Excretion Flashcards
What two waste gases do plants produce and what processes produce them?
Oxygen (O2) is produced as a wasteproduct of photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced as a waste product of respiration.
What is the function of the kidneys?
- To regulate the volume and concentration of urine
- To remove waste and regulate body water content
Describe the general structure of a kidney
- Contains a cortex and medulla
- Renal artery carries blood to the kidney
- Renal vein carries blood away from the kidney
- Each kidney contains many nephrons
- Ureter carries fluid from the kidneys to the bladder
Give 3 waste products produced in the body
- Urea
- Carbon dioxide
- Excess salt and water
Name 3 excretory organs
The lungs
- The kidneys
- The skin
State the 4 roles of the kidneys
- Filtration
- Selective reabsorption
- Excretion
- Osmoregulation
What does the ureter do?
It carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder for excretion.
State the 5 main parts of a kidney nephron
- Glomerulus
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Collecting duct
Label the diagram of the kidney nephron
What is the difference between the ureter and the urethra?
- The ureter leads from the kidneys to the bladder
- The urethra leads from the bladder out of the body
How does ultrafiltration work in the Bowman’s capsule?
- Blood vessel leading to the glomerulus is wider than the one leading away which increases the pressure of the blood as it travels along
- Small items in the blood are squeezed out under this high pressure (big proteins and cells stay in the blood)
State 4 components of glomerular filtrate
- Urea
- Salts
- Water
- Glucose
What is the purpose of selective reabsorption?
To prevent the excretion of useful substances like glucose.
What does ADH stand for?
Antidiuretic hormone
When is ADH released?
When the body lacks water
