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Abnormal Psychology > Exam Covering Chapters 9-13 > Flashcards

Exam Covering Chapters 9-13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

enduring parters of thinking and behavior the define and distinguish a person

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2
Q

Personality disorder

A

the duration of the pattern and the social impairment associated with the symptoms in question

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3
Q

Ego-dystonic

A

distressed by their symptoms and uncomfortable with their situation

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4
Q

Ego-syntonic

A

the ideas or impulses with which they are associated are acceptable to the person

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5
Q

affiliation

A

the desire for close relationships with other people

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6
Q

power

A

the desire for impact, prestige, or dominance

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7
Q

Cluster A:

A

Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

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8
Q

Paranoid personality disorder

A

characterized by the pervasive tendency to be inappropriately suspicious of other people’s motives and behaviors

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9
Q

Schizoid personality disorder

A

a pervasive pattern of indifference to other people, coupled with diminished range of emotional experience and expression. Loners

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10
Q

Schizotypal personality disorder

A

centers around peculiar patterns of behavior rather than on the emotional restriction and social withdrawal. Bizarre fantasies and unusual perceptual experiences

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11
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

a persistant pattern of irresponsible and antisocial behavior that begins during the childhood or adolescence and continues into adult years

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12
Q

Boarderline personality disorder

A

diffuse category whose essential feature is a pervasive pattern of instability in mood and interpersonal relationships

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13
Q

Cluster B:

A

Antisocial, Boarderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic

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14
Q

Histrionic personality disorder

A

characterized by a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking behavior

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15
Q

Narcissistic personality disorder

A

a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and inability to emphasize with others

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16
Q

Cluster C:

A

Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive

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17
Q

Avoidant personality disorder

A

characterized by a pervasive pattern of social discomfort, fear of negative evaluation, and timidity

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18
Q

Dependent personality disorder

A

a pervasive pattern of submissive and clinging behavior

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19
Q

Obsessive-compulsive personality dosorder

A

a pervasive pattern of orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency

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20
Q

Cross-culture psychology

A

the scientific study of ways that human behavior and mental processes are influenced by social and cultural factors

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21
Q

Impulse control disorder

A

persistant, clinically significant impulsive behaviors

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22
Q

impulse control disorders:

A

Intermittent explosive disorder, kleptomania, Pyromania

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23
Q

Psychopathology

A

observable behaviors and repeated conflict with, including failure to conform to, social norms with respect to lawful behavior

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24
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

extreme emaciation

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25
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating, followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self induced vomiting, laxatives, excessive exercise

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26
Q

Adonis complex

A

extreme muscularity, often with anabolic steroids

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27
Q

Amenorrhea

A

the cessation of menstruation

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28
Q

Binge eating

A

consuming an amount of food that is clearly larger than most people would eat under similar circumstances in a fixed period of time

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29
Q

Purging

A

most common form is vomititing but can include laxatives, diuretics and even enemas

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30
Q

Binge-eating disorder

A

episodes of binge eating without compensatory behavior

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31
Q

Obesity

A

often defined as BMI greater than 30

32
Q

Cohort

A

group that shares some features in common

33
Q

Cohort effect

A

are differences that distinguish one cohort from another

34
Q

enmeshed families

A

families whose members are overly involved in one another’s lives

35
Q

Perfectionism/ists

A

set unrealistically high standards, are self critical, and demand a nearly flawless performance from themselves

36
Q

Body image

A

a highly critical evaluation of ones weight and shape

37
Q

Dietary restraint

A

direct consequences of overly restrictive eating

38
Q

Weight set points

A

fixed weights or small ranges of weights

39
Q

Substance abuse disorders

A

maladaptive pattern of behaviors that are related to the continued use of drugs in spite of the fact that their use creates a set of significant problems for the person

40
Q

Endorphins

A

Endogenous opioids related to morphine, important in the activities associated with systems that control pain, emotion, stress, and reward

41
Q

High-risk research design

A

subjects are selected from the general population biased on a well-documented risk factor

42
Q

Detoxification

A

The removal of a drug on which a person has become dependent

43
Q

Vasocongestion

A

engorgement of blood vessels of various organs, especially the genitals

44
Q

Sexual dysfunctions

A

inhibitions of sexual desire and interference with the physiological responses leading to orgasm

45
Q

Hypoactive sexual desire

A

lack of sexual fantasies and lack of interest in sexual experiences

46
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Difficulties obtaining or maintaining an erection long enough to satisfy themselves and their partners during intercourse

47
Q

Inhibited sexual arousal

A

if she cannot either achieve or maintain genital responses, such as lubrication and swelling, that are necessary to complete sexual intercourse

48
Q

Orgasmic disorder

A

in women it is no genital sensations

49
Q

premature ejaculation

A

early ejaculation

50
Q

Sensate focus

A

a series of simple exercises in which the couple spends time in a quiet relaxed setting, learning to touch each other

51
Q

Paraphilia

A

any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with a phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partner

52
Q

Fetishistic disorder

A

the association of sexual arousal with nonliving objects

53
Q

Transvestic disorder

A

cross-dressing for the purpose of sexual arousal

54
Q

sexual masochism disorder

A

intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or impulses involving being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer

55
Q

Sexual sadism disorder

A

intense sexually arousing fantasies urges or behaviors that involve the psychology or physical suffering of a victim

56
Q

exhibitionistic disorder

A

arousal from the exposures of one’s genitals to unsuspecting persons

57
Q

Voyeuristic disorder

A

the act of observing an unsuspecting person usually a stranger, who is naked, or in th process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity

58
Q

Frotteuristic disorder

A

a person who is fully clothed becomes sexually aroused by touching or rubbing his genitals against other non consenting people.

59
Q

Pedophilic disorder

A

intense, sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child

60
Q

Gender Dysphoria

A

discomfort with one’s anatomical sex

61
Q

Gender Identity

A

sense of ourselves as being either male or female

62
Q

Schizophrenia

A

lost touch with reality, hearing voices, hard to follow, absurd ideas/beliefs

63
Q

Prodromal Phase

A

an obvious deterioration in role functioning, such as student, employee, or homemaker

64
Q

Positive symptoms

A

hallucinations and delusions

65
Q

Negative symptoms

A

characteristics such as lack of initiative, social withdrawal, and deficits in emotional responding

66
Q

disorganized symptoms

A

disorganized/incoherent speech

67
Q

Hallucinations

A

sensory experiences that are not caused by actual external stimuli

68
Q

Delusions

A

idiosyncratic beliefs that are rigidly held in spite of their preposterous nature

69
Q

Diminished emotional expression

A

flattening or restriction of the persons nonverbal display of emotion

70
Q

Anhedonia

A

inability to experience pleasure

71
Q

Avolition

A

indecisiveness, ambivalence and loss of will power

72
Q

Delusional disorder

A

do not meet the criteria for schizophrenia, but are preoccupied for at least one month with decisions that are not bizarre

73
Q

Brief psychotic disorder

A

decisions, hallucinations, disorganized speech , disorganized or catatonic behavior for at least one day but no more than a month

74
Q

Schizoaffective disorder

A

symptoms of patients who fall on the boundary between schizophrenia and mood disorder with psychotic features

75
Q

Expressed emotion (EE)

A

level of caring or hostility towards a patient that has been discharged from the hospital

76
Q

Vulnerability marker

A

must distinguish between people who already have Schizophrenia, and those who do not, must be stable over time, and it should identify more people among the biological relatives of schizophrenic patients opposed to gen pop

77
Q

Antipsychotic drugs

A

to reduce the severity of psychotic symptoms

Abnormal Psychology (5 decks)

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