Excretion learnsmart Flashcards
Excretion is a process in which ____ is (are) removed from the body
metabolic wastes
Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by
breakdown of amino acids.
The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is
uric acid.
A very highly soluble nitrogenous waste, excreted into water by bony fishes, aquatic invertebrates, and aquatic amphibians is
ammonia.
The main nitrogenous waste excreted by terrestrial amphibians and mammals is
urea.
Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste product produced by the excretory systems of animals?
ammonia
urea
uric acid
bile pigments
bile pirgments
The kidney was one of the first organs to be successfully transplanted because it is so encapsulated and has limited vessels feeding into or out of it. How many major “connections” must be cut in transplant surgery for one kidney?
three: the renal artery and vein and the ureter
The urinary bladder is useful because it
stores urine to prevent constant urination.
Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.
nephron
Nutrient molecules are taken back into the blood from the urinary filtrate by means of
tubular reabsorption.
Glucose is found in glomerular filtrate but NOT in the urine because
glucose is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
Which would be an indication of kidney failure?
large amount of protein in the urine
When people have health issues associated with their kidneys doctors may prescribe diuretic drugs. Why would someone with high blood pressure be prescribed these drugs?
Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and decrease the blood volume that must be pumped.
Patients with diabetes mellitus have frequent urination and increased thirst because
increased glucose in the urine increases its osmolarity and less water is reabsorbed by blood.
Which of the following nitrogenous waste products is secreted by organisms that live in water and have body surfaces in direct contact with water?
Ammonia
When ________ and _________ are broken down excess nitrogen is released that must be eliminated by the excretory system.
amino acids & nucleic acids
If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine, which region of the kidney would be impacted first?
collecting duct
Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood, the kidneys do? (3)
maintain blood volume.
aid in regulation of blood pressure.
help to maintain the blood pH.
The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes. (T/F)
true
The human kidney has an outer cortex, an inner medulla, and a renal pelvis that collects and stores urine before it leaves the kidney. (T/F)
true
