Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3-Third semester > Exam 5- hematology-Cha 1 > Flashcards

Exam 5- hematology-Cha 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood Components
made up of x4

A

RBC

WBC

Platelets

Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rbc carry what x2 in body

A

carry hemoglobin and iron in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hemolysis-

breakdown

recycling

converted

excreted

A

Breakdown of old and damaged RBC

Recycling of amino acids and iron

Converted into bilirubin

Excreted in bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diseases that increase hemolysis/ impair liver function

Leads to
Can lead to

A

Leads to increased bilirubin in the blood

Can lead to jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

White Blood Cells- Leukocytes

normal is
defesnes
originate where

A

Normal is 4,000-11,000

Defenses against microorganisms

Originate from stem cells in bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Leukocytosis=

Leuokpenia=

A

Leukocytosis= high wbc

Leuokpenia= low wbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Neutrophils

what %

do what

A
  • 60-70% of wbc-

first to respond to injury/ inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Eosinophil’s

respond to
increased

A
  • respond to parasites and allergies

increased numbers when those are involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Basophils

respond to
contain

A
  • respond to allergies

contain histamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Monocytes

immature

A
  • immature inflammatory immune response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lymphocytes
immature

A
  • immature inflammatory immune response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Segs

A
  • mature neutrophiles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bands

A
  • immature neutrophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

WBC are increased with

x3

A

infection/ inflammation

auto immune disordes

leukoemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Decreased wbc x2

A

prolonged infection

bone marrow suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

platlets

formed where
production controlled by
made where

A

formed in bone marrow

production is controlled by thrombopoietin

made in spleen and can circulate for 7-10 days in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

platlets

produces x2

aggregate why

requires what to clot

A

produce ATP and remediators for clotting

aggregate in resonse to trauma

requires calcium to clot- platelets alone will not clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thrombocytosis

Thrombocytopenia

A

Thrombocytosis- large amount of platlet cells

Thrombocytopenia- decreased amount of platelet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Platelets-Normal 150,000-450,000

What affects platelet levels?
x3

A

High altitude
Increased exercise
Chronic Cold weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hemostasis-

control

interaction

A

control of bleeding-

interaction between platelets and clotting mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

goal of hemostasis

A

goal is to maintain a steady blood flow, blood volume , and blood pressure despite injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

first stage-Vessel spasm

does what

Five Stages of Hemostasis

A
  • contracts for 1 minute
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

second stage-Formation of platelet plug-

does what

Five Stages of Hemostasis

A

platelets attach to damaged vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

third stage-Formation of insoluble fibrin clots

does what

Five Stages of Hemostasis

A
  • mesh of clots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

fourth stage-Clot retraction

happens when
what happens

Five Stages of Hemostasis

A
  • happens in 30 minutes/

platelets pull the edge of damaged vessel together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

fifth stage-Clot dissolution-
what happens

Five Stages of Hemostasis

A

after clot is formed, body starts to dissolve it to restore blood flow to area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Amount of oxygen that gets to tissues depends on

availability
diffusing
number
amount
ability

A

Availability of oxygen in alveoli

Diffusing surface and capacity of lungs

Number of RBCs

Amount and type of (hemoglobin)Hbg

Ability of cardiovascular system to transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Anemia

is what
every type of anemia decreases
leading to

A

abnormally low rbc count or reduced hemoglobin count

every type of anemia decreased-> oxygen carrying capacity,

leading to tissue hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

S/S of anemia- If slowly- then body may be able to develop compensation mechanisms

what skin
what hr
a
f
h
d
what chages
what rr
what repository
what pain

A

Pale and cool skin
Tachycardia
Angina
Fatigue- due to ischemia/hypoxia

Headache
Dizziness
Vision changes
Tachypnea
Dyspnea
Bone pain- dt inc rbc production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

S/S of long term anemia-

c
m
c f

A

Chf,

murmurs,

clubbed fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Chronic blood loss

happens from what

Anemia causes-

A

slow bleed from ulcers and cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Anemia- chronic blood loss
s/s are

A

minimal and during exercise or increased 02 consumption situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Acute
caused by

Anemia causes-blood loss

A

caused by trauma-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Acute anemia s/s

what hr
what constricts
what contracts/releases

A

tachycardiac,

peripheral vessels will constrict,

liver will constrict and release a bolus of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Anemia can also be caused by

decreased
insufficient

A

decreased RBC production

insufficient or abnormal hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Most common anemia is Iron deficiency anemia-

iron needed for what
body cant do what

A

iron is optimal for rbc formation

, body cannot synthesis hemolobin without iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Hemolytic Anemia

characterized by

A

premature destruction/ hemolysis of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Hemolytic Anemia

s/s
f
j
i

A
  • fatigue,

jaundice,

irritability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic-

Two types of causes

A

disorder of blood cells- sickle cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Hemolytic Anemia
Extrinsic

Two types of causes

A
  • outside of blood cells-

drugs, toxins, chemicals, trauma, and mechanical damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

heridtary->

usually//except

episodes happen where

Hemolytic Anemia- Sickle Cell

A

Hereditary- most common In black americans

Usually is asymptomatic unless stressed by hypoxia

Episodes happen where cells are crescent shaped- abnormal hemoglobin form in RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Hemolytic Anemia- Sickle Cell

These patients are not always in a sickle cell crisis, but can be in one–s/s of sickling

p
f
j
i

A
  • pallor,

fatigue,

jaundice,

irritability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

If person with trait for sickle cell had kid with Someone who doesn’t have trait,

A

then child may have trait but not the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

If 2 people with the sickle cell trait have kids-

A

25% of disease in their children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia Signs and symptoms-

p
f
j
i

A

pallor,

fatigue,

jaundice

, irritbility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Sickle Cell Crisis

will experience x2 what hallmark signs

sickle cells do what
causing

A

Will experience Severe pain/ fever-

sickle cells clump together and obstruct capillary blood flow causing ischemia and possible infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

sickle cell crisis

what gets back to normal shape

repeated acts

A

pts need to gain oxygen levels and rbc need to get back to normal shape/

repeated acts will weaken RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Sickle Cell Crisis triggers

s
I
excessive
h
low
low
d

A

stress,

infection,

excessive exercise,

hypoxia,

low environmental 02,

low body temperature

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

sickle cell crisis s/s-

f
h
what pain//how long
what resp

A

fever

headache,

abdominal /extremity pain for 4-6 days.

SOB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is damaged by sickle cell crisis

what does that do

A

Spleen and kidney damage

kidney damage will decrease Erythpoetnan release- will decrease rbc production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Treatment for Sickle Cell Crisis

what control
large
prevention
education

A

pain control-pca pump- morphine

Large amounts of fluids

Prevention of stress and infection

Education on vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Meds

h
f a
what transplant

Treatment for Sickle Cell Crisis

A
  • hydroxyurea decreased production of abnormal RBC

folic acid – assists with production of mature rbc

stem cell transplant- very expensive and could lead to death- only known cure for sickle cell crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Treatment for Sickle Cell Crisis

most infants

A

Most infants are tested for this so the parents know

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Be aware of blood transfusions-

may have/causes

damages

what hmg for blood transfusion

Treatment for Sickle Cell Crisis

A

may have immune response that causes excess iron

which damages heart, liver and other organs

hmg under 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what 2 labs in sickle cell

A

decreased HGB and rbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

pt may need what if they are getting blood transfusion

A

pt may need treatment for excess iron if they have transufion blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia
Caused by something outside of RBc-

mechanical
d
b
r
what disorders
I
what responses
what chemicals

A

mechanical trauma like heart valves,

dialysis,

burns,

radiation,

autoimmune disorders,

infections,

immune responses to blood transfusions

chemicals like drugs/ snake venom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia-Signs and symptoms

enlarged
j
p
what hr
what else

A
  • enlarged spleen,

jaundice,

pallor,

tachycardia,

bone fractures leading to long term bone deformities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Aplastic Anemia-Rare-

bone marrow does what

leading to

normal/replaceed

A

bone marrow fails to produce all 3 types of blood cells,

leading to pancytopenia// normal marrow is replaced with fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

aplastic anemia

50% caused by

other causes are:
what damage
what infecetion
what chemicals

A

50% of cause is unknown

Other cause is
stem cell damage from chemo,
viral infections like hep c
, chemicals like arsenic/ benzine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Aplastic Anemia
S+Sx-

f
p
w
h
d
I
bleeding where
e

what labs

A

Fatigue
Pallor
Weakness
Headahce
Dyspnea
infections
bleeding gums
eccymoisis( bruising)

low rbc, wbc and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

decreased wbc do what

decreased platelets leads to

aplastic anemia

A

Decreased wbc are lead to infections

Decreased platelets can lead to bleeding gums and ecchymosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

tissue taken from where
may be
need to
painful->

Diagnostic Tests-Bone Marrow Biopsy

A

Tissue is taken out of posterior iliac crest or sternum,

May be sedated

Need to remain still

Painful but brief-like 20 mins

64
Q

Post procedue care-
pressure for how long
apply
may waht

Diagnostic Tests-Bone Marrow Biopsy

A

apply pressure for 5-10 minutes,

apply ice if bruising

may ache for 1-2 days

65
Q

Iron deficiency-

what supplements

Medications to Treat Anemias

A

iron supplements like oral supplements, parenteral, or im-very painful

Ferrous sulfate

66
Q

Sickle cell anemia

treat w->
what other
what subq

Medications to Treat Anemias

A
  • treat with hydroxyurea,

folic acid,

erythropoietin subq- can increase rbc production

67
Q

Aplastic anemia-

what med
what else

Medications to Treat Anemias

A

prednisone,

blood transfusions- packed rbc, whole blood, or platlets

68
Q

Iron foods

A
  • eggs , meat, green beans and dried fruit
69
Q

Folic acid foods

A

-green leafy vegetables, organ meats, eggs

70
Q

Vit b12- foods

A

eggs, milk, meat , cheese

71
Q

Leukemia

chronic
pt will
common in

A

Chronic malignant disorder of wbc

Pt will have reversed ratio of rbc to wbc

Common in children and men// causes unknown

72
Q

Leukemia-Risk factors-

c
what exposure
treatment from

A

cig smoke,

chemical exposure,

treatment from other cancers

73
Q

Leukemia s/s broad

a
I
b

A

anemia

infection

bleeding

74
Q

Leukemia- Signs and Symptoms

Anemia:
p
f
what hr
what resp

A

-pale,

fatigue

, tachycardia,

dyspnea,

75
Q

Leukemia- Signs and Symptoms
Infection

f
night
frequent

A
  • fever,

night sweats,

frequent infection

76
Q

Leukemia- Signs and Symptoms

Bleeding

A
  • bruising
77
Q

Leukemia

without treatment
with treatment

A

Without treatment- is fatal

With treatment- 5 year survival rate is just over 50%

78
Q

Acute
what

Leukemia classification

A

-rapid onset and progression

79
Q

Chronic
what

Leukemia classification

A
  • gradual onset
80
Q

Lymphocytic or lymphoblastic-

Leukemia classification

A

immature lymphocytes

81
Q

Myeloid

involves
interferes w

Leukemia classification

A
  • involves stem cells-

interferes with types of blood cell formation

82
Q

AML

Leukemia classification

A
  • worst of leukemias
83
Q

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia- ALL

most common in

what onset

A

Most common type in children/ young adults

Rapid onset

84
Q

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia- ALL S/S-

I
b
wt
what pain
h

A

infection,

bleeding,

wt loss,

bone pain,

headache

85
Q

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia- ALL

Treatment-
c
what transplant
what transplant

A

chemo,

bone marrow transplant,

stem cell transplant,

remission rate is 90%

86
Q

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia- CLL

what progression
might require

A

Slower progression- older adults

might require no treatment at all or just monitoring

87
Q

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia- CLL
s/s
f
I
p

A

fatigue,

infection

pallor

88
Q

Acute Myeliod Leukemia- AML

strong association w

pts will have x2

A

strong association with exposure to toxins-like chemo and smoke and stuff

pts will have neutropenia and thrombocytopenia

89
Q

Acute Myeliod Leukemia- AML

S/S –
f
w
f
what pain
b
p
b

A

fatigue,

weakness,

fever,

bone pain,

bleeding,

petechia,

bruising

90
Q

Acute Myeliod Leukemia- AML

Treatment x2

A
  • chemo and stem cell transplants
91
Q

Chronic Myeliod Leukemia- CML

usually associated w

what onset
then becomes

A

Usually associated with chromosomal abnormality

Slow onset, and then becomes very aggressive

92
Q

Chronic Myeliod Leukemia- CML

S/S-
w
f
wt

A

weakness,

fatigue,

wt loss

93
Q

Chronic Myeliod Leukemia- CML
Treatment-

what med
what 2 others

A

interferon- modifies cells response to cancer

chemo and stem cell transplant

94
Q

Chemotherapy-

affects
kills
puts

Treatments For Leukemia

A

affects immature cells-

kills leukemic cells in bone marrow

puts cancer into remission

95
Q

Chemo- what to expect

n
I
loss of what
f

what else is affected

A

Nausea

immunosuppressed

hair loss

fatigue

all other organs are affected

96
Q

What meds help In chemo

anti-
f

A

antinausua- ondasatron

fluid

97
Q

Combination chemotherapy-

decrease

interrupts

Treatments For Leukemia

A

decrease drug resistance,

interrupts growth of cancer cells

98
Q

Colony stimulating factors-

helps

Treatments For Leukemia

A

helps bone marrow regain normal function after chemo

99
Q

Radiation therapy
damages

Treatments For Leukemia

A
  • damages cell of dna
100
Q

Bone marrow transplant

allogenic

Treatments For Leukemia

A

requires a donor- pt receives bone marrow cells from a donor

101
Q

Bone marrow transplant

uses what
harvested when

treatments for leukemia

A

uses the pts own bone marrow after chemo/radiation

pts bone marrow is harvested during remission

102
Q

Bone marrow transplant
Procedure for transplant-

what first – does what
risk for
then what

treatments for leukemia

A

need induction therapy (chemo/radiation) to kill cells in marrow-

huge risk for infection and bleeding

then marrow is infused

103
Q

Bone marrow transplant
Post transplant-

what means graft has taken hold
how long after

treatments for leukemia

A

if blood cell counts ( WBc, RBC, platelet ) increase then you will know the graft has taken hold-

usually 12-28 days later

104
Q

stem cell transplant
how does it work
risk for what

Treatments for Leukemia

A

same as bone marrow transplant

risk for graft vs host disease

105
Q

graft vs host disease

happens in what type
can be

A
  • happens in allognous stem cell

can be deadly

106
Q

Graft vs host disease s/s

rash where
what loss
d
what bleeding
what damage

A

rash in palms/ feet

skin loss

diarrhea

gi bleeding

liver damage

107
Q

treatment for graft vs host disease

a
s
i

A

antibiotics

steroids

immunosuppressants-

108
Q

biologic therapy like x2

does what

graft vs host disease

A

cytokines like interferon-

this will modify cells that attack cancer

109
Q

pts can also use complementary therapy

graft vs host disease

A

like relaxation, hypnosis, and nutrition

110
Q

risk for infection-> leukemia

what type of room
restrict whom
oral
avoid
neutrophils what level
no what food
no what

A

Protective isolation

Restrict sick visitors

Oral Hygiene

Avoid invasive procedures

Neutrophils <2,000

No raw fruits or veggies

No fresh flowers.

111
Q

Imbalanced Nutrition- leukemia

increased what
f
loss of
daily
/
give them what type of meals
and what illegal drug

A

increased metabolic needs

fatigue

loss of appetite

daily wts

I/o

give small frequent meals

marijuana- appetite stimulant

112
Q

leukemia

might see what in mouth

A

mouth sores

113
Q

Malignant Lymphoma

is what

what 2 types

A

Malignancies of lymphoid tissue

2 types- Hopkins or non Hodgkins

114
Q

Malignant Lymphoma

risks

g
h
c
u

A

genetic,

hiv,

chemicals,

unknown

115
Q

Hodgkin’s Disease

waht ages

what plays a role

what is prognosis

A

Ages 15-35 or over 50

epsteins barr virus and genetics play a role

very curable

116
Q

Hodgkin’s Disease S/S-

enlarger//where
f
s
f
wt

A

enlarged lymph nodes in subclavicular and cervical area,

fever,

sweats,

fatigue

weight loss

117
Q

Hodgkin’s Disease
Treatment

c
r
x2 transplants

A

-chemo,

radiation

, bone marrow transplants or stem cell transplants

118
Q

Hodgkin’s Disease

be cautious for radiation where

can cause

A

Radiation on lymph nodes on genitals

can cause sterility in patients

119
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

More common- in who

what has affect

A

older adults

causes are unknown but environment/ genetics have an affect

120
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Starts where

A

peripheral lymph nodes and spread

121
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma S/S-

what lymph nodes
f
night
h
changes in

A

swollen lymph nodes,

fever,

night sweats,

headaches,

mental status changes

122
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Treatment-

c
r
x2 transplant

A

chemo,

radiation,

stem cell transplant, bone marrow transplant

123
Q

Staging of Cancer

stage 1-

stage iv-

A

Stage 1-single node, region or structure

Stage IV- involvement of a site not close to a node

124
Q

Staging of Cancer

A- what
B-x3

A

A-no systemic symptoms

B-systemic symptoms- night sweats, fever and wt loss

125
Q

Neutropenia

Count of WBC-

happens in:
prolonged
s
what disease

A

Count of less then 1500 WBC-

happens in
prolonged infection,

starvation

autoimmune disease

126
Q

NeutropeniaCauses

most common cause is

A

-most common cause is cancer w chemotherapy

127
Q

Neutropenia S/S-

I
c
f
f

A

infections,

chills,

fever,

fatigue

128
Q

Neutropenia Treatment-

I
what factor
what infusions
what colony

A

isolation,

growth factor to increase wbc production,

granulocyte infusions,

macrophage colony stimulating factor- stimulates production and function of monocytes

129
Q

Thrombocytopenia-

what platelet count
risk for

A

platelet count less then 100000-

risk for bleeding

130
Q

Thrombocytopenia

use what with blood draw

how long hold pressure or

A

use BP cuff to get iv

hold pressure for 5 minutes

131
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (purpura)

what disease

where what happens

A

-autoimmune disease

where platelets are destroyed too fast

132
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (purpura) s/s

p
e
b
what urine

id sytmoms persist- need what

A

petechia,

epistasis,

bruising-

blood urine

if symptoms persist they may need splenectomy

133
Q

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia-

clots do what

can affect what

A

clots that occlude arterials and capillaries

can affect heart, kidneys and brain

134
Q

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia- s/s

p
h
changes

A

petechia,

headache

loc changes

135
Q

Heparin induced Thrombocytopenia-

abnormal
what in blood
causes what

A

abnormal reaction to heparin,

partial platelets may be in blood and cause clotting cascade to develop a thrombus

136
Q

Heparin induced Thrombocytopenia- s/s

p
what extremities
e
e

A

pain,

pulseless extremities,

erythema

edema

137
Q

What med
does what
stop what

Care for Client With ALL 3 types of Thrombocytopenia

A

prednisone-

suppress immune system-

stop all heparin before giving

138
Q

Treatments

Care for Client With Thrombocytopenia

A
  • platelet transfusions
139
Q

Surgery-may need

Care for Client With Thrombocytopenia

A
  • may need splenectomy-
140
Q

spleen is where what occurs

where what’s produced

A

where platelet destruction is occurring

where antibodies are produced

141
Q

hemophilia a->
hemophilia b->

only seen in who
who is carrier

Hemophilia-Group of hereditary clotting factor disorders

A

Hemophilia A- destruction of clotting factor 8

Hemophilia B- christmas disease- clotting factor 9

A and b are only seen in men

females may be carriers

142
Q

Von Willebrands disease-
deficency of what

Hemophilia-Group of hereditary clotting factor disorders

A

deficiency of protein that mediates protein adhesions

143
Q

Factor XI deficiency-

when what is prolonged
form what
impairs formation of

Hemophilia-Group of hereditary clotting factor disorders

A

when postop bleeding is prolonged-

form platelet plugs but clotting factor is deficit

impairs formation of a stable fibrin clot

144
Q

Hemophilia s/s

h
b
bleeding of
what bleeding
spontaneous
h
p
what hemorrhage

A

hemarthrosis

, bruising

, bleeding of the gums,

gi bleeding,

spontaneous epistasis,

hematuria

, pain

intracranial hemorrhage

145
Q

Hemophilia Diagnosis

A
  • receive coagulation study
146
Q

Hemophilia meds

f
c
c

A

fresh frozen plasma,

Cryoprecipitate

concentrates

147
Q

Special Considerations For Children- iron deficiency anemia

why are kids more at risk
kids who ingest what
why are adolescents

A

because they need more for their body

kids that drink more milk then eat food are at risk for iron deficiency

adolescents with their menstrual cycle

148
Q

s/s of iron deficiency in kids

pale
poor
enlarged
enlarged

A

pale mucous membranes,

poor muscle tone,

enlarged spleen,

enlarged heart

149
Q

iron deficiency in kids

treatment

A

increasing iron rich food

150
Q

Pediatric Anemia Breastfed versus formula-

what happens

A

iron deficient moms will have iron deficient kids

151
Q

Pediatric Anemia

Screening at x3

A

9-12 months,

15-18 months

in adolescence

152
Q

Pediatric Anemia

Cows milk may cause what

may also cause

A

slight bleeding,

which may also cause iron deficney anemia

153
Q

bleeding precautions

what tooth
what sports
what razor

used when

A

soft bristled toothbrush

non contact sports

electric razor

used in thrombocytopenia or hep/anticoag use

154
Q

what blood product before surgery

A

FFP

155
Q

S/s of bleeding and coagulation

A

DIC

life threatening

3-Third semester (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions