EXAMPLES of Research Flashcards
What are examples for the origins of psychology?
Wundt (1879) - opened first psych lab in Leipzig, Germany
What are examples of research for the behaviourist approach?
Miller et al, (1973) - classical conditioning - AO3 (-) Results were not significant
Hinkin et al, (2004) - operant conditioning - AO3 (+) Results were significant
What are examples of research for the social learning theory (SLT)?
Bahr et al, (2005) - assumptions of SLT - AO3 (+) Empirical evidence
Bandura et al, (1961) - AO1 Bobo doll Experiment
What are examples of research for the cognitive approach?
None - SIKEEE
What are examples of research for the psychodynamic approach?
Biskup et al, (2005) - assumptions of the psychodynamic approach -
AO3 (+) Positive practical application
Freud (1909) - psychosexual stages - AO3 (-) Use of case studies
Lewis et al, (1992) - psychosexual stages - AO3 (+) Indirect evidence
What are examples of research for the biological approach?
Brunner et al, (1993) - assumptions of the biological approach -
AO3 (+) Supporting evidence
Twin studies E.G. - methods used by the biological approach - AO3 (-) Twin studies
What are examples of research for the humanistic approach?
Libet et al, (1983) - assumptions of the humanistic approach - AO3 (-) Illusion
Describe Miller et al, (1973)
Pps given alcohol followed by either a high shock, low shock or none.
Found no statistically significant differences in alcohol consumption.
Aversion therapy
Describe Hinkin et al, (2004)
Found that 243 employees who received positive feedback showed improved performance in the hospitality sector.
Describe Bahr et al, (2005)
Supported the idea that observation results in imitation, in the case of peer pressure for drugs in a sample of 4,230 adolescents.
Describe Bandura et al, (1961)
> Aim: Investigate whether aggression can be learned through SLT.
> Method: Children aged 3-6 years were put into 1 of 3 conditions:
Aggressive model – child played while an adult hit and shouted at a “Bobo doll”
Non-aggressive model – child played while an adult played quietly with toys.
Control group – child did not see a model.
> Results:
Children who saw the aggressive model produced more aggressive acts compared to the other conditions.
Boys imitated same-sex models more, and girls imitated more physical aggression if they saw male models, and more verbal aggression if they saw female models.
Bandura et al (1961) used a lab experiment which is artificial & strictly-controlled.
Describe Biskup et al, (2005)
Reported a naturalistic study showing that at the end of psychoanalytic therapy, 77% of patients showed clinically significant improvements.
Describe Freud (1909)
Case study on Little Hans, suggesting that his phobia of horses stemmed from a fear towards his father due to having sexual desires for his mother.
Describe Lewis et al, (1992)
Found that out of 140 college students, the ones with clinical levels of depressive symptoms scored significantly higher on the oral pessimism questionnaire than the rest of the sample.
Describe Brunner et al, (1993)
Found that 28 males in a Dutch family who were behaving aggressively and involved in violent crimes, had low levels of MAOA genes in their bodies.
