Exam 4

Question 1

What is the definition of personality

Answer 1

the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character.

Question 2

how are consistency and distinctiveness related to the definition of personality

Answer 2

Consistent personalities are stable, and distinctive personalities vary among people

Question 3

how are trait approaches to personality defined?

Answer 3

the description you would give someone

Question 4

What are the components of the big five model?

Answer 4

extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism

Question 5

What are strengths of trait approach?

Answer 5

very good at describing what people are like

Question 6

What are the weaknesses of trait approach?

Answer 6

not good at explanation

Question 7

What are the characteristics of humanistic approach to personality?

Answer 7

an innate tendency toward growth. We all want to become the best person we can be. Humanists apply this to personality

Question 8

How do learning and cognition influence the development of personality?

Answer 8

shaping how individuals interpret and respond to their environment, forming beliefs, expectations, and self-perceptions that ultimately guide their behavior

Question 9

What are self report personality tests?

Answer 9

you answer questions about yourself

Question 10

What is a projective test?

Answer 10

A test that uses an ambiguous stimulus

Question 11

What is a projective hypothesis?

Answer 11

Each one of us projects our own personality into an ambiguous object

Question 12

What information is provided by the DSM?

Answer 12

detailed information about the symptoms, criteria, and classifications of mental disorders

Question 13

What are the criteria and etiology of Anxiety disorders?

Answer 13

Difficulty concentrating
Disturbed sleep
Irritability
Feeling on edge or irritable
Difficulty controlling the worrying
Muscle tension
Easy fatigability
Feel overly anxious to fit in

Question 14

What is the criteria and etiology for OCD?

Answer 14

Obsessions and Compulsions
distress or impairment
aren’t caused by outside factor

Question 15

What are the criteria for mood disorders?

Answer 15

Feeling sad or anxious
Feeling hopeless or helpless
Low self-esteem
Worthlessness
Excessive guilt
Sleep problems
Appetite changes
Fatigue
Poor concentration
Trouble making decisions
Excessive emotional sensitivity

Question 16

What is the criteria for bipolar disorder?

Answer 16

To be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a person must have experienced at least one episode of mania or hypomania. To be considered mania, the elevated, expansive, or irritable mood must last for at least one week and be present most of the day, nearly every day

Question 17

What is the criteria for PTSD

Answer 17

To meet the criteria for PTSD, a person must have symptoms for longer than 1 month, and the symptoms must be severe enough to interfere with aspects of daily life, such as relationships or work. The symptoms also must be unrelated to medication, substance use, or other illness.

Question 18

What is the criteria for dissociative disorders?

Answer 18

The existence of two or more distinct identities (or “personality states

Question 19

What is the criteria for schizophrenia?

Answer 19

Hallucinations, disorganized thinking or speech, disorganized catatonic behavior

Question 20

What are positive symptoms in schizophrenia?

Answer 20

Hallucinations, disorganized thinking, disorganized catatonic behavior,

Question 21

What is a negative schizophrenia symptom?

Answer 21

Apathy, no emotion, lack of communication q

Question 22

What causes schizophrenia?

Answer 22

Genetics, neurotransmitters, brain abnormalities, poverty

Question 23

Anorexia

Answer 23

Significantly underweight, fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image

Question 24

Bulimia

Answer 24

Binge eating, laxatives, throwing up

Question 25

what are personality disorders?

Answer 25

Maladaptive way of interacting with the world

Question 26

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 26

Aggressive, manipulative, lack remorse, no empathy

Question 27

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 27

Abandonment, impulsivity

Question 28

What is psychotherapy?

Answer 28

changing behaviors, emotions, and thoughts,

Question 29

What is an eclectic approach?

Answer 29

where a therapist takes multiple different views and combines them

Question 30

Psychodynamic appraoch

Answer 30

The goal is insight from the unconscious

Question 31

Behavioral approach

Answer 31

to change the behavior or symptom

Question 32

Cognitive approach

Answer 32

Trying to change the thought patterns

Question 33

humanistic approach

Answer 33

helping someone to find their best possible self by use of unconditional positive regard

Question 34

What disorders are antipsychotic medications used for?

Answer 34

Schizophrenia

Question 35

What is Tardive Dyskinesia?

Answer 35

An involuntary twitching of muscles. IT is a major side effect from antipsychotic drugs

Question 36

What do mood stabilizing drugs treat?

Answer 36

Bipolar disorder

Question 37

What is the goal of biological approaches?

Answer 37

To directly alter brain function

Question 38

how is ECT used?

Answer 38

electric shock is administered to the brain to treat severe depression that hasn’t responded to anything else

Question 39

what are the most effective psychotherapy approaches?

Answer 39

it depends on what is wrong