Exam 5 Drugs to Know

Question 1

put patients taking this drug on fall risk due to sedation and hypotension (do not take with CNS depressants)

Answer 1

promethazine (phenothiazine)

Question 2

this drug decreases ammonia-forming bacteria (not commonly given)

Answer 2

neomycin

Question 3

cautiously use antacids in these four patients due to increased sodium

Answer 3

older adults, cirrhosis, hypertension, renal

Question 4

this drug class is given as IV bolus followed by an infusion for an upper GI bleed

Answer 4

PPI

Question 5

this drug is contraindicated with SSRIs (causes serotonin syndrome)

Answer 5

ondansetron (5-HT3/serotonin antagonist)

Question 6

drug class that can reduce instance of hemorrhage of esophageal varices by decreasing high portal pressure (two specific in parentheses)

Answer 6

beta blockers (nadolol, propranolol)

Question 7

to treat bile reflux gastritis, administer this specific drug that binds bile salts

Answer 7

cholestyramine

Question 8

if a patient is in renal failure, do not give antacids with ____________

Answer 8

magnesium

Question 9

cytoprotective drug therapy (specific drug) that protects esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

Answer 9

sucralfate

Question 10

four drugs that may be used to treat chronic hepatitis C (two of these in parentheses may be combined to treat)

Answer 10

interferon alpha, ribavirin, telaprevir, boceprevir (interferon alpha, ribavirin)

Question 11

drug used for delayed gastric emptying (and pyloric stenosis in pediatrics)

Answer 11

metoclopramide (prokinetic)

Question 12

drug class FDA approved specifically for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting

Answer 12

neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists

Question 13

this drug used for nausea/vomiting can also be used for vertigo

Answer 13

meclizine

Question 14

three antacids to know (GERD)

Answer 14

aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide

Question 15

IBD drug class that decreases inflammation

Answer 15

corticosteroids

Question 16

this drug class reduces gastric acid secretion associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Answer 16

PPI

Question 17

use and route of octreotide

Answer 17

use: decrease portal pressure
route: IV

Question 18

medication given to cirrhosis patients who are combative due to hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 18

Serax

Question 19

may cause extrapyramidal side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, especially with chronic use or high doses

Answer 19

metoclopramide (prokinetic)

Question 20

three specific medications that can be used to treat gallbladder disorders

Answer 20

ursodiol (Actigall), chenodeoxycholic acid (Chenix), cholestyramine (Questran)

Question 21

this drug can be used in combination with vasopressin to reduce its effects (in treating esophageal varices)

Answer 21

nitroglycerine

Question 22

this drug class increases gastric emptying and motility (GERD)

Answer 22

prokinetics

Question 23

two drug classes used to treat acute gastritis

Answer 23

PPIs, H2 receptor blockers

Question 24

five drugs that sucralfate binds to (decreases activity of)

Answer 24

cimetidine, digoxin, warfarin, phenytoin, tetracycline

Question 25

this gallbladder disorder specific medication promotes bile salt excretion

Answer 25

cholestyramine (Questran)

Question 26

unless on chemotherapy, do not give more than ______ per day of ondansetron disintegrating tablet

Answer 26

8 mg

Question 27

this medication is used to prevent tetany in patients with pancreatitis

Answer 27

calcium gluconate (tetany is a symptom of hypocalcemia- this drug replaces calcium)

Question 28

three H2 blockers and PPIs used to help treat pancreatitis

Answer 28

cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), omeprazole (Prilosec)

Question 29

this specific drug blocks dopamine receptors that trigger nausea and vomiting

Answer 29

promethazine

Question 30

nausea/vomiting drug available as deep IM, oral, rectal, or IV

Answer 30

promethazine (phenothiazine)

Question 31

sucralfate works best in _____ pH; give __________ before or after antacid

Answer 31

low, 1-2 hours

Question 32

this drug class is given after the acute phase of an upper GI bleed

Answer 32

antacid

Question 33

specific drug: avoid parenteral routes due to risk of severe tissue injury

Answer 33

promethazine

Question 34

alternative drug therapy for H. pylori infection includes ___________ alone or combined with _______________ and _______________

Answer 34

bismuth, tetracycline, metronidazole

Question 35

two drug classes that are most common and effective against GERD

Answer 35

H2 receptor blockers, PPIs

Question 36

these two drug classes are used to eliminate H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease

Answer 36

antibiotics, PPI

Question 37

four drugs that may be used to treat chronic hepatitis B

Answer 37

interferon (alpha), nucleosides, nucleotide analog, lamivudine (Epivir HBV)

Question 38

this drug class neutralizes acid and provides quick relief for mild, intermittent symptoms of GERD

Answer 38

antacids

Question 39

three H2 receptor blockers to know (GERD)

Answer 39

famotidine, cimetidine, ranitidine (think -tidine)

Question 40

this drug class decreases HCl secretion and irritation (GERD)

Answer 40

H2 receptor blockers

Question 41

this drug used for nausea/vomiting is available in a patch kept on for 3 days/72 hours

Answer 41

scopolamine

Question 42

long-term use of PPIs can cause these four complications

Answer 42

osteoporosis (decreased bone density; hip, wrist, spine fractures), kidney disease, deficiency of vitamin B12 and magnesium, risk of dementia

Question 43

three antiemetic drugs used to treat nausea associated with hepatitis

Answer 43

prochlorperazine, promethazine, ondansetron

Question 44

antibiotic therapy for H. pylori includes _______ (time period) of ________________ or if allergic, ________________

Answer 44

14 days, penicillin (amoxicillin), metronidazole

Question 45

specific antihistamine drug used for motion sickness (take 1 hour before possible motion sickness)

Answer 45

meclizine

Question 46

this drug class is most effective for healing esophagitis and decreased incidence of strictures (GERD); take before first meal

Answer 46

PPIs

Question 47

this medication is used to help control pain in patients with pancreatitis

Answer 47

morphine

Question 48

take antacids ____________ after meals and at __________

Answer 48

1-3 hours, bedtime

Question 49

this drug used for nausea/vomiting should only be used when other therapies are not effective due to potential for abuse and sedation

Answer 49

dronabinol (cannabinoid)

Question 50

side effects of this drug class include CNS (anxiety to hallucinations) and extrapyramidal effects (tremor and dyskinesia)

Answer 50

prokinetics

Question 51

drug that causes contents of colon to be more acidic and reduces ammonia levels in the blood

Answer 51

lactulose

Question 52

this drug burns veins (caustic agent); never IV push

Answer 52

promethazine (phenothiazine)

Question 53

these three medications can be used to help treat esophageal varices

Answer 53

prophylactic antibiotics, octreotide, vitamin K

Question 54

these two drugs are given to prevent hepatic encephalopathy from breakdown of blood and release of ammonia in intestine (varices)

Answer 54

lactulose, rifaximin

Question 55

avoid this hepatitis drug in pregnancy because of teratogenic effects on embryo and developing fetus

Answer 55

ribavirin

Question 56

three PPIs to know (GERD)

Answer 56

omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole (think -prazole)

Question 57

H2 receptor blockers: onset ________; duration up to ________

Answer 57

1 hour; 12 hours

Question 58

antacid use can cause __________________

Answer 58

electrolyte imbalances

Question 59

four adjunct drug classes and one specific drug used to treat peptic ulcer disease

Answer 59

antacids, H2 blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, anticholinergics, misoprostol