Exam Questions I lost marks on

Question 1

describe the purpose and HTML and CSS [4]

Answer 1

HTML defines the structure of the webpage
HTML defines the content of the webpage

CSS defines the style/ appearence
using selectors like classes and IDs
can be implemented into the HTML externally of from within

Question 2

Explain one advantage of client side processing to either the customer or the company [2]

Answer 2

reduces load on the server
so company have to spend less on processing power

No need to send data to server and wait for a response
website will act quicker for the user

Question 3

describe how this circuit can be modified to add two 4 bit binary numbers (diagram of half adder)[4]

Answer 3

this circuit adds two bits together
output 1 is the sum and output 2 is the carry bit

two half adders can be combined
with an OR gate
to form a full adder

4 full adders can be combined
carry bit is joined to the next one

Question 4

compare the efficiency of a binary tree to a linked list when searching through data [2]

Answer 4

binary tree is more efficient
dont need to check every value

Question 5

name two factors that affect a webpages page rank [2]

Answer 5

incoming links links to the webpages from other pages
page rank of those other pages

Question 6

how is the accumulator used when using the command BRP [2]

Answer 6

value in the accumulator is compared to 0
if the number is greater than 0 branch to the jump point if not then then the program is continued

Question 7

describe what is meant by a uility [2]

Answer 7

any two from
utility performs a specific task
used to maintain the computer system
any valid example

Question 8

Describe one advantage of storing CSS in a separate file [3]

Answer 8

keeps content and formatting separate
saves time
ensures consistency
can affect the whole page

Question 9

insert diagram of a many to many ERD suggest why this structure isnt suitable [1]

Answer 9

many to many relationships not allowed in 3NF

Question 10

define class [2]

Answer 10

a template that defines methods and attributes used to make an object

Question 11

a program uses a library explain why a linker would have to be used after compilation [3]

Answer 11

user running the program wont necessarily have the library installed on the device
so the library must be included in the final executable
linker combines the files

Question 12

Describe why two’s complement may be preferable to sign and magnitude [2] (previous question adding two numbers)

Answer 12

hard to do calculations with sign and magnitude
but easy in twos compliment

Question 13

video game company making their own OS
Describe two functions an operating system might be expected to carry out on the console. [4]

Answer 13

manage the peripherals/control hardware like controllers and graphics card
provide a user interface for the user to load games
act as a platform for the software to run
control access have their own accounts and scores and stuff

Question 14

when checking if files are duplicates
Explain two characteristics you would look for in a hashing algorithm for this purpose [4]

Answer 14

hash can be calculated quickly and alot of files need to be hashed to be quicker than a bitwise calculation

There is a low chance of collisions reduce the risk of different files being flagged at the same

the hash result needs to be maller than the input to speed up comparisons and save memory

Question 15

name two similarities between Trees and graphs [2]

Answer 15

both use nodes to represent data
both use edges to represent connections of data
both are dynamic data structures

Question 16

name two differences between trees and graphs [2]

Answer 16

graphs can have cycles while trees cant have cycles
graphs can be bidirectional while tree can only be traversed down
graphs can be weighted

Question 17

describe how you would remove a node from a tree [3]

Answer 17

traverse the tree to find the node being removed
add node to empty node list
change the parent nodes pointer to point to the nodes child (prioritise left if possible)
change the child node’s pointers to the other children or null values

Question 18

describe adding a new node to a tree [3]

Answer 18

create new node
traverse the tree to find its parent node
add pointer from parent node to child node
set new nodes pointers to null

Question 19

compare two differences between recursion and iteration [4]

Answer 19

Recursion uses more memory
iteration uses less

recursion declares new variables at each function call
iteration reuses the same variables

recursion can run out of memory space
iteration cant run out of memory space

recursion can express a solution more elegantly (fewer lines of code)
iteration uses more lines of code

recursion will be self-referential
while iteration wont be

Question 20

explain why a variable might be passed in by reference instead of byvalue [2]

Answer 20

by reference will change the actual contents of the variable
while by value creates a copy and edits that (original is left intact)
byvalue is local to the function
byreference uses less memory

Question 21

describe one difference differences between get and set methods [2]

Answer 21

get methods allow attributes to be accessed and returns a value
set methods allow variabels to changed

i know that two but the exam question was describe one and thee were the marks

Question 22

How does optical storage work

Answer 22

Uses pits and lands
to represent 1s and 0s
a laser is used to read it

Question 23

define the term Abstraction [4]

image above of a map

Answer 23

idea of separating ideas from reality
only using relevant detail
representation of reality
symbols to show real-life features
buildings and trees left out