Exam 6 Ch 24-28 Flashcards
Where are the optic nerve endings located?
In the retina
What is the white portion of the eye called?
The sclera
Define foramen magnum
A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord
What should you do if burned with acid or alkali?
Irrigate for 20 minutes
How should you stabilize a large for an object in the eye?
Use a Moist dressing then apply a donut dressing to stabilize
Where is the Adam’s apple located?
Sits in front of the thyroid cartilage At the base of the neck
What can facial injuries compromise?
The airway
Define an epidural hematoma
Accumulation of blood between the skull and Dura matter
How should you treat a head injury patient with slow shallow breathing?
Vanillate to a CO2 level between 30 and 35
Define intra-cerebral hematoma
Bleeding into the brain tissues
How much of the brain’s total volume does the cerebrum contain?
75%
What is the most reliable indication of a head injury?
Decreased LOC
What two bones are the most susceptible to compress or depressed skull fractures?
Frontal and parietal bones
What is the proper order to backboard?
Torso first then head immobilized
What happens when the parasympathetic nervous system kicks in?
Heart rate decreases and blood vessels dilate
Define concussion
No physical damage but a temporary loss and brain function
What does the sebaceous gland do?
Produces sebum to keep skin supple
Define epidermis
The outer layer of skin, Which is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a watertight protective covering for the body
Define dermis
The inner layer of the skin containing hair follicles, Sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels
Define subcutaneous layer
Tissue, largely fat, that lies directly under the dermis And serves as an insulator Of the body
How do you calculate the severity of a burn?
Considering what caused the burn, The body region burned, age, And past medical hx
what happens to blood vessels when exposed to the cold?
Constrict
What body mechanisms happen to control bleeding?
Vasoconstriction, clotting, and coagulation
How long can skeletal muscle tolerate hypo perfusion?
2 to 3 hours
What are the first signs of internal bleeding before tachycardia in elderly patients?
Dizziness and fatigue
What is an early indicator of internal bleeding?
Dizziness upon standing
Define venules
Very small, thin walled blood vessels
Define arterioles
The smallest branches of arteries Leading to the vast network of capillaries
What is hematemesis
Vomited blood
What is an early indicator of intra-abdominal bleeding?
Pain and distention
Define cricoid cartilage
The firm ridge of cartilage That forms the lower part of the larynx
Define mandible
The bone of the lower Jaw
Define conjunctiva
Delicate membrane that lines the eyelids And covers the exposed surface of the eye
Define mastoid process
The prominent bony mass at the base of the skull, About 1 inch posterior To the external opening of the ear
