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Nursing of Adults I > Exam 5 Drugs to Know > Flashcards

Exam 5 Drugs to Know Flashcards

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1
Q

put patients taking this drug on fall risk due to sedation and hypotension (do not take with CNS depressants)

A

promethazine (phenothiazine)

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2
Q

this drug decreases ammonia-forming bacteria (not commonly given)

A

neomycin

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3
Q

cautiously use antacids in these four patients due to increased sodium

A

older adults, cirrhosis, hypertension, renal

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4
Q

this drug class is given as IV bolus followed by an infusion for an upper GI bleed

A

PPI

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5
Q

this drug is contraindicated with SSRIs (causes serotonin syndrome)

A

ondansetron (5-HT3/serotonin antagonist)

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6
Q

drug class that can reduce instance of hemorrhage of esophageal varices by decreasing high portal pressure (two specific in parentheses)

A

beta blockers (nadolol, propranolol)

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7
Q

to treat bile reflux gastritis, administer this specific drug that binds bile salts

A

cholestyramine

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8
Q

if a patient is in renal failure, do not give antacids with ____________

A

magnesium

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9
Q

cytoprotective drug therapy (specific drug) that protects esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

A

sucralfate

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10
Q

four drugs that may be used to treat chronic hepatitis C (two of these in parentheses may be combined to treat)

A

interferon alpha, ribavirin, telaprevir, boceprevir (interferon alpha, ribavirin)

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11
Q

drug used for delayed gastric emptying (and pyloric stenosis in pediatrics)

A

metoclopramide (prokinetic)

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12
Q

drug class FDA approved specifically for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting

A

neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists

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13
Q

this drug used for nausea/vomiting can also be used for vertigo

A

meclizine

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14
Q

three antacids to know (GERD)

A

aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide

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15
Q

IBD drug class that decreases inflammation

A

corticosteroids

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16
Q

this drug class reduces gastric acid secretion associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

A

PPI

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17
Q

use and route of octreotide

A

use: decrease portal pressure
route: IV

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18
Q

medication given to cirrhosis patients who are combative due to hepatic encephalopathy

A

Serax

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19
Q

may cause extrapyramidal side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, especially with chronic use or high doses

A

metoclopramide (prokinetic)

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20
Q

three specific medications that can be used to treat gallbladder disorders

A

ursodiol (Actigall), chenodeoxycholic acid (Chenix), cholestyramine (Questran)

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21
Q

this drug can be used in combination with vasopressin to reduce its effects (in treating esophageal varices)

A

nitroglycerine

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22
Q

this drug class increases gastric emptying and motility (GERD)

A

prokinetics

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23
Q

two drug classes used to treat acute gastritis

A

PPIs, H2 receptor blockers

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24
Q

five drugs that sucralfate binds to (decreases activity of)

A

cimetidine, digoxin, warfarin, phenytoin, tetracycline

25
Q

this gallbladder disorder specific medication promotes bile salt excretion

A

cholestyramine (Questran)

26
Q

unless on chemotherapy, do not give more than ______ per day of ondansetron disintegrating tablet

A

8 mg

27
Q

this medication is used to prevent tetany in patients with pancreatitis

A

calcium gluconate (tetany is a symptom of hypocalcemia- this drug replaces calcium)

28
Q

three H2 blockers and PPIs used to help treat pancreatitis

A

cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), omeprazole (Prilosec)

29
Q

this specific drug blocks dopamine receptors that trigger nausea and vomiting

A

promethazine

30
Q

nausea/vomiting drug available as deep IM, oral, rectal, or IV

A

promethazine (phenothiazine)

31
Q

sucralfate works best in _____ pH; give __________ before or after antacid

A

low, 1-2 hours

32
Q

this drug class is given after the acute phase of an upper GI bleed

A

antacid

33
Q

specific drug: avoid parenteral routes due to risk of severe tissue injury

A

promethazine

34
Q

alternative drug therapy for H. pylori infection includes ___________ alone or combined with _______________ and _______________

A

bismuth, tetracycline, metronidazole

35
Q

two drug classes that are most common and effective against GERD

A

H2 receptor blockers, PPIs

36
Q

these two drug classes are used to eliminate H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease

A

antibiotics, PPI

37
Q

four drugs that may be used to treat chronic hepatitis B

A

interferon (alpha), nucleosides, nucleotide analog, lamivudine (Epivir HBV)

38
Q

this drug class neutralizes acid and provides quick relief for mild, intermittent symptoms of GERD

A

antacids

39
Q

three H2 receptor blockers to know (GERD)

A

famotidine, cimetidine, ranitidine (think -tidine)

40
Q

this drug class decreases HCl secretion and irritation (GERD)

A

H2 receptor blockers

41
Q

this drug used for nausea/vomiting is available in a patch kept on for 3 days/72 hours

A

scopolamine

42
Q

long-term use of PPIs can cause these four complications

A

osteoporosis (decreased bone density; hip, wrist, spine fractures), kidney disease, deficiency of vitamin B12 and magnesium, risk of dementia

43
Q

three antiemetic drugs used to treat nausea associated with hepatitis

A

prochlorperazine, promethazine, ondansetron

44
Q

antibiotic therapy for H. pylori includes _______ (time period) of ________________ or if allergic, ________________

A

14 days, penicillin (amoxicillin), metronidazole

45
Q

specific antihistamine drug used for motion sickness (take 1 hour before possible motion sickness)

A

meclizine

46
Q

this drug class is most effective for healing esophagitis and decreased incidence of strictures (GERD); take before first meal

A

PPIs

47
Q

this medication is used to help control pain in patients with pancreatitis

A

morphine

48
Q

take antacids ____________ after meals and at __________

A

1-3 hours, bedtime

49
Q

this drug used for nausea/vomiting should only be used when other therapies are not effective due to potential for abuse and sedation

A

dronabinol (cannabinoid)

50
Q

side effects of this drug class include CNS (anxiety to hallucinations) and extrapyramidal effects (tremor and dyskinesia)

A

prokinetics

51
Q

drug that causes contents of colon to be more acidic and reduces ammonia levels in the blood

A

lactulose

52
Q

this drug burns veins (caustic agent); never IV push

A

promethazine (phenothiazine)

53
Q

these three medications can be used to help treat esophageal varices

A

prophylactic antibiotics, octreotide, vitamin K

54
Q

these two drugs are given to prevent hepatic encephalopathy from breakdown of blood and release of ammonia in intestine (varices)

A

lactulose, rifaximin

55
Q

avoid this hepatitis drug in pregnancy because of teratogenic effects on embryo and developing fetus

A

ribavirin

56
Q

three PPIs to know (GERD)

A

omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole (think -prazole)

57
Q

H2 receptor blockers: onset ________; duration up to ________

A

1 hour; 12 hours

58
Q

antacid use can cause __________________

A

electrolyte imbalances

59
Q

four adjunct drug classes and one specific drug used to treat peptic ulcer disease

A

antacids, H2 blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, anticholinergics, misoprostol

Nursing of Adults I (21 decks)

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