Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dr. Longest Intro to Psych > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What is attachment?

A

a strong emotional bond between people that can last over time and distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What were the findings of Harlow with his research monkeys?

A

Harlow disproved the theory that love and comfort were not strictly physical needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the research that Ainsworth did on attachment?

A

“Strange Situation”
a standardized method to observe and classify infant attachment styles by observing how babies react to being separated from their caregiver and then reunited with them in a controlled environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Piaget’s theory of Cognitive development?

A

a model that describes how children’s thinking and reasoning change as they grow from infancy to adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the criticisms of Piaget’s work?

A

overestimating the ability of adolescence and underestimating infant’s capacity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning?

A

Obedience and punishment
Instrumental purpose
Good boy nice girl
Law and order
Social contract
Universal ethical principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development?

A

Trust V mistrust
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Initiative v guilt
School age: inferiority
Identity v role confusion
Intimacy v isolation
Generativity v stagnation
Integrity v despair
Latency /school age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three components of Emotion?

A

Physiological, behavioral, cognitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the research findings regarding polygraphs?

A

That they are not very accurate, they are trying to detect emotional arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

James Lange Theory

A

Stimulus ->Physiological response -> Emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Canon Bard Theory

A

Stimulus -> Brain Activity -> Body revs up and we get afraid at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cognitive labeling theory

A

Stimulus -> Body Revs up -> Cognitive appraisal -> We get afraid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

A

Stimulus -> Facial Expression changes -> Conscious feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cross-cultural similarities and differences in emotional expression?

A

Some facial expressions are universal (Happy, sad, mad, disgusted, etc.) but other things are not as acceptable to show (Display rules)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

(Bottom) physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization (top)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Yerkes Dodson Law?

A

States that there is an optimal level of anxiety that will improve performance on challenging tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Extrinsic Motivation

A

a motivation to participate in an activity based on meeting an external goal, winning a competition, or receiving an award or payment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Intrinsic Motivation

A

the drive to do something because it’s enjoyable or interesting, rather than for external rewards or pressures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How can rewards negatively impact internal motivation?

A

Rewards can take away the enjoyment of something because you can make someone only do a task for the reward, rather than the intrinsic value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Self Efficacy

A

a person’s belief in their ability to perform the actions needed to achieve specific goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Grit

A

Grit is the willingness and ability to persevere through challenges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Self- Regulation

A

the ability to control your thoughts, emotions, and behavior in a way that is appropriate

23
Q

Mescal’s research on delayed gratification

A

Told to child to not eat a marshmallow while he left. The children that did not eat the marshmallow were more successful in life.

The kids all focused their attention on something else so that they would not focus on the marshmallow

24
Q

Need to belong Theory

A

states that humans have a fundamental, innate motivation to form and maintain stable, positive relationships with others

25
Q

How does Anxiety influence affiliation?

A

people experiencing anxiety may tend to withdraw from social interaction or avoid close relationships due to fear of judgment or rejection

26
Q

Balance theory

A

a psychological theory that explores how people strive to maintain consistency in their attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions

27
Q

How is reciprocity involved in forming groups?

A

creating a foundation of mutual exchange and obligation

28
Q

How is transitivity involved in the formation of groups?

A

Creates symmetry in groups

29
Q

Outgroup Homogeneity effect

A

Where we see people in an outgroup as all the same, but people in out group as different and individual

30
Q

Social Identity theory

A

a social psychological theory that explains how people’s sense of self is based on their membership in social groups

31
Q

Ingroup favoritism

A

Where people in the same group show favoritism to each other, just for being in the same group

32
Q

Group Polarization

A

when a group of like-minded people reinforce each other’s opinions, positive or negative, and these opinions become more extreme as they’re discussed.

33
Q

Groupthink

A

a psychological phenomenon that occurs when a group of people prioritize harmony or conformity over critical thinking, resulting in irrational or dysfunctional decisions

34
Q

Social Facilitation

A

the phenomenon where an individual’s performance on a task improves when they are in the presence of others compared to when they are alone

35
Q

Social Loafing

A

a social psychology phenomenon where people put in less effort when working in a group than when working alone

36
Q

Deindividuation

A

a social psychological concept that describes the loss of self-awareness and identity that can occur when people are in a group or crowd

37
Q

What are the three types of social influence?

A

Conformity, Compliance, obedience

38
Q

Asch’s Study of conformity

A

a series of psychological experiments conducted by Solomon Asch in the 1950s that demonstrated how individuals are likely to conform to a group opinion, even when that opinion is clearly wrong.

Where the people agreed to obviously wrong answers about a line because everyone else said it was right

39
Q

What are the different compliance techniques?

A

Reciprocity, foot in the door, door in face, lowball

40
Q

Reciprocity

A

Someone does something for you and then asks you for something

41
Q

Foot in the door

A

When someone says yes to a smaller request, they are more likely to say yes to a bigger request

42
Q

Door in the face

A

Asking a large request, knowing you will be denied, and then asking a small request

43
Q

Lowball

A

Getting someone to agree to something and then adding information to that thing

44
Q

Milgram’s study of obedience

A

Made people shock another person for getting a question wrong

45
Q

What were the ethical concerns of Milgram’s study?

A

it could have traumatized the people, and some of the volunteers thought that they may have killed someone

46
Q

How did milligram respond to the ethical concerns?

A

he debrief the volunteers after the experiment

47
Q

What were the findings of the robbers cave state park study conducted by sherif?

A

The groups of boys at a camp. when groups are placed in a competitive situation with limited resources, they develop strong ingroup identities, hostility towards the outgroup, and intergroup conflict

48
Q

Bystander intervention affect

A

where in a large group, people will not help someone in a situation because they think someone else will do it

49
Q

mere exposure effect

A

a psychological phenomenon that describes how people tend to prefer things they are familiar with

50
Q

Cognitive dissonance

A

a psychological state where someone experiences discomfort when their beliefs, values, or attitudes conflict with their actions

51
Q

What were Festinger’s findings?

A

The higher paid volunteers were consistent in their belief that the tasks were boring. The conclusion Festinger and Carlsmith came to was that the volunteers paid twenty dollars (which was a lot of money in the 1950s) felt less cognitive dissonance about lying, because the money justified the lie.

52
Q

Elaboration liklihood model

A

a theory that explains how people process information and change their attitudes in response to persuasion

53
Q
A

Dr. Longest Intro to Psych (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions