Excretion

Question 1

Two waste gases that plants produce

Answer 1

Oxygen- as a product of photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide- as a waste product of respiration

Question 2

What do the kidneys do

Answer 2

• to regulate volume and concentration of urine
• remove waste and regulate body water content

Question 3

general structure of kidney

Answer 3

-contains cortex and medulla
-renal artery carries blood to kidney
-renal vein carries blood away from kidney
- each kidney contains nephrons
- renal pelvis where urine made in the nephron drains into
-the ureter carries fluid from kidneys to the bladder

Question 4

3 waste products produced in the body

Answer 4

• Urea
  -carbon dixide
  -excess salt and water

Question 5

3 excretory organs

Answer 5

-lungs
-kidneys
-skin

Question 6

role of ureter

Answer 6

Carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder for excretion

Question 7

nephron parts

Answer 7

-glomerulus
- the bowmanns capsule ( which covers the glomerulus- the cup thing)
-proximal convoluted tubule
-loop of Henle
-Distal convoluted tubule
-collecting duct

Question 8

urethra

Answer 8

leads bladder out of the body

Question 9

Ultrafiltration

Answer 9

removes all small molecules from the blood including glucose,water ,mineral ions and urea. The large cells and protein are too big and so stay in the blood.

Question 10

process of ultrafiltration

Answer 10

• Blood enters kidney through the renal artery into arterioles
• the arteriole to the glomerulus is smaller than the arteriole away meaning higher pressure
• forces fluid through capillary wall and the basement membrane to form glomerular filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule

Question 11

components of glomerular filtrate

Answer 11

• urea
• salts
• water
• glucose

Question 12

selective reabsorption

Answer 12

movement of different amount of substances into the blood to prevent excretion of useful substances like glucose which provide energy.

Question 13

ADH

Answer 13

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 14

when is ADH released

Answer 14

when the body lacks water

Question 15

How does ADH affect the collecting duct?

Answer 15

makes the collecting duct more permeable to water so that more water is reabsorbed from the filterate

Question 16

what is excretion?

Answer 16

Removal of METABOLIC waste

Question 17

negative feedback loop when dehydration is detected

Answer 17

-thirst signals activated
-more ADH released (water retained by kidneys)
- urine is less dilute and has a smaller volume as a result and is more concentrated

Question 18

Describe negative feedback loop when overhydration is detected

Answer 18

-less ADH is released
-Dilute urine is made
- salts are retained

Question 19

Componets of urine

Answer 19

-water
-urea
- ions

Question 20

test for protein

Answer 20

Biuret

Question 21

Test for glucose

Answer 21

Benedicts

put in 60-70’c heat for 5 minutes

Question 22

Osmoregulation

Answer 22

Keeping the water and salt content of internal environment constant

Question 23

Where is ADH produced from?

Answer 23

pituitary gland

Question 24

Where does ultrafiltration happen?

Answer 24

Bowmanns capsule

Question 25

Where does selective reabsorption happen?

Answer 25

Proximal convoluted tubule via active transport

Question 26

Where does the release of ADH affect in the kidney?

Answer 26

Collecting duct

Question 27

Where is urine actually made?

Answer 27

the nephron

Question 28

Where are salts reabsorbed?

Answer 28

loop of henle

Question 29

test results if glucose present

Answer 29

brick red

Question 30

test results if glucose not present

Answer 30

remains blue

Question 31

test results if protein present

Answer 31

• purple

Question 32

test results if protein not present

Answer 32

• blue