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Clinical Conditions > Exam 6: underlined (must know) info > Flashcards

Exam 6: underlined (must know) info Flashcards

1
Q

muscul/o; my/o; myos/o

A

muscles

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2
Q

fasci/o; fibr/o

A

fascia; fibrous tissue

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3
Q

ten/o; tend/o; tendin/o

A

tendons

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4
Q

myocardial muscle

A

(pertaining to the muscle of the heart)
- forms muscular walls of the heart
- provides constant contraction and relaxation causing the heartbeat
- involuntary

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5
Q

long muscles prioritize…

A

movement

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6
Q

thick muscles prioritize…

A

strength

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7
Q

types of paralysis

A
  • hemiplegia
  • hemiparesis
  • myoparesis
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8
Q

paresis

A

partial or incomplete paralysis

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9
Q

plegia

A

paralysis

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10
Q

myoparesis

A

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

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11
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness or slight paralysis affecting one side of the body

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12
Q

hemiplegia

A

total paralysis affecting one side of the body

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13
Q

muscle tone

A

state of balanced muscle tension allowing normal posture/movement (resting muscle tone in muscle fibers, muscle tone from CNS)

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14
Q

atonic

A

(pertaining to without tone)
- lacking normal muscle tone

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15
Q

dystonia

A

(condition bad tone)
- impairment of voluntary muscle movement

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16
Q

hypotonia

A

(condition deficient tone)
- diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

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17
Q

hypertonia

A

(condition excessive tone)
- increased tone of the skeletal muscles

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18
Q

spasm

A

sudden, involuntary contraction of muscles

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19
Q

myoclonus

A

(muscle violent action)
- involuntary jerking of muscles (consistent spasms)

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20
Q

bradykinesia

A

(condition slow movement)
- extreme slowness in movement

21
Q

dyskinesia

A

(bad)
- impairment of voluntary movement

22
Q

hyperkinesia

A

(excessive)
- abnormal increased muscle function or activity

23
Q

dysarthria

A

abnormal use of muscles for speech and eating

24
Q

ataxia

A

(coordination without)
- lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

25
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body

26
Q

quadriplegia (tetraplegia)

A

(paralysis four)
- paralysis of all four extremities

27
Q

irritability

A

the ability of the muscle to respond to a stimulus, either internal or external

28
Q

contraction

A

tightening of a muscle causing it to become shorter and thicker

29
Q

relaxation

A

returning to original form, muscle becomes longer and thinner

30
Q

contracture

A
  • permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, skin
  • elastic connective tissues get replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues
31
Q

4 main types of MD

A
  • duchenne
  • becker
  • facioscapulohumeral
  • limb-girdle
32
Q

myofascial

A

(pertaining to muscle fascia)

33
Q

fasciitis

A

(inflammation fascia)
- inflammation of fascia

34
Q

fibromyalgia

A

(pain fibrous tissue muscle)
- chronic
- characterized by fatigue and pain

35
Q

adhesion

A

band of fibrous tissue holding structures together abnormally

36
Q

atrophy

A

weakness/ wearing away of body tissues and structures

37
Q

myalgia

A

(pain muscle)
tenderness or pain in the muscles

38
Q

tenosynovitis

A

(inflammation tendon synovial membrane)
- inflammation of sheath surrounding a tendon

39
Q

tendinitis (tendonitis)

A

(inflammation tendon)
- inflammation of tendons due to overuse

40
Q

impingement syndrome

A

inflammation and swelling of tendons in space between bones within the shoulder joint

41
Q

rotator cuff tendinitis

A

inflammation of tendons in rotator cuff

42
Q

ruptured rotator cuff

A

tendon weakens and tears due to the lack of treatment or continued overuse

43
Q

medial epicondylitis

A
  • golfer’s elbow
  • pain at the medial epicondyle of the elbow
  • pain usually starts at the medial epicondyle and may spread down the forearm
  • decreased strength with grasp
  • flexor
44
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A
  • tennis elbow
  • pain at the lateral epicondyle of the elbow
  • pain usually starts at the lateral epicondyle and may spread down the forearm
  • decreased strength with grasp
  • extensor
45
Q

epicondylitis

A

(inflammation on condyle (round prominence at end of a bone))
- inflammation of tissues surrounding the elbow

46
Q

plantar fasciitis

A
  • inflammation of plantar fascia on sole of foot
  • causes foot or heel pain when walking or running
47
Q

sprain

A

injury to a joint usually due to wrenching or tearing of a ligament

48
Q

shin splint

A

injury when a muscle tears away from the tibia

49
Q

strain

A

injury due to overuse involving stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon attachment

Clinical Conditions (16 decks)

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