Exam Prep Flashcards
The French and Indian War(1754-63)
-War that occurred in North America during the Seven Years’s war.
-Great Britain and France struggled to determine control of the vast colonial territories.
-Began over the specific issue of whether the upper Ohio River valley was a part of the British Empire or the French Empire.
-Resulted in Britain gaining control over much of the continent and going into debt, which they then made unfair taxes on their colonies to make up for it.
Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)
- Written by Thomas Jefferson which announced the separation of the 13 colonies from Great Britain.
-And illuminated equality of man.
The Founders and Religion
- Political figures who believed in religion, but that it shouldn’t influence government.
-a bunch of deists - created the first government/republic
Articles of Confederation
-first written constitution of the United States, drafted by congress in 1777.
-sought to balance the need for national coordination of the war of Independence with widespread fear that centralized political power posed a danger to liberty.
-had no executive branch
Anti-Federalists
-thought the constitution was weak and that it didn’t protect individual rights.
-demanded for a Bill of Rights
The Federalists
-thought the constitution was strong and didn’t need to be changed
Republicans
he ideology of governing the nation as a republic, where the head of state is not appointed through hereditary means, but usually through an election
War of 1812
-Madison was president
-Wanted to stop the British from impressing American ships
-Struggled financially
-Britain burned down the White House
-Star spangled banner was created during that time.
-war ended in a draw
Andrew Jackson
President during the 1830s
-dramatically expands the power of the president
-General during the Battle of New Orleans
-Heavily hated the Federal Government
-Extremely racist to Natives and Blacks
Market Revolution
-reshaped the idea of freedom; identifying it more closely to Economic opportunity
-encouraged western expansion
-slavery grew
-Communication and transportation improved greatly(Canals, railroads, telegraphs, and more)
Westward Expansion
6 new states became a part of the union after more people moved west.
-Became home to regional cultures
-created the Cotton Kingdom
Age of Jackson
vision of democracy excluded blacks and natives
-suspicious of banks and paper money
-state shoulds be the vocal of governmental activity
-opposed federal efforts to shape economy or interference with individual lives.
-Spoils system(gave governmental jobs to friends)
Indian Removal Act
1830- early law of Jackson that provided funds for uprooting the five civilized tribes left in American territory
-goal was to wipe out all Natives
-wanted to open up the native lands in order to make for more plantation-based lands
-Military forcibly removed natives from their home
Democratic Party
established by Martin Van Buren
-represented the ‘producing class’
-did not support federal gov
-pro-slavery/protection
-southern supports/lower income working class people in north
-wants a limited government
-freedom=privacy
Abolition Movement
Extreme movement of anti-slavery
Desired to end slavery and free all slaves
Radical actions were taken to try and abolish slavery
Slavery and the Law
Slave rights were heavily enforced and they lived in constant toil and went through brutal punishments
-they could be sold
-they could not testify in court
-could not acquire property
- restricted from education
Manifest Destiny
The ideal that it was white’s god-given right to take control of the whole continent of America.
All other races were considered inferior and were heavily mistreated and or driven from their homes.
The Mexican War
First American conflict fought on primarily foreign soil and the first in which american troops occupied a foreign capital. Sparked by the dispute over the annexation of Texas.
America won and they doubled in size.
Rise of the Republican Party
Reflected underlying economic and social changes, notably the completion of the market revolution.
Most were Free soilers, yet some abolitionists joined despite their differing opinions on the extend of the abolition of slavery.