EXAM: Generator Operator Final Exam Questions Flashcards
- What program would a generation owner system operator use to submit generator outages for PJM approval?
a. eDART
b. eMKT
c. e-mail system
d. eOutage
a. eDART
- What tool is used by PJM operators for providing verbal alerts to PJM Transmission and Generation dispatchers?
a. Burst fax machine
b. PJM.NET
c. All-Call
d. eMKT
c. All-Call
- When emergency procedures are implemented, the information is disseminated to Members via the All-Call system and which of the following?
a. eMarket
b. individual phone calls to all
c. selected PJM web pages
d. PJM morning report
c. selected PJM web pages
- Which of the following, is the first reliability related action that a Generation Owner dispatcher should take when one of its generation facilities develops a problem that will require the generator to reduce its MW output?
a. Inform PJM dispatch and update eDART
b. Reduce MW sales and update unit information in eMKT
c. Self-Schedule the unit to reduce deviation
d. Submit a unit reduction maintenance outage request
a. Inform PJM dispatch and update eDART
- A PJM Member has been granted a maintenance outage for one of their generators and has scheduled the generator to be removed from service at 2300 this evening. At 1900, the generator’s tube leak worsened, and the generator tripped off-line. The generator outage will be listed as:
a. A maintenance outage
b. A planned outage
c. An unplanned outage
d. A maintenance early extension
c. An unplanned outage
- A generating unit trips off-line while operating as a mitigating action for a PJM constraint. The Generation Owner dispatcher should notify PJM and their Local Control Center when?
a. Before the end of the shift
b. Immediately
c. After procuring replacement MW’s
d. Within 10 minutes of the event
b. Immediately
- Daily capacity numbers that are reported to PJM dispatcher throughout the operating day should be based on what generator limit?
a. Emergency minimum
b. Economic minimum
c. Economic maximum
d. Emergency maximum
c. Economic maximum
- How many Synchronous reserve MWs should you report to PJM for a generator that has an economic minimum of 50 MW, economic maximum of 150 MW, current output of 100 MW, and can ramp at 8 MW per minute?
a. 8 MWs
b. 50 MWs
c. 80 MWs
d. 100 MWs
b. 50 MWs
- Which of the following balancing area control modes is used by PJM under normal operations?
a. Flat frequency
b. Frequency bias
c. Flat tie-line
d. Tie-line bias
d. Tie-line bias
- Which of the following influences does PJM consider when performing their system load forecast?
i. Weather conditions
ii. Self-scheduled generation
iii. Day of the week
iv. Day-ahead demand bids
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 4
d. 3 and 4
b. 1 and 3
- All of the following are limits that must be submitted to PJM for generating units EXCEPT:
a. Economic minimum
b. Economic maximum
c. Emergency maximum
d. Dynamic instability
d. Dynamic instability
- If PJM experienced an event that caused the loss of a 1,000 MW generator, which of the following would most likely provide the quickest impact to improve the undergenerating Area Control Error (ACE)?
a. Remedial action reserve
b. Synchronous reserves
c. Non-synchronous reserves
d. Operating reserve
b. Synchronous reserves
- Your system experienced an event that caused the frequency to drop below 60.00 Hz, what would be the most likely event that occurred?
a. A large load center was lost
b. A small hydro unit was brought on-line for testing
c. A substation RTU was lost
d. A generator on your system tripped off-line
d. A generator on your system tripped off-line
- Based on a generator capability curve, in order to maximize the MVAR output of the generator, it may be necessary to:
a. decrease the MW output to economic minimum.
b. Increase actual frequency
c. Decrease the MW output of the unit
d. Increase the MW output of the unit
c. Decrease the MW output of the unit
- Which of the following would NOT be a cause for a sudden deviation in the control area ACE?
a. Incorrect interchange number
b. Loss of a tie-line
c. Loss of internal load
d. Loss of adjacent control area generation
d. Loss of adjacent control area generation
- The primary purpose for the balancing area to have Regulation is to correct for?
a. Large load increases
b. Loss of a generator
c. Steam lag
d. Small deviations in load
d. Small deviations in load
- It is necessary for Generation Owner dispatchers to notify PJM of unplanned unit outages?
a. At least 12 hours prior to the event
b. As soon as practicable
c. Only when PJM requests the information
d. Within 24 hours after the event occurs
b. As soon as practicable
- PJM should be made aware of any fuel shortage that a generator may experience. This information assists in analyzing the resources and reliably operating the system. A heightened awareness is expected during?
a. Periods of low hydro reservoirs
b. Periods when fuel costs are high
c. Extreme hot or cold conditions
d. Light load periods
c. Extreme hot or cold conditions
- Generators are required to obtain PJM approval prior to removing a generating unit from service. The only exception is for?
a. Generators less than 500 MWs
b. Unit cost is less than LMP
c. Injury to personnel will be prevented
d. Planned outages
c. Injury to personnel will be prevented
- Prior to removing a self-scheduled generator from service, the PJM member must first?
a. determine the impacts that the unit removal will have on LMP
b. provide PJM with a cost analysis of removing it
c. give PJM the option to take over the unit for the market
d. offer the unit to all members who are purchasing from external sources
c. give PJM the option to take over the unit for the market
- When PJM experiences problems with their primary digital control signal, it sometimes becomes necessary for companies with the capability, to switch to the back-up signal. This back-up signal is known as:
a. Secondary SCADA
b. UDS auto control
c. Analog control
d. Digital 2x
c. Analog control
- When PJM sends cost signals to generators in order to provide direction for increasing or decreasing the facility output, this signal that is sent is known as:
a. Operating rate
b. Regulation rate
c. Ramp rate
d. Dispatch rate
d. Dispatch rate
- Under normal operating conditions, what is the limit that will provide the lowest output level of a generating unit?
a. Min gen limit
b. Regulation low limit
c. Emergency minimum limit
d. Economic minimum limit
d. Economic minimum limit
- When PJM sends out a cost signal to generators to adjust their output, the generating personnel adjust the output of the unit based on the unit’s?
a. Frequency bias contribution
b. Price or cost curve incremental
c. Regulating capabilities
d. Most recent heat-rate test
b. Price or cost curve incremental
- Which eSuite tool is used to maintain individual generator regulation data that is submitted by PJM members?
a. eGADS
b. eMKT
c. eData
d. eCapacity
b. eMKT
- PJM’s ACE (Area Control Error) configuration is such, that when the ACE is positive (+) it indicates?
a. Too much generation
b. Not enough generation
c. Lack of regulation
d. Lack of reserves
a. Too much generation
- If a generator is self-scheduled, what is the minimum notification time required in order for the MW output to be adjusted?
a. Notifications are not required
b. 20 minutes prior to the change
c. Within 10 minutes of the change
d. 30 minutes prior to the change
b. 20 minutes prior to the change
- When corrections are made for time error and the system scheduled frequency must be changed to implement the correction, how much is the frequency schedule adjusted by?
a. +/- 0.02 Hz
b. +/- 0.20 Hz
c. +/- 0.22 Hz
d. +/- 1.1 Hz
a. +/- 0.02 Hz
- When PJM runs their regulation tests, how long do the tests normally run?
a. 10 minutes
b. 20 minutes
c. 30 minutes
d. 40 minutes
d. 40 minutes
- Your system has a 300 MW steam unit, but due to oil deliveries, the on-site fuel supply is diminishing. What is the hourly threshold for reporting to PJM that the unit cannot operate at its maximum capacity due to the fuel limitation?
a. 24 hours
b. 36 hours
c. 48 hours
d. 72 hours
d. 72 hours
- What is the regulation requirement for the PJM balancing area during on-peak hours?
a. 425 MWs
b. 525 MWs
c. 700 MWs
d. 725 MWs
c. 700 MWs
- What is the time requirement that a generator that wishes to self-schedule itself must provide to PJM?
a. 10 minutes
b. 20 minutes
c. 30 minutes
d. 60 minutes
b. 20 minutes
- The PJM Peak Period Maintenance season occurs:
a. During the times of any peak load
b. Between the 24th & 36th wednesdays of the year
c. During the entire months of June, July, and August
d. Whenever PJM declares and energy deficiency
b. Between the 24th & 36th wednesdays of the year
- Maintenance outage extensions may be granted provided that the request for an extension is made:
a. Prior to the start of the outage
b. Prior to the end of the outage
c. After the outages had ended
d. Within 48 hours of the start and 12 hours of the end
b. Prior to the end of the outage
- What is the maximum time limit for maintenance outages that occur during the PJM Peak Period Maintenance season?
a. There is no maximum limit
b. 3 days
c. 5 days
d. 9 days
d. 9 days