Exam Part 4 Flashcards
what is the link, created through socialization, between individuals and the society of which they are a part
social bond
What theory did William Chambliss create, holds that the causes of crime are rooted in social conditions that empower the wealthy and the politically well-organized but disenfranchise those less fortunate, this is a conflict perspective approach of Marxists
Radical Criminology
what is a traditional principle of peace-making, mediation, and consensus-building. Where a group of community members who actively assist justice authorities by participating in discussions to put the offender back into the community
Circle Sentencing conferences
Who killed his disabled daughter, Tracy, in 1993, who suffered from cerebral palsy and was in constant pain (compassionate homicide)
Robert Latimer
What is an act of killing someone out of mercy, because they suffer from severe and unbearable pain? Killing someone out of love
compassionate homicide
what is a personal effect or chance over the course of one’s life such as education, income, place of residence, and profession
Achieved characteristics
What is this from the conflict perspective from Marx, the capitalists and wealthy owners the “haves,” or the class of people that own the means of productions (factories, businesses, land)?
Bourgeoisie
What is this from the conflict perspective from Marx, The “have-nots,” or the working class, relatively uneducated workers without power
Proletariat
what is a group composed of volunteers from the community who focus on restorative measures such as restitution, reparation, mediation, and victim involvement
Community Sentencing panels
what stresses solutions and restoration rather than imprisonment punishment, and neglect of victims
Restorative justice
Harold Pepinsky study holds that crime-control agencies and the citizens should serve together to alleviate social problems and human suffering to reduce crime
Peacemaking criminology
what is an analytical perspective on a social organization that holds that conflict is a fundamental aspect of social life and can never be fully resolved
Conflict perspective
what is views gender in terms of power relationships, a corrective model intended to redirect the thinking of mainstream criminologists to include gender awareness
Feminist views
the criminal justice policy development in Canada. the role of criminological research, the influence of political scientists, and the increasing emphasis on ___ policy making.
evidence-based crime prevention
what strategy is a crime prevention strategy that attempts to diminish motivation for crime by increasing the perceived certainty, severity, or celerity of penalties
Deterrence strategy
what is a government-formulated directives made on behalf of the public good to solve a problem or achieve an end
public policy
what is a crime prevention strategy based on the premise that the design and effective use of the built environment can reduce crime? the use of architectural design such as natural surveillance, and natural access control.
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)
what is a federal crime prevention initiative designed to create safer communities by supporting community-based crime prevention efforts. Funds Crime Prevention action, Aboriginal and youth gang
National Crime Prevention Strategy (NCPS)
Which country imprisons 655 per 100,000 people in the Western world
united states
which crime prevention initiative does Canada focus on?
nurturant approach.
Who uses Biometric technology?
- Tech companies
- Banks
- Law Enforcement
Who comprises the most victims of human trafficking
Women and children
