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Biology 1 > Exam One Review > Flashcards

Exam One Review Flashcards

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1
Q

List 8 characteristics of life as it is known on earth

A

Complex/Ordered
Regulated
Responsive
Grows
Well adapted
Reproduces
Uses energy
Carries instructions

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2
Q

What organisms are classified as prokaryotes?

A

Domains Bacteria and Archaea

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3
Q

What organisms are classified as eukaryotes?

A

Domain Eukarya

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4
Q

What are the 4 most common elements on earth?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen

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5
Q

What are the next 7 common elements on earth?

A

Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Sodium, Chlorine, Magnesium

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6
Q

What is a trace element?

A

An element required in very small amounts

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7
Q

What is atomic number?

A

Number of protons

Can also be called atomic weight

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8
Q

What is mass number?

A

Protons plus neutrons

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9
Q

What makes elements more reactive?

A

The number of electrons in it’s valence shell

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10
Q

Why is water a great solvent?

A

Due to the polarity of water it is attracted to other polar substances and can form H-Bonds

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11
Q

What are weak bonds in biology

A

ionic bonds, H-bonds, van der waals, hydrophobic bonds

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12
Q

What is a structural isomer?

A

Isomer differs in arrangement of covalent bonds

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13
Q

What is a cis-trans isomer?

A

Carbons have covalent bonds to the same atoms BUT atoms differ in spacial arrangement due to inflexibility of the bonds

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14
Q

What is a enantiomer?

A

Isomers are mirror images of each other, differ in shape due to asymmetrical carbon

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15
Q

What is a atom?

A

Smallest unit of matter

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16
Q

What is a molecule?

A

a group of two or more elements held together via chemical bonds with the same properties as the element

17
Q

What is a compound?

A

composed of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio

18
Q

What are the weak interactions in biology?

A

Ionic bonds, H-bonds, LDF’s, hydrophobic interactions, Dip-Dip moments

19
Q

When does sp3 hybridization occur in C, O, and N?

A

When C, O, or N for single covalent bonds ONLY

20
Q

When did life appear?

A

3-4 billion years ago

21
Q

Does hydrophilic mean soluble?

A

Not necessarily, think of enzymes they’re hydrophilic but water insoluble

Biology 1 (9 decks)

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