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Geoglogy > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Rock Behavior

A

Brittle Solid
Elastic Solid
Plastic Solid

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2
Q

Brittle Solid

A

Apply Stress = Rock Breaks

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3
Q

Elastic Solid

A

Apply Stress = Shape Changes
Remove Stress = Shape Restored
(Fault)

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4
Q

Plastic Solid

A

Apply Stress = Permanent Shape Change

Fold

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5
Q

Footwall

A

Rocks Below Fault

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6
Q

Hanging Wall

A

Rocks Above Fault

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7
Q

Fault Scarp

A

small step or offset on the ground surface where one side of a fault has moved vertically with respect to the other

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8
Q

Fault Types (3)

A

Normal Fault
Thrust Fault
Strike-Slip Fault

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9
Q

Normal Fault Characteristics

A

Extensional Stress < >

Hanging Wall Moves Down

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10
Q

Thrust Fault Characteristics

A

Compressional Stress > <

Hanging Wall Moves Up

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11
Q

Strike-Slip Fault Characteristics

A

Shearing Stress

Sliding Past Each Other

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12
Q

Fold Types

A

Anticline
Syncline
Monocline

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13
Q

Anticline

A

Beds Dip Downwards Away From Axis

Oldest Rocks at Axis

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14
Q

Syncline

A

Beds Dip Down Towards The Axis

Younger Rocks at Axis

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15
Q

Major Tectonic Plates (8)

A 
African 
Eurasian 
Indian-Australian 
Antarctic 
North American 
South American
Pacific
Nazca
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16
Q

Evidence for Crustal Motion

A 
Geographic Fit
Seafloor Ages
Glacial Evidence
Stratigraphy
Fossil Distribution
Hot Spot Volcanism
Paleomagnetism
Magnetic Inclination
GPS Satellites
17
Q

Geographic Fit

A

Alfred Wegener
Pangea
Laurasia - N. America Europe, Asia
Gondwana - S. America, Antarctica, Australia, Africa, India

18
Q

Seafloor Ages

A

Seafloor Spreading

19
Q

Glacial Evidence

A

Till > Tillite

Stration

20
Q

Fossil Distribution

A

Glossopteris
Mesosaurus
Lystrosaurus

21
Q

Hot Spot Volcanism

A

New Volcanoes form over time in a line as crust moves over mantle

22
Q

Paleomagnetism

A

Movement of Magnetic North over time

23
Q

Magnetic Inclination

A

Magnetism less steep closer to equator

24
Q

GPS Satellites

A

Modern evidence of continental movement

25
Q

Parts of Lithospheric Plate

A

Oceanic Crust
Continental Crust
Craton
Continental Shield

26
Q

Boundary Types (3)

A

Divergent
Transform
Convergent

27
Q

Divergent Boundary Characteristics

A

Extensional Stress

Normal Fault

28
Q

Transform Boundary Characteristics

A

Shearing Stress

Strike-Slip Fault

29
Q

Convergent Boundary Characteristics

A

Compressional Stress
Thrust Faults
Folds

30
Q

Evolution of an Ocean Basin (4)

A

Thermal Bulge > Dome
Rift Valley
Linear Seaway
Mature Ocean Basin

Geoglogy (5 decks)

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