1.3.3 Networks Flashcards
define network
two or more computers connected that can transmit data
and share resources
what is the difference between physical topology and logical topology
Physical topology how the devices are actually set out
logical how the data is sent around
define protocol
A set of rules for communicating accross a network
Pros of a protocol
allows communication
ensures all devices follow the same rules
data is interpreted the same
what is HTTP
hyper text tranfer protocol
used for renderin web pages
what is FTP
file transfer protocol
used when sending files from one device to another
TCP/IP
transmission control Protocol / internet protocol
controls how data is sent around the internet
POP
Post office protocol
client recieves the email and it is then deleted from server
IMAP
internet messaging access protocol
client revicieves the email and doesnt delete it from server
SMTP
simple message transfer protocol
transfers messages from server to server
used to send emails
what are the two types of standard
de jure
de facto
what is the difference between de jure and de facto
de facto is a standard agrreed upon but never officially approved
De jure
has been officially approved
examples of both standards
de jure
ASCII
De facto
QWERTY
define layer
division of network functionality
state one difference between packet switches circuit switching [2]
Circuit switching requires dedicated hardware used for each connection
packet switching hardware is used for multiple connections
circuit switching data is sent along one route
Packet Switches packets may be sent accross multiple routes
circuit switching less secure
packets not all packets wil be intercepted
why is packets switching more suitable for a network than circuit switching [2]
circuit swicthing is less secure if intercepted
packet switching is more secure as not all
why should a data sent on a company network be encrypted [3]
unencrypted data can be read by anyone who has access to the data
cyber criminals could gain access to the data
company has to protect employees data
…data protection act
work from home more securely
Explain how a DNS server is used in the process of accessing this website [8]
Request is sent to the DNS resolver which then checks it’s cache for the corresponding IP address to the URL
if the DNS resolver doesnt store it
TLD checks its cache and finds the authoritative name server which applies to the URLs top level name
authoritative name server is a large database of URLs and their corresponding IP addresses
what does a proxy server do
makes a web request on behalf of your computer and in turn hides your IP address
what does a Proxy server provide
anonymous surfing
can cache webpages for faster load times
administrations can block or restrict access to sensitive/ irrelevant information
define a Firewall
hardware/ software monitors and filters traffic to and from a network
can be either hardwrae or software
What can a firewall be used for
Prevent unauthorised access to a network
Restrict websites that can be accessed from within the company
protect company data