Criminology chapter 4

Question 1

What is a Court-Ordered payment to victims of crime, generally made by offenders, as reimbursement for damages and/or losses; a part of restorative justice

Answer 1

Restitution

Question 2

This approach: has Three key elements: motivated offender, suitable target, and absence of capable guardian; made in 1970s - present, Theorists Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson

Answer 2

Routine Activities approach

Question 3

This defines: Something or someone of value to offenders in a criminal offence

Answer 3

Suitable target

Question 4

Which type of victim precipitation is this: It takes place when the victim literally provokes the victimization

Answer 4

Active precipitation

Question 5

What are Payments to victims, generally made by a government agency, for lost wages, medical expenses, and pain and suffering?

Answer 5

Victim Compensation

Question 6

What is the scientific study of crime victims and the victimization process?

Answer 6

Victimology

Question 7

What is the contribution to victimization made by the background of a victim?

Answer 7

Victimogenesis

Question 8

this program: adding insult to injury, strongly criticized calling it a colossal failure that needlessly revictimizes people Created in Saskatchewan in 1967; Available in every province by 1988.

Answer 8

criminal injuries compensation program

Question 9

The responsibility for requesting restitution lay with whom?

Answer 9

The Victim

Question 10

Who has to consider victim impact statement?

Answer 10

Judges

Question 11

What is the Victim Bill of Rights I.D

Answer 11

Bill C-32

Question 12

Federal legislation establishes statutory rights to information, protection, participation, and to seek restitution for victims of crime.

Answer 12

Victim Bill of Rights

Question 13

What are Current services for Victims?

Answer 13

• Police Bases Services
• Court Based Services
• Victims and Corrections
• System-based Services

Question 14

The psychological well-being of victims has concluded that criminal victimization, what disorder can be developed

Answer 14

PTSD

Question 15

An early set of laws was established by the Babylonian king Hammurabi, who ruled the ancient city of Babylon from 1792 to 1750 BCE

Answer 15

Code of Hammurabi

Question 16

Social injuries that occur not as direct result of a criminal act but though the response of social institutions and individuals to the victim

Answer 16

Secondary victimization

Question 17

Which Victim Precipitation is this: occurs when the victim unknowingly encourages the offender toward criminal action

Answer 17

passive precipitation

Question 18

one who effectively discourages crime; effective deterrents to criminal activity

Answer 18

Capable Guardian

Question 19

Developed in 1970s by theorists: Michael Hindelang, Michael Gottfredson, and James Garofalo the concept is a lifestyle

Answer 19

Lifestyle exposure