Exam prep

Question 1

define primary protein structure

Answer 1

sequence of a chain of amino acids

Question 2

define secondary protein structure

Answer 2

occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds

Question 3

define tertiary protein structure

Answer 3

occurs when there are certain attractions between pleated sheets and alpha helices

Question 4

define quaternary protein structure

Answer 4

is a protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain

Question 5

chemical composition of lipids

Answer 5

glycerol backbone
2 fatty acid tails
phosphate group

Question 6

which of the following generates the highest calorie amount in the diet?
protein
lipids
vitamins
carbs

Answer 6

lipids

Question 7

what is the most important source of energy in the diet and why?

Answer 7

lipids, as they provide around twice the amount of calorie input compared to carbohydrates

Question 8

which of the following is NOT an amino acid?
isoleucine
lysine
methionine
glutamic acid

Answer 8

glutamic acid

Question 9

describe the solubility of fats and oils

Answer 9

insoluble in water
soluble in organic solvents

Question 10

what do all fats and oils contain

Answer 10

C, O, H

Question 11

list the 3 types of lipids

Answer 11

triglycerides
phospholipids
sterols

Question 12

explain what triglyceride fats and oils consist of at room temp

Answer 12

oil consists of TGS liquid
fat consists of TGs solid

Question 13

list some food sources of fatty acids

Answer 13

margarine
butter
cooking oils

Question 14

what do triglycerides consist of?

Answer 14

a molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acids attached

Question 15

what does glycerol consist of?

Answer 15

3 carbon atoms, each joined to a hydroxyl group

Question 16

what do fatty acids consist of?

Answer 16

long straight hydrocarbon chain with hydrogen attatched

Question 17

what 2 groups do fatty acids have one each end?

Answer 17

carboxyl group and methyl group

Question 18

what do saturated fatty acids consist of?

Answer 18

fully hydrogenated bonds
only carbon (single) no double bonds

Question 19

what do unsaturated fatty acids consist of?

Answer 19

1 or more double bonds (C)

Question 20

what do polyunsaturated fatty acids consist of?

Answer 20

more than 1 double bond