Exchange- Digestion And Absorption

Question 1

Digestion in carbohydrates

Answer 1

Carb is broken down by amylase
Amalayse catalyses conversion of starch into maltose
Amylase is produces by salivary glands

Question 2

Digestion in lipids

Answer 2

Lipase enzymes catalyse breakdown of lipids into monoglycerides and fatty acids through hydrolysis of ester bonds
Lipases are made in Pancreas and work in the small intestine
Bile salt produces in liver to emulsify lipids
Bile salts are important in lipid digestion as they from lipid droplets which prove a large SA
Fatty acids stick with alts to form micelles

Question 3

What are endopeptidases

Answer 3

Hydrolyse peptide bonds within a protein
Example- Trypsin synthesised in pancreas and secreted in small intestine
Pepsin- Releaded into the stomach by stomach lining cells

Question 4

What are exopeptidases

Answer 4

Hydrolyse peptide bonds at the ends of proteins and remove single amino acids
Di peptic adds are can example that work on dipeptides and so erste the two amino acids thag make up a di peptide by hydrolysis f the peptide bond
Depeptidases are located on the. ell membrane of epithelial cells in the small intestine

Question 5

Explain monosaccharides as a product of digestion

Answer 5

Glucose is absorbed by AT with sodium ions via co transport proteins
Fructose is absorbed via facilitated diffusion

Question 6

Explain monoglycerides as a product of digestion

Answer 6

Micelles- Help move monoglyercodes and fattt acids towards epithelium so they can be absorbed and are lipid soluble so can diffuse directly across epithelial membrane

Question 7

Amino acids

Answer 7

Sodium ions are actively transported out of epithelial cells into ileum and diffuse back through sodium dependent transporter protein