Exam 6 - Microbiology

Question 1

what is a cilia?

E6.1-15

Answer 1

Hair-like structures that move like oars

E-15

Question 2

How do bacteria reproduce?

Answer 2

binary fission; where one bacteria replicates itself and divides in half, creating two new cells that are genetically identical to the original parent cell

basically mitosis

Question 3

What organisms are decomposers?

Answer 3

Bacteria and Fungi

B 6.1-2

Question 4

Describe the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria

C6.1-1

Answer 4

It is a thin layer of peptidoglycan.

Question 5

What is a vaccine, what does it do.

D6.1-4

Answer 5

A vaccine is weak or dead viruses injected into you to teach your white blood cells how to kill that kind of virus or bacteria to prevent you from getting it in the future.

Question 6

What color are gram-positive bacteria?

Answer 6

Purple

Question 7

Is Fungi a plant or an animal

E6-1.2

Answer 7

Neither

Question 8

What is the jelly-like substance in a pietri dish that is rich in nutrients called?

Answer 8

The jelly like substance is called agar.

b6.1-3

Question 9

Define Conjugation

Answer 9

What happens when a bacteria gives plasmids/traits to neighboring bacteria

F 6.1-1

Question 10

What do aerobic bacteria require to survive?

B6.1-3

Answer 10

Oxygen

B6.1-3

Question 11

What is the predominant group of tiny organisms in a drop of pond, lake, or ocean water?

Answer 11

Protists

Question 12

how do amoebas eat their food?

E6.1-2

Answer 12

they use pseudopods to engulf their food/prey.

Question 13

Name some protists that function as producers, contributing to Earth’s oxygen through photosynthesis.

Answer 13

Algae and plankton.

Question 14

What do bacterial growth colonies typically appear as on a pietri dish?

A6.1-3

Answer 14

Slimy, oily spots

A6.1-3

Question 15

What is the primary role of some protists like paramecium and amoeba?

Answer 15

They are consumers that feed on other organisms.

Question 16

What are the spherical shape/type of bateria called?

Answer 16

Coccus

C6.1-1

Question 17

how do fungi reproduce?

E6.1-2

Answer 17

they release tiny spores and they float through the air and grow new fungi in favorable conditions

Question 18

On a pietri dish, Fungi colonies typically appear as __________

A6.1-3

Answer 18

Powdery, fuzzy mats

A6.1-3

Question 19

What is bacillus?

Answer 19

Bacillus is characterized as rod-shaped and a is another type of bacteria.

C6.1-1

Question 20

A bacteria from the moon got onto a spaceship and came back to earth. As soon as the bacteria entered the atmostshpere it was damaged and died before touchdown. Researchers think this bacteria is an anaerobic. Are they correct? If not what is it?

A 6.1-3

Answer 20

The reasearchers were incorrect and the bacteria is an obligate anaerobe.

A 6.1-3

Question 21

Describe anaerboic bacteria

E-15

Answer 21

bacteria that can survive in the absence of oxygen

E-15

Question 22

What do Bacteriophages infect?

D 6.1-4

Answer 22

Prokaryotic cells (like bacteria)

D 6.1-4

Question 23

Some examples of Fungi are…

E6-1.2

Answer 23

Mushrooms, Molds, Lichens, etc.

Question 24

What is the “life” cycle of a virus

what are the steps in order

D6.1-4

Answer 24

1. Virus attaches to cell and inject viral genome
2. Viral DNA goes to host genome
3. Host replicates the viruses genome and protein capsid to recreate the virus
4. Release
5. pt1. More viruses
6. pt2. Host cell dies

Question 25

What is a Capsid?

D 6.1-4

Answer 25

A protien coat that houses nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) inside.

D 6.1-4