Exam 5 (final) - Svensson psychostimulant misuse

Question 1

significance of nicotine not being able to be degraded by AChe?

Answer 1

leads to longer duration of action and more time in synaptic cleft
-this increases potency

Question 2

why do a minority of people actually become addicted to addictive drugs (nicotine, cocaine, etc.) if the pharmacology of them drives addiction?

Answer 2

its not just pharmacology at play
-other factors play a role in addiction like social, emotional

Question 3

which of the following is most different from the rest, structurally, and therefore acts a little different?
MDMA
methamphetamine
methyphenidate
cocaine

Answer 3

cocaine

Question 3

varenicline is a _____ agonist

Answer 3

partial

Question 4

fenethylline is made by ______ the two molecules _______ and _______

Answer 4

linking, amphetamine, theophylline

Question 5

MOA of cocaine

Answer 5

antagonist of amine transporters
-DAT>SERT>NERT (selectivity)

Question 6

cocaine shows ______ block of DAT

Answer 6

full

Question 7

cocaine shows ______ block of NE and 5HT receptors

Answer 7

partial

Question 8

3 actions cocaine has on DA

Answer 8

prevents reuptake
increases concentrations
increases duration of action

Question 9

MOA of meth, ecstasy, and bath salts

Answer 9

all COMPETE for reuptake
-resemble DA and NE
-block DA reuptake
-PUSH OUT DA from vesicles

Question 10

significance of TAAR1

Answer 10

-phosphorylates DAT
-induces reverse transport fxn
-activation of this causes release of dopamine

Question 11

clinical effect of meth abuse on neuro

Answer 11

delirium
tremor

Question 12

clinical effect of meth abuse on psych

Answer 12

anxiety
paranoia
hallucinations
delusions

Question 13

clinical effect of meth abuse on ENT

Answer 13

profuse dental decay not related to just poor hygeine

Question 14

clinical effect of meth abuse on CV

Answer 14

tachycardia
HTN/vasospasm

Question 15

clinical effect of meth abuse on skin

Answer 15

diaphoresis (sweating)

Question 16

what is the mechanism thought to mediate withdrawal sx?

Answer 16

receptor downregulation

Question 17

T/F: addiction is not based only on release of dopamine

Answer 17

true

Question 18

do in-college males or females typically misuse prescription drugs more?

Answer 18

in college males

Question 19

outside of college, do males or females misuse prescription drugs more?

Answer 19

females

Question 20

MATHS mnemonic (manifestations of sympathomimetic toxidrome)

Answer 20

Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
Agitation/arrhythmia/angina
Tachycardia
HTN/hyperthermia
Seuizures/sweating

Question 21

treat maths with ____

Answer 21

benzos

Question 22

As it relates to cognitive enhancement, do stimulants improve memory?

Answer 22

studies appear to be marginal, if any difference shown in memory
-it also proved to be detrimental in working out complex problems

Question 23

can low dose psychostimulants improve performance? (explain trend with increasing dose, 8 steps)

Answer 23

wakefullness–>attention–>hyperlocomotion–> mania,power–>high,euphoria–>psychosis, confusion –>coma–>circulatory collapse