Abnormal Psychology Final Exam

Question 1

All mental disorders involve personal distress, but mental health professionals are reluctant to define mental disorders based on this…

Answer 1

Subjective criterion

Question 2

DSM-5 take a ____ approach to classification, treating disorders as if they are ____ from normal behavior

Answer 2

Categorical, qualitative

Question 3

Communications between neurons occurs when ____ are released from the ___ of one neuron into the ____ and received at the receptors of another neuron

Answer 3

Neurotransmitters; axon terminal; synapse

Question 4

In his blog, Allen Frances criticized DSM-5 primarily for:

Answer 4

Including too many fads in the list of diagnoses

Question 5

Roger’s Client-centeres therapy is closely associated with the concept of

Answer 5

empathy

Question 6

_____ is especially important to recognize in psychotherapy outcome research because it is impossible to conduct ____

Answer 6

the allegiance effect; double blind studies

Question 7

True or False: DSM-5 classifies mental disorders based off of their cause.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

“active, directive, nonjudgemental teacher” best describes what kind of therapist?

Answer 8

Cognitive-behavioral

Question 9

Mental disorders appear to be polygenic. This means that:

Answer 9

You can still be “a little bit” depressed, ADHD, etc even if genes contribute substantially to mental disorders

Question 10

I will use case studies in your Abnormal Psychology class because:

Answer 10

Case studies can provide informative descriptions and help you generate hypotheses

Question 11

Random assignment is essential to an experiment to ensure that:

Answer 11

any difference between the groups was caused by the independent variable

Question 12

Research on the cause of mental disorders almost always must use the _____ because ____.

Answer 12

Correlational study; factors thought to cause disorders cannot be manipulated practically or ethically.

Question 13

Your roommate tells you that he saw a mental health professional who prescribed him the medication, Prozac, for his depression. Because you are in PSYCH 3410 you know that he almost certainly saw a…

Answer 13

psychiatrist

Question 14

What is an argument against dualism?

Answer 14

All experience involves the brain, just like all computer software involves computer hardware

Question 15

What is the best no treatment control group in psychotherapy outcome research?

Answer 15

This is a tricky question with no clear answer, because people will be in a “no treatment” group see “treatment” in the form of talking to friends or family, asking advice and so on…

Question 16

According to Emery what is the most accurate statement about the classification of mental disorders?

Answer 16

Classification is basic to science, but the DSM-5 is still a work in progress

Question 17

Suppose a trait is entirely determined by the shared environment. What would the expected concordance rate be for MZ & DZ

Answer 17

both 100%

Question 18

You argue that an 89.9 should be an A, not a B. Your argument illustrates an important point about the diagnosis of mental disorders:

Answer 18

The cut off for diagnosing a mental disorder can be rather arbitrary

Question 19

In a cartoon in th text, a doe rejects a buck with ordinary antlers for another buck with a real rack. She says, “It’s not you. It’s natural selection”. Not having a sense of humor you say?

Answer 19

Hey. She’s talking about sexual selection not natural selection.

Question 20

Mental disorders are currently classified on the basis of:

Answer 20

descriptive features

Question 21

the diagnosis of many mental disorders has low levels of reliability. This means that:

Answer 21

Two different mental health professionals often disagree about whether an individual has a disorder

Question 22

Current understanding of the causes of most mental disorders is best described by the principle of equifinality yet Emery has hope that scientists may still discover single, identifiable causes for some mental disorders if:

Answer 22

New, narrow subtypes of current disorders are identified, as has occurred with intellectual disabilities

Question 23

I conduct a study where I randomly assign 100 people with depression either to work with Albert Ellis doing Rational Emotive Therapy or Carl Rodgers doing Humanistic. Many people drop out of Ellis’s therapy but the results show that ones that did complete were significantly better than Rodgers. What can I conclude?

Answer 23

People are more likely to drop out of Ellis/rational therapy than Rodgers/Humanistic therapy

Question 24

A resolution on the website of the American Psychological association stated “in contrast to large differences in outcome between those treated with psychotherapy and those not treated, different forms of psychotherapy typically similar outcomes.” this statement is most consistent with?

Answer 24

The “Dodo Bird” verdict

Question 25

I’m really mad at you but i can’t admit it to myself. So instead I think you are really mad at me. this is an example of:

Answer 25

Projection

Question 26

Does the diagnosis tell me anything about the cause, course, or best treatment disorder? This question is a concern about:

Answer 26

Validity

Question 27

These are the notes of a therapist who is treating Frances, whose case of depression was described in the text: “client uses denial to protect herself from inner rage at family members.” the theoretical orientation of this therapist is most likely:

Answer 27

Psychodynamic

Question 28

If getting a steroid injection reduces pain in my shoulder beyond chance levels, but I still hurt a lot and can’t play tennis, you would say that the treatment produces results that are

Answer 28

statistically significant but not clinically significant

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true about medications used to treat psychological problems?

Answer 29

Medication can improve symptoms of many mental disorders, but people often must stay on the medications for long periods of time to maintain the benefit

Question 30

In what way does the heat sensitive picture of the earth from spaces teach us to appreciate basic limitations in brain imaging techniques?

Answer 30

While impressive, the image illustrates limitations in meaning and degree of resolution

Question 31

Girls who reach menarche at a younger age attract boys who are older and more interested in their physical appearance/sexuality compared to girls who reach menarche at an older age. This is an example of:

Answer 31

A gene-environment correlation

Question 32

Using you new language from Psych 3410, you tell your girlfriend. “You’re all ___ (sex and aggression)!” Turns out she’s taking psych too. “She retorts, “you’re all ____(guilty)

Answer 32

ID, Superego

Question 33

One theory is that anxiety is maintained by avoidance. You get anxious about doing something, avoid it, and avoidance lowers your anxiety. In operant conditioning terms, this is an example of:

Answer 33

Negative reinforcement

Question 34

Which is an incorrect pairing?: Personality inventory-MMPI, Projective test-Rorschach inkblot, Brain imaging-MRI

Answer 34

All of them are correct!

Question 35

Intellectual disabilities are some of the best diagnosed and understood mental disorders. Still, the terms of the disorder are often changed, as old terms come to cary stigma. Which concept best describes this phenomena?

Answer 35

Labeling theory

Question 36

The textbook and lecture indicated which of the following about psychotherapy and placebo effects?

Answer 36

Since both placebos and psychotherapy produce change through psychological means, psychotherapy researchers need to study how placebos work

Question 37

Compared with physical illnesses mental disorders rank where in terms of disease burden?

Answer 37

2 following cardiovascular disease and ahead of cancer

Question 38

Scientists are now convinced that vaccines do not cause autism, but it is important to revisit this controversy because:

Answer 38

People are desperate for answers for mental disorders, and are susceptible to false promises;
bad information is readily available and easily spread;
you need to understand that the burden of proof falls on the proponent of any hypothesis

Question 39

From The guardian reading, compared using CBT and psychoanalytic therapy in the treatment of bulimia. What is most accurate summary for the findings

Answer 39

CBT produces more improvements that PT even though CBT included only 20 sessions over 5 months while PT included weekly sessions for two years

Question 40

The future of psychotherapy is to:

Answer 40

Develop and offer different treatments that work for different disorders

Question 41

Ten years ago in the middle of the panic over vaccines and autism, the National institute of Child health and Human Development offered this cautiously worded statement despite several studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, “there is no evidence to date that the MMR vaccine causes autism” the cation reflects the fact that:

Answer 41

You can never accept the null hypothesis

Question 42

the “objects from Emery’s desk drawer” demonstration was intended to illustrate:

Answer 42

There are different ways to classify things for different purposes

Question 43

The most commonly used method for assessing psychological disorders is:

Answer 43

The clinical interview

Question 44

In a cartoon in the text book a tearful dog patient says angrily to a cat psychotherapist. “You haven’t a clue what I’m talking about do you?” the main quality that the dog is complaining that the cat is lacking is:

Answer 44

Empathy

Question 45

Which if the following is the best analogy from how the DSM-5 classifies mental disorders in terms of quantitative and qualitative differences?

Answer 45

deciding what heights we will call “short” versus “average or tall”

Question 46

Frued and Erikson’s theories emphasize what essential feature that is overlooked by most other views of the cause of normal and abnormal behavior

Answer 46

Both underscore the importance of developmental stages

Question 47

Why are brain imaging procedures not widely used for diagnosis of mental disorders?

Answer 47

There is no evidence that these procedures can be used to identify mental disorders

Question 48

Which of the following most accurately represents the relationship between culture and the diagnosis of mental disorders?

Answer 48

Cultural values and beliefs influence what behaviors are considered to be abnormal

Question 49

I find that people in unhappy close relationships are more likely to be depressed. I conclude that troubled relationships cause depression. What is true about this conclusion?

Answer 49

My conclusion might be right, depression might cause unhappy relationships, bad living circumstances might cause both depression and troubled relationships

Question 50

based on lecture, the text, and outside readings which if the following is the most accurate about mental health professionals?

Answer 50

Mental health professionals disagree about the most effective treatments whether they produce long lasting change, and whether the success of psychotherapy is due to common factors or active ingredients

Question 51

Repetetive, intrusive thoughts are called

Answer 51

Obsessions

Question 52

An important problem with the so-called anti-anxiety medications is that

Answer 52

they are highly addictive

Question 53

True or False: Repression is associated with increased psychophysiological reactions to stress

Answer 53

True

Question 54

Depression is a syndrome, This means?

Answer 54

Depression involves a cluster of symptoms, not just sad mood

Question 55

Some experts argue that multiple personalities are produced by iatrogenesis. The means that multiple personalities are caused by:

Answer 55

Treatment

Question 56

A basic problem with defining stress in terms if an event is that:

Answer 56

The same event has been shown to cause different levels of life changes for different people

Question 57

Why am I studying twins in my research on the link between marriage/marital status and depression?

Answer 57

To control for genetic and shared environment selection into marriage

Question 58

Which diagnostic distinction for mood disorders has the most predictive validity in terms of treatment response

Answer 58

Depressive disorders versus bipolar disorders

Question 59

The new york times video argued that the McMartin Preschool case showed that:

Answer 59

Media excess can create public hysteria even in the absence of hard evidence

Question 60

True or false? Grieving is a creation of the human psyche

Answer 60

False!

Question 61

The fact that ___ often are identified following the diagnosis of conversion disorders makes clear the problems involved in _____

Answer 61

Real physical illnesses; Diagnosis by exclusion

Question 62

What research area focuses specifically on how psychological stress influences the immune system?

Answer 62

Psychoneuroimmunology

Question 63

The serenity prayer (“god grant me the serenity to accept the things i cannot change; the courage to change the things I can; and wisdom to know the difference”) is a plea for the wisdom to know how to when to use _____ vs. _____

Answer 63

Problem focused coping; emotion focused coping

Question 64

True or false? Anti depressant medication, cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy are all evidence based treatments for depression

Answer 64

True

Question 65

Exposure and response prevention is an effective psychological treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder. the treatment involves:

Answer 65

Exposure to sources of anxiety (like source of “contamination”) and prevention of usual compulsive responses to exposure.

Question 66

In lecture, I gave a case study of a young man who thought that, like basketball player Hank Gathers,he was about to have a massive heart attack based on an undiagnosed heart condition. His fears caused him to panic. This case was an example of:

Answer 66

catastrophic misinterpretation

Question 67

In DSM-5, conversion disorders are classified as a type of:

Answer 67

Somatic symptom disorder

Question 68

You prescribe antidepressants to one of your patients who calls two days later to rave about their benefits in lifting his obsessions. You suspect this is a placebo effect, because

Answer 68

Antidepressants generally take 4 to 6 weeks before producing psychological benefits

Question 69

The JAMA article by Fournier et al (2010) on antidepressant medication (ADM) concluded that:

Answer 69

ADM produced small benefits relative to placebo for mild/moderate depression but large benefits for severe depression

Question 70

Why did I bring up the distinction between exogenous and endogenous depression in lecture?

Answer 70

To illustrate limitations with current diagnosis as this theoretically sensible distinction cannot be made reliability

Question 71

When rats are forced to swim in cold water from which they cannot escape

Answer 71

The animals that give up and appear “depressed” have depleted serotonin as a result of the experience

Question 72

Systematic desensitization is a treatment for anxiety that involves:

Answer 72

Gradual exposure to fear situations in the imagination wile maintaining a relaxed state

Question 73

George Franklin was convicted of the murder that occurred over 20 years earlier. His conviction was later overturned. what aspect of this case is of interest to psychologists?

Answer 73

His daughters “recovered memories” were the basis for Franklins convictions

Question 74

You attend a lecture where an eminent authority shows all kinda of cool brain images showing differences between the brains of trauma victims and people not subjected to trauma. He says, “trauma causes brain damage” Using your critical thinking you ask him if he is aware of twin studies showing that:

Answer 74

MZ co-twins of people suffering from PTSD also show supposed “damage” to certain brain structures even thought they haven’t experienced no PTSD

Question 75

The symptoms of conversion disorder often resemble

Answer 75

Neurological diseases

Question 76

Researchers question assertions that dissociative identity disorder is far more common than assumed because:

Answer 76

Most cases are diagnosed by a handful of ardent advocates

The diagnosis grew rapidly following the popularity of the book and movie, Sybil

Question 77

True or False: people who are more anxious and easily upset before a trauma are more likely to develop PTSD after a trauma

Answer 77

True

Question 78

True or false: Anti anxiety drugs are the most common and effective medication for OCD

Answer 78

False

Question 79

“the disruption in normally integrated processes in memory, consciousness, memory, or perception” is the definition of:

Answer 79

Dissociation

Question 80

Feelings of extreme elation that are out of proportion to reality are a symptom of

Answer 80

Bipolar disorder

Question 81

Many years ago, I became violently ill after eating a BLT sandwich in a dinner a BLT. But I don’t get upset about eating at dinners or eating with friends. This strong association of BLT and nausea is an example of

Answer 81

Preparedness

Question 82

The key to the treatment of anxiety is ____ but____

Answer 82

exposure to the source of anxiety; exposure can be difficult to achieve

Question 83

Mental health professionals here at UVA are trained to offer critical incident stress debriefing in the event that students should experience widespread trauma. Based on evidence from your text this intervention should:

Answer 83

Show no benefit for either ASD or PTSD, and perhaps produce harmful effects

Question 84

In lecture, I discussed a case of “depression without insight” this case illustrated:

Answer 84

how some people can be depressed without experiences or recognizing a sad mood

Question 85

Most people are resilient in the face of trauma. This means:

Answer 85

most people “bounce back” from the distress of trauma and do not develop PSTD

Question 86

Cortisol, the “stress hormone”, functions like:

Answer 86

Steroids

Question 87

Avoidance can be negatively reinforcing. This is a particular problem for:

Answer 87

Anxiety disorders

Question 88

The highest rate of suicide in the US is found among

Answer 88

Older white men

Question 89

“Stephanie” the former grad student who was sexually assaulted in the case in Chapter 7 allowed me to share her story to educate others. What best characterizes her willingness to allow me to put her case in the text?

Answer 89

Meaning Making

Question 90

The new york times video on the treatment of Sybil, the famous case of multiple personality disorder, noted that her therapist:

Answer 90

Used hypnotic drugs while searching for hidden personalities, and Searched and suggested childhood trauma

Question 91

What did the Collaborative Research Program for the Treatment of depression Find?

Answer 91

Substantial placebo effect was found, Antidepressants, CBT, and Interpersonal therapy all out preformed placebo, and all had substantial relapse rates

Question 92

Compared to major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder is:

Answer 92

more chronic and less severe

Question 93

The so called recovered memory movement assumed that the victims of child sexual abuse routinely suffered from:

Answer 93

dissociative amnesia

Question 94

How does the DSM-5 define trauma?

Answer 94

Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence directly, witnessing in person occurring to others, learning that this occurred to someone close to you (involving violence), experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to details of events occurring to others (but not through media exposure)

Question 95

Acute stress disorder was included in the DSM because:

Answer 95

It was hoed that early intervention would prevent the development of post traumatic stress disorder

Question 96

the best most effective treatment for bipolar disorder involves

Answer 96

medication

Question 97

Non-suicidal self-injury involves

Answer 97

Deliberate self-harm that may help regulate intense, negative emotion

Question 98

What are some elements of therapy with suicidal people?

Answer 98

Reducing lethality, possibly including hospitalization
Negotiating agreements about postponing suicidal behavior
Arranging extra support from family and friends during the crisis

Question 99

In lecture I questioned your textbooks excitement about the serotonin transporter gene and sensitivity to stress (and genetic linkage studies generally) because:

Answer 99

Other researchers have been unable to replicate exiting results

Question 100

In lecture, I suggested an entirely new way to classify anxiety disorders might involve an evolutionary approach, for example, Freeze-Flight-Fight-Fright. What organization currently is also searching for an entirely new way of classifying and studying mental disorders

Answer 100

The National Institute for Mental Health

Question 101

Your roommate tells you that his therapist suggested that she was “self medicating” with alcohol. The therapist means:

Answer 101

Your roommate was using alcohol to try to treat psychological troubles like anxiety

Question 102

As was saw from my quick self test in class in evaluating drinking problems the two leading measures of alcohol difficulties both heavily rely on:

Answer 102

suggestions that you or others already think you have a problem

Question 103

The need for admiration, grandiosity, lack of empathy, and exaggerated sense of self-importance describe:

Answer 103

Narcissists personality disorder

Question 104

One key element of cognitive behavior therapy with bulimia is to normalize eating patters, so eating involves less dietary restraint. Why is this thought to be important?

Answer 104

Binge eating often is reaction to excessive dietary restraint

Question 105

Endorphins are endogenous neuropeptides that are closely related chemically to

Answer 105

Morphine

Question 106

An operational definition is

Answer 106

An empirical measure of a theoretical construct

Question 107

Our class discussion about the overemphasis placed on women’s appearance, especially thinness, and what a father can do to encourage positive self-esteem and health in his daughter’s bear closest resemblance to:

Answer 107

The dissonance component of eating disorder prevention programs

Question 108

Reverse anorexia and the Anonis complex are sometimes used to describe what problem in males?

Answer 108

Excessive emphasis on extreme muscularity

Question 109

In the genetic quartile graphs the changing slope of the regression likes across quartiles of genetic risk for substance abuse provide evidence for:

Answer 109

A gene-environment interaction

Question 110

In the genetic quartile graphs, the changing skew of the distribution graphs across quartiles of genetic risk provide evidence for:

Answer 110

A gene-environment correlation

Question 111

which of the following is the most accurate summary of the survey results about sexual problems such as erectile failure, trouble with lubrication, premature ejaculation, or trouble reaching orgasm?

Answer 111

The problems are quite common occasionally occurring among 10-20% or more of the population

Question 112

A researcher who seeks to identify early markers of schizophrenia in the hopes of preventing the disorder before it beings is most interested in the _____ of the disorder

Answer 112

Prodomal Phase

Question 113

In the detailed case history if schizophrenia, I mentioned that J would call me at home. The fact that I could “talk him down” so that he could understand that his delusions were not real but a part of his disease showed:

Answer 113

That J had at least some insight into his illness

Question 114

How does DSM-5 define an addiction?

Answer 114

DSM-5 does not distinguish addiction from other substance use problems

Question 115

What are some problems with diagnosing personality disorders?

Answer 115

The diagnosis of most personality disorders is quiet unreliable
The line dividing abnormal from normal personality is unclear
The symptoms are typically ego synthetic, thus self-repots is suspect because people often do not view their symptoms as problems

Question 116

The extended case history if schizophrenia (J&K) illustrated how:

Answer 116

Helpful improvements in functioning can be achieved with proper medication and coordinated therapeutic support
And the expression of anger (high expressed emotion), while understandable, can exacerbate symptoms

Question 117

Gambling disorder is ____ in DSM-5

Answer 117

Included as a mental disorder in the chapter on substance related disorders

Question 118

Which of the fooling pieces of evidence supports the conclusion that the image of women in popular culture plays a role in development of eating disorders?

Answer 118

Common in professions like models, actresses, dancers
It has increased in recent decades as the image of ideal women grows thinner
Exposure to media creates more body dissatisfaction
They are common among young women who are more susceptible to media influences

Question 119

What is a key difference between anorexia and bulimia

Answer 119

Anorexia is a source of pride; bulimia is a source of shame

Question 120

Borderline personality disorder refers to:

Answer 120

Someone with intense fear of abandonment, unstable relationships, impulsive behavior, and emotional instability.

Question 121

True or false: High doses of cocaine or amphetamines can produce psychosis, at least temporarily

Answer 121

True

Question 122

A common technique of sex therapy is Sensate focus which involves:

Answer 122

Practicing enjoying nonsexual physical contact with your partner

Question 123

A dramatic style, excessive emotionality, attention seeking, inappropriate sexual seductiveness characterize:

Answer 123

Histrionic personality disorder

Question 124

The powerful urge to use a drug and spending a great deal f time planning and acquiring it defines:

Answer 124

Craving

Question 125

What is an example of a positive symptom of schizophrenia

Answer 125

Hallucinations

Question 126

True or False?: Lower social class is more of a cause of schizophrenia than a consequence of the illness

Answer 126

False

Question 127

The “five factor” model or “big five” refers to the five:

Answer 127

dimensions of normal personality

Question 128

Is obesity an eating disorder listed in the DSM-5

Answer 128

No

Question 129

In a study discussed in the text, Fairburn used interpersonal psychotherapy as a “placebo control group” despite the allegiance effect interpersonal psychotherapy surprised the researchers and was as effective as CBT in the long run. In this context, Placebo control group refers to ____ and “allegiance effect” refers to _____

Answer 129

A psychotherapy that researchers thought contained no “active ingredients”; evidence that treatments are found to work better when therapists and researchers believe they will work

Question 130

Which are true about antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia:

• Need to take meds for a long time/life
• Relapse is common when ending meds
• Serious side effects may come from the prolonged use of the meds

Answer 130

All are true! lol

Question 131

A demential model for classifying personality disorders was considered but the traditional system was maintained because the dimensional model was:

Answer 131

Simply too complicated

Question 132

Detoxification involves

Answer 132

The gradual process of removing a drug when a patient has become dependent on it

Question 133

Does this grouping of drugs make sense?: Hallucinogens include marijuana, LSD and PCP

Answer 133

NOPE

Question 134

Wats et al argued that narcissism had a bright side. This bright side is:

Answer 134

Narcissists can become effective leaders who are effective at selling their ideas

Question 135

Susan a 19 yr old w/BMI of 17. She is obsessed with being healthy and is terrified of gaining weight if she breaks her eating rituals. She insists that she looks pretty good but would look better if she dropped a few more pounds. She describes eating 2 cookies as a binge. What would you diagnose her?

Answer 135

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 136

Which of these are accurate about the treatment of alcoholism and substance abuse?:

• Short term improvements are common, but so is relapse
• While there is no evidence that AA works, they seem to achieve abstinence
• People who reduce consumption typically improve on their health and life functioning too

Answer 136

All are trueeee!

Question 137

Which of these is a compensatory behavior that is a part of bulimia nervosa?:

• Self induced vomitting
• Intensive excursive
• Rigid fasting

Answer 137

All are Compensatory behaviors!

Question 138

What is the evolutionary account of schizophrenia?

Answer 138

Schizophrenia is difficult to explain in evolutionary terms, as the symptoms seem to have no adaptive purpose

Question 139

What evidence would make K (or any parent), whose husband J has suffered from schizophrenia, worry about the well being of their children?

Answer 139

Children who have a biological parent with schizophrenia are about 15 times more likely to suffer from it too

Question 140

Which co-morbid problem often occurs with bulimia nervosa and is often an important focus of treatment

Answer 140

Depression

Question 141

ADH and ALDH genes which are found mostly in Asians have been shown to have what effect on Alcoholism?

Answer 141

They protect against the development of alcoholism by causing an adverse reaction to alcohol consumption

Question 142

Hyperactive sexual drive disorder:

Answer 142

Is not included in DSM-5

Question 143

The personality disorder that is closest to being a synonym for psychopathy is:

Answer 143

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 144

True or False?: Both Anorexia and Bulimia are ego syntonic, which makes treatment difficult

Answer 144

False

Question 145

What is the first step to of AA 12-step program?

Answer 145

admitting that you are powerless over alcohol and unable to manage drinking on you own

Question 146

What is the central problem in paraphilias?

Answer 146

Sexual arousal is detached from a reciprocal, loving adult relationship

Question 147

You read on original study about long term effects of DARE. What is an accurate summary of the study’s findings?

Answer 147

Dare has no effect on drug use or other targets such as resistance to peer pressure

Question 148

MZ twins have a concordance rate for schizophrenia of ___ suggesting that _____

Answer 148

about 50%; Environmental influences interact with genetic risks to cause the disorder

Question 149

Assertive community Treatment for schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses involves:

Answer 149

Actively engaging outpatients, including assertive efforts like home visits , to insure compliance with treatment such as taking meds

Question 150

Which of the following characterizes a man with gender identity disorder?

Answer 150

Believed that, in spite of his anatomy, he is more like a woman

Question 151

Compared to the DSM-IV definition of autism spectrum disorder is like:

Answer 151

changing the cur off for intellectual disability from 70 to 85

Question 152

In 2010, Teresa Lewis was executed in Virginia for being a “mastermind” in a plot to kill her husband. Her tested IQ was 72. Based on a 2014 US Supreme Ct Rulling her case may have reached a different outcome today because the 2014 supreme ct ruled:

Answer 152

A strict cut off of 70 cannot be used to exclude a potential diagnosis of intellectual disability for death penalty considerations

Question 153

Which of these is true about psychostimulants?:

• research shows that medication is beneficial in 70% of cases
• meds are significantly more effective than alternative BT (in short run)
• they are relatively cheap
• they work fast

Answer 153

TRUUUU

Question 154

Understanding normal behavior within the context of normal developments the definition of:

Answer 154

Developmental psychopathology

Question 155

What us an example of Primary Prevention of intellectual disabilities?

Answer 155

Vaccinations for rubella

Question 156

Which condition is comorbid with classic autism in the majority of cases?

Answer 156

an intellectual disability

Question 157

which of these would be the most effective reinforcement in an ABA program for treating autism?

Answer 157

The child’s favorite food

Question 158

How does DSM-5 classify childhood disorders

Answer 158

There is no longer a separate classification for childhood disorders

Question 159

What are status offenses?

Answer 159

acts that are illegal only illegal if you are a minor

Question 160

In ADHD, hyperactivity is most notable in:

Answer 160

structured situations

Question 161

How should we characterize separation anxiety in a 1yr old child

Answer 161

as a normal fear

Question 162

What happens if a person is found incompetent to stand for trial?

Answer 162

proceedings are postponed until the person is competent

Question 163

Which disorder is a mitigating factor that makes the death penalty unconstitutional?

Answer 163

an intellectual disability

Question 164

Which of the following is not a criterion for civil commitment in any state?

Answer 164

Inability to know right from wrong

Question 165

Attempts so predict violence are specially likely to result in what type of Error?

Answer 165

high false positive rates

Question 166

The percentage of patients who commit acts of violence is highest among patients with which type of disorder?

Answer 166

Substance abuse/dependence

Question 167

about how many people seen in psychological treatment do not meet criteria for the diagnosis for any mental disorder?

Answer 167

50%

Question 168

Trisomy 21 is another name for

Answer 168

Down syndrome

Question 169

According to Erik Erikson, the resolution of the identity crisis typically occurs during ____; Contemporary views suggest that the identity crisis actually_____

Answer 169

adolescence; may not be resolved until todays young people are well into their 20s

Question 170

Family life cycle refers to the:

Answer 170

developmental course of changing family relationships

Question 171

what is an accurate statement of predicted demographic trends in the 21st century?

Answer 171

The proportion of the oldest-old will grow rapidly

Question 172

The two broad, philosophical grounds for civil commitment are the state’s____ and it’s____.

Answer 172

Duty to protect its citizens (parens patriae); police power

Question 173

In the case Buck V. Bel, concerns with eugenics, the united states supreme court:

Answer 173

upheld virginias forced sterilization laws

Question 174

I referred to “classic autism” in class. The New York Times outside reading referred to “Classic” ADHD. Why is it important to refer to classic in these two instances?

Answer 174

Definitions of the disorders have expended so rapidly that it is necessary to refer to past narrower (classic) diagnoses

Question 175

Which of the following is not a concern about the diagnosis and/ treatment of psychological disorders in childhood?:

• Parents and children disagree on about the nature/existence
• Parents/teachers/others disagree about the nature/existence
• behavior that is normal changes with age
• Children’s behavior is strongly influenced by family, school, and peers

Answer 175

They are all concerns lol

Question 176

While deciding custody according the “children best interests” principle sounds appealing, the legal standard had the problem that…

Answer 176

“best” is poorly defined

Question 177

Trur or False?: The following is a libertarian position in relation to mental health and the law: Mental patients should be hospitalized i they are unable to care for themselves

Answer 177

False

Question 178

The insanity defense is raised in about what percentage of criminal trials?

Answer 178

1%

Question 179

Which of the following was never a grounds for the insanity defense?:

• Inability to distinguish right from wrong
• Experiencing an “irresistible impulse”, an inability to control your actions
• the behavior was a product of a mental illness

Answer 179

All of them have been grounds for insanity

Question 180

Your text offered this quote from an advocate of ____ “freedom to be insane is an illusionary freedom, a cruel hoax perpetuated on this who cannot think clearly by those who will not think clearly”

Answer 180

Greater paternalism in treating the mentally ill

Question 181

An advance psychiatric directive is:

Answer 181

A legal instrument complete by mental health patients about their treatment preferences in the event that they become psychotic

Question 182

Knowing______ is not only essential for assessing potential psychological disorders of child hood by also for judging adult behavior wishing the context of adult development

Answer 182

Developmental norms

Question 183

Rational Suicide is:

Answer 183

A controversial term for suicides among those facing painful, terminal illness, particularly older adults

Question 184

if the cut off for and intellectual disability is two standard deviations below the mean and IQ scores are normally distributed, this means that that percentage of the population falls below this IQ cut off?

Answer 184

2-3%

Question 185

In addition to an IQ test, which of the fooling instruments might be critical to making a diagnosis of an intellectual disability

Answer 185

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales

Question 186

Approximately what percentage of cases of intellectual disability can be attributed to known biological abnormalities

Answer 186

50 percent

Question 187

The New York Times Magazine article, “selling Attention Deficit Disorder” attributed the increased use of psychostimulant medication in the treatment of ADHD to:

Answer 187

Broad definitions, Drug companies marketing to drs and parents, increased diagnosis of adult ADHD

Question 188

Expert Witnesses:

Answer 188

can testify to opinion not just fact

Question 189

The prevalence of depression among older adults is

Answer 189

Lower than among younger adults

Question 190

In a few years you’ll see headlines like “autism spectrum disorders have far better outcome than previously thought” Because you took this class, I hope you will remember to attribute this to:

Answer 190

A much broader definition of autism spectrum that includes more high functioning cases

Question 191

Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development includes:

Answer 191

development during both childhood and adulthood, as well as a central conflict for each stage

Question 192

According to your text perhaps the two keys to successful adjustment to later life are:

Answer 192

maintaining good physical heath, maintaining close relationships with family and friends

Question 193

What medication had a black box warning for adolescents and why?

Answer 193

Antidepressants, they may increase suicidal thoughts among adolescents

Question 194

In DSM-5 an adjustment disorder is:

Answer 194

Clinically significant in response to stress that are not severe enough to be diagnosed as a mental disorder

Question 195

What is true about emotional pain?

Answer 195

The same brain regions are involved in experiencing some types of both emotional and physical pain

Question 196

I routinely advise undergraduates to take a couple years off before starting grad school to make sure they are going to do what they wanna do. What is this time period called?

Answer 196

A moratorium

Question 197

True or False?: Scapegoating is the first relational diagnosis to appear in DSM-5, albeit in the appendix of “conditions requiring further study”

Answer 197

False

Question 198

There are two different ways of classifying intellectual disabilities, one based on____ and the other based on____

Answer 198

Cause, IQ

Question 199

The square root of the average squared distance from the mean in a distribution of scores:

Answer 199

Standard Deviation