EXCRETION PP PT1

Question 1

Balancing the levels of water and salts in the body is?

Answer 1

Osmoregulation

Question 2

The osmoregulatory system of an animal that functions to remove metabolic wastes from the body is?

Answer 2

Excretion

Question 3

Excretion is the removal of cellular waste, with the goal of maintaining homeostasis (T/F)

Answer 3

true

Question 4

The most important waste products are CO2, nitrogen compounds and salts. (T/F)

Answer 4

true

Question 5

Nitrogen compounds are produced by breakdown of amino acids (protein digestion) (T/F)

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Salts are produced by metabolic processes (T/F)

Answer 6

true

Question 7

what Result from breakdown of nucleic acids and amino acids

Answer 7

Nitrogenous Waste Products

Question 8

Amino groups are removed and join with H+ to form ammonia which requires

Answer 8

little energy

Question 9

Ammonia is toxic but

Answer 9

water soluble

Question 10

Bony fishes, aquatic invertebrates and amphibians excrete ____through gills and skin surfaces

Answer 10

ammonia

Question 11

land animals dilute ammonia with water and filters it through the kidneys; water is lost in the process and it requires energy

Answer 11

Urea

Question 12

not very toxic- insoluble; an adaptation as animals evolved to live on land; little water is lost, so the nitrogen waste excreted as a solid (reptiles, birds, insects); also requires expenditure of energy

Answer 12

uric acid

Question 13

Most animals have tubular excretory organs
Regulate the water-salt balance of the body
Excrete metabolic wastes into the environment (T/F)

Answer 13

true

Question 14

cilia tufted cells located in branching excretory tubules in planaria; function to excrete excess water and wastes to the outside via excretory pores

Answer 14

Flame cells

Question 15

-paired tubules in almost every segment of an earthworm form urine containing metabolic wastes, salts and water

Answer 15

Nephridia

Question 16

Malpighian tubules in insects remove metabolic wastes and water from hemolymph; water is reabsorbed at the rectum and uric acid is excreted from the aus.
(T/F)?

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Water tends to move into the region with the lowest___

Answer 17

water concentration

Question 18

Passive

Answer 18

osmosis

Question 19

filter out excess water and urea

Answer 19

kidneys

Question 20

filter out carbon dioxide, CO2, from the blood.

Answer 20

lungs

Question 21

excretes water, as sweat, which contains some trace chemical wastes, including urea.

Answer 21

skin

Question 22

are tubes that carry urine from the pelvis of the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Answer 22

ureters

Question 23

temporarily stores urine until it is released from the body

Answer 23

urinary bladder

Question 24

is the tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

Answer 24

urethra

Question 25

The outer end of the urethra is controlled by a circular muscle called a sphincter (T/F)

Answer 25

true

Question 26

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney( there are ~1 million in your kidney) (T/F)

Secretes wastes as urine; drain to bladder

Answer 26

true

Question 27

Kidneys filters out water, urea, salt, glucose, amino acids. (T/F)

Answer 27

true

Question 28

The body’s entire volume of blood is filtered every 45 min (T/F)

Answer 28

true

Question 29

UTI-

Answer 29

urinary tract infection

Question 30

bladder infx; urethritis-infx of urethra

Answer 30

Cystitis

Question 31

Kidney infx

Answer 31

pyelonephritis

Question 32

deposits of uric acid crystals in tissues

Answer 32

gout

Question 33

deposits of Ca and other minerals; block drainage of urine from kidney

Answer 33

Kidney stones

Question 34

loss of kidney function; dialysis or transplant needed

Answer 34

Kidney disease

Question 35

Kidenys reabsorbs nutrient molecules the body needs (Na, K, Ca, etc) and water (T/F)

Answer 35

true