Exam 12: Childhood Psychiatric Conditions Flashcards
1
Q
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
A
a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity that interferes with functioning or development
2
Q
attention/ inattention (ADHD)
A
- fails to pay close attention
- makes careless mistakes
- difficulty listening
- doesn’t follow through
- difficulty organizing tasks
- loses things
- easily distracted
- forgetful in daily activities
- avoids tasks that require mental effort
3
Q
symptoms of hyperactivity/ impulsivity (ADHD)
A
- fidgets/ squirms in chair
- difficulty sitting when required to
- runs about/ climbs excessively in inappropriate situations
- “on the go”
- talks excessively
- blurts out answers early
- difficulty waiting turn
- interrupts conversations
4
Q
presenting with ADHD
A
- some signs present before age 7
- some signs present in 2+ settings
- predominantly inattentive
- predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
5
Q
attention deficit disorder (ADD)
A
- similar traits to ADHD w/o hyperactive component
- LESS motor involvement: clumsiness, problems with motor control, regulation, calibration
- can often seem like a learning disability
6
Q
OT treatment for ADHD/ADD
A
- underlying cause of condition
- sensory processing
- sensory diets
- SI
- compensatory methods for learning
- positive self-esteem
7
Q
tic disorder: tourette syndrome
A
- genetic disorder; onset 6-7
- repetitive, involuntary motor/vocal tics
- related comorbidities: ADHD, behavior problems, learning disabilities, OCD
8
Q
OT treatment for tourette syndrome
A
- potential interventions: medications, behavioral management programs, and anxiety and anger management programs
- be sure to include social participation goals to prevent onset of bullying
9
Q
autism
A
- developmental disorder
- disrupts person’s ability to socially interact and communicate with others
- SPECTRUM, not one disorder
- autism = ASDs = PDDs
- pervasive developmental disorders
10
Q
etiology of ASD
A
- genetic: a combination of genes (Rhett’s has a confirmed genetic mutation)
- environmental factors: no significant link
- physiologic abnormalities: abnormal digestion of gluten, wheat, & cows milk; children lack the enzyme needed to digest these substances
- combination of factors
11
Q
prevalence & incidence of ASD
A
- 3rd most common developmental disorder
- 10-30/ 10,000
- 2.5 / 10,000 have asperger’s
- autism has been on the rise since the early 1990s
12
Q
signs and symptoms of ASD
A
- difficulty in social interaction
- lack of eye contact, facial expressions, social gestures; difficulty interpreting body lang
- language impairments
- delays in speech; echolalia
- repetitive behavior
- abnormal or intense preoccupation with routines or patterns
13
Q
severe autism
A
- severe challenges occur in social, language, and behavioral characteristics
- delays in language
- 50% remain nonverbal/ struggle with speech as adults
- usually cognitive delays, however, may have scattered skills
14
Q
impairments in autism
A
- irregular sleep patterns
- difficulty regulating emotions & interpreting emotions
- deficits in attention
- memory/ cog impairment
- language delay
- decreased auditory processing
- craving/ avoiding vestibular stimulation
- food tastes/ textures aversions
- abnormal smell interests
- clumsiness
- tactile defensiveness
- GI problems
15
Q
depression
A
- may present as acting out behavior
- changes in appetite
- stomach aches
- not wanting to go to school
