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Geoglogy > Exam 4 Oh Boy > Flashcards

Exam 4 Oh Boy Flashcards

1
Q

How to Calculate Density

A

mass/volume = g/cm3

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2
Q

Radio Active Decay Products

A

Decay Product
Heat
Emission Particle

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3
Q

What is a Half life

A

Time it takes for half of a sample to decay.

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4
Q

How to Calculate Half life

A

Parent to Decay Fraction

Simplify Fraction

Fraction tells how many have passed

multiply # of passed with how long one Half life is

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5
Q

Parent to Decay Functions

A

1: 1 = 1
1: 3 = 2
1: 7 = 3
1: 15 = 4

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6
Q

Principle of Actualism

A

The present is the key to the past

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7
Q

Principle of Superposition

A

in an undisturbed sequence of rock, oldest is on bottom, newest is on top.

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8
Q

Principle of Original Horizontatlity

A

sedimentary beds form as flat lying layers

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9
Q

Principle of Cross Cutting Relationships

A

a geological structure is younger than any other structure that it cuts off or through

  • Intrusion
  • Fault
  • Unconformity
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10
Q

Principle of Inclusion

A

Inclusion is older than matrix

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11
Q

Principle of Faunal Succession

A

observation that assemblages of fossil plants and animals follow or succeed each other in time in a predictable manner

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12
Q

Earthquake Hazards

A 
Ground Vibration
Liquifaction
Tsunami
Fire
Permanent Landscape Changes
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13
Q

Parts of an Earthquake

A 
Epicenter
Focus
Fault
Body Waves
Surface Waves
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14
Q

What is the epicenter and focus

A

epicenter - Point of ground directly above focus

focus - the exact point of earthquake below the ground

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15
Q

Characteristics of Primary wave

A

first to appear on scale
fastest
compressional wave
can pass through solid, liquid and gas

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16
Q

Characteristics of Secondary Wave

A

second to appear on scale
slower
sheering wave
can pass only through solids

17
Q

Characteristics of Surface wave

A

last to appear on scale

biggest on scale

18
Q

How to find the location of Earthquake epicenter (8)

A 
Seismogram
Calculate s-wave arrival
Calculate p-wave arrival
Calculate Elapsed Time (S-P)
Time travel diagram
plot and calculate distance on map
Repeat w 2nd seismogram
Repeat w 3rd seismogram
19
Q

Earthquake Scales

A

Richter Scale

Modified Mercalli Scale

20
Q

Richter Scale

A

Energy Released
Objective
0-9.6

21
Q

Mercalli Scale

A

Damage Intensity
Subjective
I-XII

22
Q

Elastic Rebound theory

A

Like bending a ruler then it snaps back and vibrates

23
Q

Earths Internal Structure

A

Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core

24
Q

Crust Composition

A

Continental

  • Granite
  • 6 km/s
  • 20 miles thick

Oceanic

  • Basalt/Gabbro
  • 7 km/s
  • 6 miles thick
25
Q

Mantle Composition

A

Peridotite
8 km/s
1800 miles thick

26
Q

Outer Core Composition

A

Nickle-Iron Alloy
750 miles thick
liquid

27
Q

Inner Core Composition

A

Nickle-Iron Alloy
250 Miles Thick
Solid

Geoglogy (5 decks)

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