Abnormal Psychology Final Exam Flashcards
All mental disorders involve personal distress, but mental health professionals are reluctant to define mental disorders based on this…
Subjective criterion
DSM-5 take a ____ approach to classification, treating disorders as if they are ____ from normal behavior
Categorical, qualitative
Communications between neurons occurs when ____ are released from the ___ of one neuron into the ____ and received at the receptors of another neuron
Neurotransmitters; axon terminal; synapse
In his blog, Allen Frances criticized DSM-5 primarily for:
Including too many fads in the list of diagnoses
Roger’s Client-centeres therapy is closely associated with the concept of
empathy
_____ is especially important to recognize in psychotherapy outcome research because it is impossible to conduct ____
the allegiance effect; double blind studies
True or False: DSM-5 classifies mental disorders based off of their cause.
False
“active, directive, nonjudgemental teacher” best describes what kind of therapist?
Cognitive-behavioral
Mental disorders appear to be polygenic. This means that:
You can still be “a little bit” depressed, ADHD, etc even if genes contribute substantially to mental disorders
I will use case studies in your Abnormal Psychology class because:
Case studies can provide informative descriptions and help you generate hypotheses
Random assignment is essential to an experiment to ensure that:
any difference between the groups was caused by the independent variable
Research on the cause of mental disorders almost always must use the _____ because ____.
Correlational study; factors thought to cause disorders cannot be manipulated practically or ethically.
Your roommate tells you that he saw a mental health professional who prescribed him the medication, Prozac, for his depression. Because you are in PSYCH 3410 you know that he almost certainly saw a…
psychiatrist
What is an argument against dualism?
All experience involves the brain, just like all computer software involves computer hardware
What is the best no treatment control group in psychotherapy outcome research?
This is a tricky question with no clear answer, because people will be in a “no treatment” group see “treatment” in the form of talking to friends or family, asking advice and so on…
According to Emery what is the most accurate statement about the classification of mental disorders?
Classification is basic to science, but the DSM-5 is still a work in progress
Suppose a trait is entirely determined by the shared environment. What would the expected concordance rate be for MZ & DZ
both 100%
You argue that an 89.9 should be an A, not a B. Your argument illustrates an important point about the diagnosis of mental disorders:
The cut off for diagnosing a mental disorder can be rather arbitrary
In a cartoon in th text, a doe rejects a buck with ordinary antlers for another buck with a real rack. She says, “It’s not you. It’s natural selection”. Not having a sense of humor you say?
Hey. She’s talking about sexual selection not natural selection.
Mental disorders are currently classified on the basis of:
descriptive features
the diagnosis of many mental disorders has low levels of reliability. This means that:
Two different mental health professionals often disagree about whether an individual has a disorder
Current understanding of the causes of most mental disorders is best described by the principle of equifinality yet Emery has hope that scientists may still discover single, identifiable causes for some mental disorders if:
New, narrow subtypes of current disorders are identified, as has occurred with intellectual disabilities
I conduct a study where I randomly assign 100 people with depression either to work with Albert Ellis doing Rational Emotive Therapy or Carl Rodgers doing Humanistic. Many people drop out of Ellis’s therapy but the results show that ones that did complete were significantly better than Rodgers. What can I conclude?
People are more likely to drop out of Ellis/rational therapy than Rodgers/Humanistic therapy
A resolution on the website of the American Psychological association stated “in contrast to large differences in outcome between those treated with psychotherapy and those not treated, different forms of psychotherapy typically similar outcomes.” this statement is most consistent with?
The “Dodo Bird” verdict
I’m really mad at you but i can’t admit it to myself. So instead I think you are really mad at me. this is an example of:
Projection
Does the diagnosis tell me anything about the cause, course, or best treatment disorder? This question is a concern about:
Validity
These are the notes of a therapist who is treating Frances, whose case of depression was described in the text: “client uses denial to protect herself from inner rage at family members.” the theoretical orientation of this therapist is most likely:
Psychodynamic
If getting a steroid injection reduces pain in my shoulder beyond chance levels, but I still hurt a lot and can’t play tennis, you would say that the treatment produces results that are
statistically significant but not clinically significant
Which of the following statements is true about medications used to treat psychological problems?
Medication can improve symptoms of many mental disorders, but people often must stay on the medications for long periods of time to maintain the benefit
In what way does the heat sensitive picture of the earth from spaces teach us to appreciate basic limitations in brain imaging techniques?
While impressive, the image illustrates limitations in meaning and degree of resolution
Girls who reach menarche at a younger age attract boys who are older and more interested in their physical appearance/sexuality compared to girls who reach menarche at an older age. This is an example of:
A gene-environment correlation
Using you new language from Psych 3410, you tell your girlfriend. “You’re all ___ (sex and aggression)!” Turns out she’s taking psych too. “She retorts, “you’re all ____(guilty)
ID, Superego
One theory is that anxiety is maintained by avoidance. You get anxious about doing something, avoid it, and avoidance lowers your anxiety. In operant conditioning terms, this is an example of:
Negative reinforcement
Which is an incorrect pairing?: Personality inventory-MMPI, Projective test-Rorschach inkblot, Brain imaging-MRI
All of them are correct!
Intellectual disabilities are some of the best diagnosed and understood mental disorders. Still, the terms of the disorder are often changed, as old terms come to cary stigma. Which concept best describes this phenomena?
Labeling theory
The textbook and lecture indicated which of the following about psychotherapy and placebo effects?
Since both placebos and psychotherapy produce change through psychological means, psychotherapy researchers need to study how placebos work
Compared with physical illnesses mental disorders rank where in terms of disease burden?
2 following cardiovascular disease and ahead of cancer
Scientists are now convinced that vaccines do not cause autism, but it is important to revisit this controversy because:
People are desperate for answers for mental disorders, and are susceptible to false promises;
bad information is readily available and easily spread;
you need to understand that the burden of proof falls on the proponent of any hypothesis
From The guardian reading, compared using CBT and psychoanalytic therapy in the treatment of bulimia. What is most accurate summary for the findings
CBT produces more improvements that PT even though CBT included only 20 sessions over 5 months while PT included weekly sessions for two years
The future of psychotherapy is to:
Develop and offer different treatments that work for different disorders
Ten years ago in the middle of the panic over vaccines and autism, the National institute of Child health and Human Development offered this cautiously worded statement despite several studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, “there is no evidence to date that the MMR vaccine causes autism” the cation reflects the fact that:
You can never accept the null hypothesis
the “objects from Emery’s desk drawer” demonstration was intended to illustrate:
There are different ways to classify things for different purposes
The most commonly used method for assessing psychological disorders is:
The clinical interview
In a cartoon in the text book a tearful dog patient says angrily to a cat psychotherapist. “You haven’t a clue what I’m talking about do you?” the main quality that the dog is complaining that the cat is lacking is:
Empathy
Which if the following is the best analogy from how the DSM-5 classifies mental disorders in terms of quantitative and qualitative differences?
deciding what heights we will call “short” versus “average or tall”
Frued and Erikson’s theories emphasize what essential feature that is overlooked by most other views of the cause of normal and abnormal behavior
Both underscore the importance of developmental stages
Why are brain imaging procedures not widely used for diagnosis of mental disorders?
There is no evidence that these procedures can be used to identify mental disorders
Which of the following most accurately represents the relationship between culture and the diagnosis of mental disorders?
Cultural values and beliefs influence what behaviors are considered to be abnormal
I find that people in unhappy close relationships are more likely to be depressed. I conclude that troubled relationships cause depression. What is true about this conclusion?
My conclusion might be right, depression might cause unhappy relationships, bad living circumstances might cause both depression and troubled relationships
based on lecture, the text, and outside readings which if the following is the most accurate about mental health professionals?
Mental health professionals disagree about the most effective treatments whether they produce long lasting change, and whether the success of psychotherapy is due to common factors or active ingredients
Repetetive, intrusive thoughts are called
Obsessions
An important problem with the so-called anti-anxiety medications is that
they are highly addictive
True or False: Repression is associated with increased psychophysiological reactions to stress
True
Depression is a syndrome, This means?
Depression involves a cluster of symptoms, not just sad mood
Some experts argue that multiple personalities are produced by iatrogenesis. The means that multiple personalities are caused by:
Treatment
A basic problem with defining stress in terms if an event is that:
The same event has been shown to cause different levels of life changes for different people
Why am I studying twins in my research on the link between marriage/marital status and depression?
To control for genetic and shared environment selection into marriage
Which diagnostic distinction for mood disorders has the most predictive validity in terms of treatment response
Depressive disorders versus bipolar disorders
The new york times video argued that the McMartin Preschool case showed that:
Media excess can create public hysteria even in the absence of hard evidence
True or false? Grieving is a creation of the human psyche
False!
The fact that ___ often are identified following the diagnosis of conversion disorders makes clear the problems involved in _____
Real physical illnesses; Diagnosis by exclusion
What research area focuses specifically on how psychological stress influences the immune system?
Psychoneuroimmunology
The serenity prayer (“god grant me the serenity to accept the things i cannot change; the courage to change the things I can; and wisdom to know the difference”) is a plea for the wisdom to know how to when to use _____ vs. _____
Problem focused coping; emotion focused coping
True or false? Anti depressant medication, cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy are all evidence based treatments for depression
True
Exposure and response prevention is an effective psychological treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder. the treatment involves:
Exposure to sources of anxiety (like source of “contamination”) and prevention of usual compulsive responses to exposure.
In lecture, I gave a case study of a young man who thought that, like basketball player Hank Gathers,he was about to have a massive heart attack based on an undiagnosed heart condition. His fears caused him to panic. This case was an example of:
catastrophic misinterpretation
In DSM-5, conversion disorders are classified as a type of:
Somatic symptom disorder
You prescribe antidepressants to one of your patients who calls two days later to rave about their benefits in lifting his obsessions. You suspect this is a placebo effect, because
Antidepressants generally take 4 to 6 weeks before producing psychological benefits
The JAMA article by Fournier et al (2010) on antidepressant medication (ADM) concluded that:
ADM produced small benefits relative to placebo for mild/moderate depression but large benefits for severe depression
Why did I bring up the distinction between exogenous and endogenous depression in lecture?
To illustrate limitations with current diagnosis as this theoretically sensible distinction cannot be made reliability
When rats are forced to swim in cold water from which they cannot escape
The animals that give up and appear “depressed” have depleted serotonin as a result of the experience
Systematic desensitization is a treatment for anxiety that involves:
Gradual exposure to fear situations in the imagination wile maintaining a relaxed state
George Franklin was convicted of the murder that occurred over 20 years earlier. His conviction was later overturned. what aspect of this case is of interest to psychologists?
His daughters “recovered memories” were the basis for Franklins convictions
You attend a lecture where an eminent authority shows all kinda of cool brain images showing differences between the brains of trauma victims and people not subjected to trauma. He says, “trauma causes brain damage” Using your critical thinking you ask him if he is aware of twin studies showing that:
MZ co-twins of people suffering from PTSD also show supposed “damage” to certain brain structures even thought they haven’t experienced no PTSD
The symptoms of conversion disorder often resemble
Neurological diseases
Researchers question assertions that dissociative identity disorder is far more common than assumed because:
Most cases are diagnosed by a handful of ardent advocates
The diagnosis grew rapidly following the popularity of the book and movie, Sybil
True or False: people who are more anxious and easily upset before a trauma are more likely to develop PTSD after a trauma
True
True or false: Anti anxiety drugs are the most common and effective medication for OCD
False
“the disruption in normally integrated processes in memory, consciousness, memory, or perception” is the definition of:
Dissociation
Feelings of extreme elation that are out of proportion to reality are a symptom of
Bipolar disorder
Many years ago, I became violently ill after eating a BLT sandwich in a dinner a BLT. But I don’t get upset about eating at dinners or eating with friends. This strong association of BLT and nausea is an example of
Preparedness
The key to the treatment of anxiety is ____ but____
exposure to the source of anxiety; exposure can be difficult to achieve
Mental health professionals here at UVA are trained to offer critical incident stress debriefing in the event that students should experience widespread trauma. Based on evidence from your text this intervention should:
Show no benefit for either ASD or PTSD, and perhaps produce harmful effects
In lecture, I discussed a case of “depression without insight” this case illustrated:
how some people can be depressed without experiences or recognizing a sad mood
Most people are resilient in the face of trauma. This means:
most people “bounce back” from the distress of trauma and do not develop PSTD
Cortisol, the “stress hormone”, functions like:
Steroids
Avoidance can be negatively reinforcing. This is a particular problem for:
Anxiety disorders
The highest rate of suicide in the US is found among
Older white men
“Stephanie” the former grad student who was sexually assaulted in the case in Chapter 7 allowed me to share her story to educate others. What best characterizes her willingness to allow me to put her case in the text?
Meaning Making
The new york times video on the treatment of Sybil, the famous case of multiple personality disorder, noted that her therapist:
Used hypnotic drugs while searching for hidden personalities, and Searched and suggested childhood trauma
What did the Collaborative Research Program for the Treatment of depression Find?
Substantial placebo effect was found, Antidepressants, CBT, and Interpersonal therapy all out preformed placebo, and all had substantial relapse rates
Compared to major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder is:
more chronic and less severe
The so called recovered memory movement assumed that the victims of child sexual abuse routinely suffered from:
dissociative amnesia
How does the DSM-5 define trauma?
Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence directly, witnessing in person occurring to others, learning that this occurred to someone close to you (involving violence), experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to details of events occurring to others (but not through media exposure)
Acute stress disorder was included in the DSM because:
It was hoed that early intervention would prevent the development of post traumatic stress disorder
the best most effective treatment for bipolar disorder involves
medication
Non-suicidal self-injury involves
Deliberate self-harm that may help regulate intense, negative emotion
What are some elements of therapy with suicidal people?
Reducing lethality, possibly including hospitalization
Negotiating agreements about postponing suicidal behavior
Arranging extra support from family and friends during the crisis
In lecture I questioned your textbooks excitement about the serotonin transporter gene and sensitivity to stress (and genetic linkage studies generally) because:
Other researchers have been unable to replicate exiting results
In lecture, I suggested an entirely new way to classify anxiety disorders might involve an evolutionary approach, for example, Freeze-Flight-Fight-Fright. What organization currently is also searching for an entirely new way of classifying and studying mental disorders
The National Institute for Mental Health
Your roommate tells you that his therapist suggested that she was “self medicating” with alcohol. The therapist means:
Your roommate was using alcohol to try to treat psychological troubles like anxiety
As was saw from my quick self test in class in evaluating drinking problems the two leading measures of alcohol difficulties both heavily rely on:
suggestions that you or others already think you have a problem
The need for admiration, grandiosity, lack of empathy, and exaggerated sense of self-importance describe:
Narcissists personality disorder
One key element of cognitive behavior therapy with bulimia is to normalize eating patters, so eating involves less dietary restraint. Why is this thought to be important?
Binge eating often is reaction to excessive dietary restraint
Endorphins are endogenous neuropeptides that are closely related chemically to
Morphine
An operational definition is
An empirical measure of a theoretical construct
Our class discussion about the overemphasis placed on women’s appearance, especially thinness, and what a father can do to encourage positive self-esteem and health in his daughter’s bear closest resemblance to:
The dissonance component of eating disorder prevention programs
Reverse anorexia and the Anonis complex are sometimes used to describe what problem in males?
Excessive emphasis on extreme muscularity
In the genetic quartile graphs the changing slope of the regression likes across quartiles of genetic risk for substance abuse provide evidence for:
A gene-environment interaction
In the genetic quartile graphs, the changing skew of the distribution graphs across quartiles of genetic risk provide evidence for:
A gene-environment correlation
which of the following is the most accurate summary of the survey results about sexual problems such as erectile failure, trouble with lubrication, premature ejaculation, or trouble reaching orgasm?
The problems are quite common occasionally occurring among 10-20% or more of the population
A researcher who seeks to identify early markers of schizophrenia in the hopes of preventing the disorder before it beings is most interested in the _____ of the disorder
Prodomal Phase
In the detailed case history if schizophrenia, I mentioned that J would call me at home. The fact that I could “talk him down” so that he could understand that his delusions were not real but a part of his disease showed:
That J had at least some insight into his illness
How does DSM-5 define an addiction?
DSM-5 does not distinguish addiction from other substance use problems
What are some problems with diagnosing personality disorders?
The diagnosis of most personality disorders is quiet unreliable
The line dividing abnormal from normal personality is unclear
The symptoms are typically ego synthetic, thus self-repots is suspect because people often do not view their symptoms as problems
The extended case history if schizophrenia (J&K) illustrated how:
Helpful improvements in functioning can be achieved with proper medication and coordinated therapeutic support
And the expression of anger (high expressed emotion), while understandable, can exacerbate symptoms
Gambling disorder is ____ in DSM-5
Included as a mental disorder in the chapter on substance related disorders
Which of the fooling pieces of evidence supports the conclusion that the image of women in popular culture plays a role in development of eating disorders?
Common in professions like models, actresses, dancers
It has increased in recent decades as the image of ideal women grows thinner
Exposure to media creates more body dissatisfaction
They are common among young women who are more susceptible to media influences
What is a key difference between anorexia and bulimia
Anorexia is a source of pride; bulimia is a source of shame
Borderline personality disorder refers to:
Someone with intense fear of abandonment, unstable relationships, impulsive behavior, and emotional instability.
True or false: High doses of cocaine or amphetamines can produce psychosis, at least temporarily
True
A common technique of sex therapy is Sensate focus which involves:
Practicing enjoying nonsexual physical contact with your partner
A dramatic style, excessive emotionality, attention seeking, inappropriate sexual seductiveness characterize:
Histrionic personality disorder
The powerful urge to use a drug and spending a great deal f time planning and acquiring it defines:
Craving
What is an example of a positive symptom of schizophrenia
Hallucinations
True or False?: Lower social class is more of a cause of schizophrenia than a consequence of the illness
False
The “five factor” model or “big five” refers to the five:
dimensions of normal personality
Is obesity an eating disorder listed in the DSM-5
No
In a study discussed in the text, Fairburn used interpersonal psychotherapy as a “placebo control group” despite the allegiance effect interpersonal psychotherapy surprised the researchers and was as effective as CBT in the long run. In this context, Placebo control group refers to ____ and “allegiance effect” refers to _____
A psychotherapy that researchers thought contained no “active ingredients”; evidence that treatments are found to work better when therapists and researchers believe they will work
Which are true about antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia:
- Need to take meds for a long time/life
- Relapse is common when ending meds
- Serious side effects may come from the prolonged use of the meds
All are true! lol
A demential model for classifying personality disorders was considered but the traditional system was maintained because the dimensional model was:
Simply too complicated
Detoxification involves
The gradual process of removing a drug when a patient has become dependent on it
Does this grouping of drugs make sense?: Hallucinogens include marijuana, LSD and PCP
NOPE
Wats et al argued that narcissism had a bright side. This bright side is:
Narcissists can become effective leaders who are effective at selling their ideas
Susan a 19 yr old w/BMI of 17. She is obsessed with being healthy and is terrified of gaining weight if she breaks her eating rituals. She insists that she looks pretty good but would look better if she dropped a few more pounds. She describes eating 2 cookies as a binge. What would you diagnose her?
Anorexia Nervosa
Which of these are accurate about the treatment of alcoholism and substance abuse?:
- Short term improvements are common, but so is relapse
- While there is no evidence that AA works, they seem to achieve abstinence
- People who reduce consumption typically improve on their health and life functioning too
All are trueeee!
Which of these is a compensatory behavior that is a part of bulimia nervosa?:
- Self induced vomitting
- Intensive excursive
- Rigid fasting
All are Compensatory behaviors!
What is the evolutionary account of schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia is difficult to explain in evolutionary terms, as the symptoms seem to have no adaptive purpose
What evidence would make K (or any parent), whose husband J has suffered from schizophrenia, worry about the well being of their children?
Children who have a biological parent with schizophrenia are about 15 times more likely to suffer from it too
Which co-morbid problem often occurs with bulimia nervosa and is often an important focus of treatment
Depression
ADH and ALDH genes which are found mostly in Asians have been shown to have what effect on Alcoholism?
They protect against the development of alcoholism by causing an adverse reaction to alcohol consumption
Hyperactive sexual drive disorder:
Is not included in DSM-5
The personality disorder that is closest to being a synonym for psychopathy is:
Antisocial personality disorder
True or False?: Both Anorexia and Bulimia are ego syntonic, which makes treatment difficult
False
What is the first step to of AA 12-step program?
admitting that you are powerless over alcohol and unable to manage drinking on you own
What is the central problem in paraphilias?
Sexual arousal is detached from a reciprocal, loving adult relationship
You read on original study about long term effects of DARE. What is an accurate summary of the study’s findings?
Dare has no effect on drug use or other targets such as resistance to peer pressure
MZ twins have a concordance rate for schizophrenia of ___ suggesting that _____
about 50%; Environmental influences interact with genetic risks to cause the disorder
Assertive community Treatment for schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses involves:
Actively engaging outpatients, including assertive efforts like home visits , to insure compliance with treatment such as taking meds
Which of the following characterizes a man with gender identity disorder?
Believed that, in spite of his anatomy, he is more like a woman
Compared to the DSM-IV definition of autism spectrum disorder is like:
changing the cur off for intellectual disability from 70 to 85
In 2010, Teresa Lewis was executed in Virginia for being a “mastermind” in a plot to kill her husband. Her tested IQ was 72. Based on a 2014 US Supreme Ct Rulling her case may have reached a different outcome today because the 2014 supreme ct ruled:
A strict cut off of 70 cannot be used to exclude a potential diagnosis of intellectual disability for death penalty considerations
Which of these is true about psychostimulants?:
- research shows that medication is beneficial in 70% of cases
- meds are significantly more effective than alternative BT (in short run)
- they are relatively cheap
- they work fast
TRUUUU
Understanding normal behavior within the context of normal developments the definition of:
Developmental psychopathology
What us an example of Primary Prevention of intellectual disabilities?
Vaccinations for rubella
Which condition is comorbid with classic autism in the majority of cases?
an intellectual disability
which of these would be the most effective reinforcement in an ABA program for treating autism?
The child’s favorite food
How does DSM-5 classify childhood disorders
There is no longer a separate classification for childhood disorders
What are status offenses?
acts that are illegal only illegal if you are a minor
In ADHD, hyperactivity is most notable in:
structured situations
How should we characterize separation anxiety in a 1yr old child
as a normal fear
What happens if a person is found incompetent to stand for trial?
proceedings are postponed until the person is competent
Which disorder is a mitigating factor that makes the death penalty unconstitutional?
an intellectual disability
Which of the following is not a criterion for civil commitment in any state?
Inability to know right from wrong
Attempts so predict violence are specially likely to result in what type of Error?
high false positive rates
The percentage of patients who commit acts of violence is highest among patients with which type of disorder?
Substance abuse/dependence
about how many people seen in psychological treatment do not meet criteria for the diagnosis for any mental disorder?
50%
Trisomy 21 is another name for
Down syndrome
According to Erik Erikson, the resolution of the identity crisis typically occurs during ____; Contemporary views suggest that the identity crisis actually_____
adolescence; may not be resolved until todays young people are well into their 20s
Family life cycle refers to the:
developmental course of changing family relationships
what is an accurate statement of predicted demographic trends in the 21st century?
The proportion of the oldest-old will grow rapidly
The two broad, philosophical grounds for civil commitment are the state’s____ and it’s____.
Duty to protect its citizens (parens patriae); police power
In the case Buck V. Bel, concerns with eugenics, the united states supreme court:
upheld virginias forced sterilization laws
I referred to “classic autism” in class. The New York Times outside reading referred to “Classic” ADHD. Why is it important to refer to classic in these two instances?
Definitions of the disorders have expended so rapidly that it is necessary to refer to past narrower (classic) diagnoses
Which of the following is not a concern about the diagnosis and/ treatment of psychological disorders in childhood?:
- Parents and children disagree on about the nature/existence
- Parents/teachers/others disagree about the nature/existence
- behavior that is normal changes with age
- Children’s behavior is strongly influenced by family, school, and peers
They are all concerns lol
While deciding custody according the “children best interests” principle sounds appealing, the legal standard had the problem that…
“best” is poorly defined
Trur or False?: The following is a libertarian position in relation to mental health and the law: Mental patients should be hospitalized i they are unable to care for themselves
False
The insanity defense is raised in about what percentage of criminal trials?
1%
Which of the following was never a grounds for the insanity defense?:
- Inability to distinguish right from wrong
- Experiencing an “irresistible impulse”, an inability to control your actions
- the behavior was a product of a mental illness
All of them have been grounds for insanity
Your text offered this quote from an advocate of ____ “freedom to be insane is an illusionary freedom, a cruel hoax perpetuated on this who cannot think clearly by those who will not think clearly”
Greater paternalism in treating the mentally ill
An advance psychiatric directive is:
A legal instrument complete by mental health patients about their treatment preferences in the event that they become psychotic
Knowing______ is not only essential for assessing potential psychological disorders of child hood by also for judging adult behavior wishing the context of adult development
Developmental norms
Rational Suicide is:
A controversial term for suicides among those facing painful, terminal illness, particularly older adults
if the cut off for and intellectual disability is two standard deviations below the mean and IQ scores are normally distributed, this means that that percentage of the population falls below this IQ cut off?
2-3%
In addition to an IQ test, which of the fooling instruments might be critical to making a diagnosis of an intellectual disability
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales
Approximately what percentage of cases of intellectual disability can be attributed to known biological abnormalities
50 percent
The New York Times Magazine article, “selling Attention Deficit Disorder” attributed the increased use of psychostimulant medication in the treatment of ADHD to:
Broad definitions, Drug companies marketing to drs and parents, increased diagnosis of adult ADHD
Expert Witnesses:
can testify to opinion not just fact
The prevalence of depression among older adults is
Lower than among younger adults
In a few years you’ll see headlines like “autism spectrum disorders have far better outcome than previously thought” Because you took this class, I hope you will remember to attribute this to:
A much broader definition of autism spectrum that includes more high functioning cases
Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development includes:
development during both childhood and adulthood, as well as a central conflict for each stage
According to your text perhaps the two keys to successful adjustment to later life are:
maintaining good physical heath, maintaining close relationships with family and friends
What medication had a black box warning for adolescents and why?
Antidepressants, they may increase suicidal thoughts among adolescents
In DSM-5 an adjustment disorder is:
Clinically significant in response to stress that are not severe enough to be diagnosed as a mental disorder
What is true about emotional pain?
The same brain regions are involved in experiencing some types of both emotional and physical pain
I routinely advise undergraduates to take a couple years off before starting grad school to make sure they are going to do what they wanna do. What is this time period called?
A moratorium
True or False?: Scapegoating is the first relational diagnosis to appear in DSM-5, albeit in the appendix of “conditions requiring further study”
False
There are two different ways of classifying intellectual disabilities, one based on____ and the other based on____
Cause, IQ
The square root of the average squared distance from the mean in a distribution of scores:
Standard Deviation
