Exam 5: Arthroplasty Flashcards
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint
laminectomy
removal of the lamina in the vertebrae to relieve pressure
discectomy
removal of part of all of an intervertebral disc to relieve pressure
vertebroplasty
fixation with cement or hardware to repair vertebrae
osteonecrosis
death of bone tissue; can be a cause for arthroplasty
radiograph (x-ray)
visualizes bone fractures/ abnormalities
arthroscopy
use of arthroscope to visually examine internal structure of a joint
arthroscopic procedures
common at knee and shoulder; can include excision of torn or damaged cartilage
chondroplasty
surgical repair of damaged cartilage
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of two bones
arthrolysis
surgical loosening of ankylosed joint
arthroscopic surgery
minimally invasive procedure for treating interior of joint
arthroplasty can include…
joint revision/ repair; joint replacement
hip replacement
partial or total; total hip arthroplasty (THA)
knee replacement
(TKA) total knee arthroplasty
arthroplasty +
shoulder replacement; spine surgeries with joint revision
joint replacement vs. revision
joint fusion : ankles, intervertebral discs and joints
LE extremity arthroplasty
hip and knee replacement
hip fracture stats
850,000 annually in ages 65+ (300,000 hip fractures)
34% mortality rate within 1 year of fracture (elders who fall)
common concerns: return to work, driving, sexual activity
prosthetics components
titanium, silicone/ polyethylene, surgical steel
all about prosthetics
no blood flow/ immune system = concerns for post surgical infections
may be coated to promote healing and bone growth
two surgical approaches
anterolateral approach (front)
posterolateral approach (back)
precautions for anterolateral procedure
hip external rotation, hip abduction, hip extension
precautions for posterolateral procedure
hip flexion beyond 90 degrees, hip internal rotation, hip adduction
total knee arthroplasty
(TKA) or (TKR) severe osteoarthritis, pain/stiffness that limits ADLs, very painful recovery, one knee at a time but could be bilateral, PT is primary - client must be compliant with exercises
TTWB
toe-touch weight bearing
PWB
partial weight bearing
WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
FWB
full weight bearing
shoulder replacement
PT is primary; OT is functional deficits; healing is complex; primarily done due to pain
arthroplasty of the hand
MCP/ IP joints; caused by RA
splinting for hands
static vs. dynamic
static splint
hand splint that allows NO movement
dynamic splint
hand splint that allows some movement due to certain devices
cervical collars/ halo braces
worn following cervical vertebroplasties or vertebral fractures when there is/risk of a damaged spinal cord
TLSO brace
(back not neck) device used to limit movement/ stabilize in thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae following fracture or surgery
