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1532 A&P > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

blood (erythrocytes) in the urine

A

hematuria

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2
Q

failure of the kidneys to produce urine

A

anuria

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3
Q

having urea in the blood

A

uremia

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4
Q

production of abnormally large volumes of urine

A

polyuria

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5
Q

production of abnormally small amounts of urine

A

oliguria

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6
Q

checklist prior to admin of IV contrast

A
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7
Q

parts of the urinary system

A

2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 bladder
1 urethra

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8
Q

filling technique (upper ut)
study to show the function of the kidney
contrast enter kidneys in the normal direction of blood flow
direct injection into the kidney
IV contrast administration
pyelography

A

antegrade

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9
Q

(lower ut)
do not demonstrate kidney function
contrast introduced against the normal flow
urethral catheterization (foley)
direct injection
cystography (bladder)
cystoureterography (lower ureters)
cystourethrography (urethra)
indicated for evaluation of collecting system in patients with renal insufficiency or contrast sensitivity

A

retrograde

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10
Q

what is the function of the kidneys?

A

filtration, reabsorption, secretion

A - controlling ACID base balance (H+, HCO3-)
W - controlling WATER balance
E - maintaining ELECTROLYTE balance
T - removing TOXINS and waste products. from the body
B - controlling BLOOD PRESSURE (renin, Na+, H2O)
E - producing the hormone ERYTHROPOIETIN
D - activating vitamin D

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11
Q

a congenital urological anomaly where you have one larger, __________ shaped kidney instead of two smaller kidney

A

horseshoe

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12
Q

an examination that investigates the bladder, lower ureters, and the urethra

A

cystourethrography

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13
Q

term used for the radiographic demonstration of the renal pelvis and calyces

A

pyelography

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14
Q

an imaging test that examines the urinary tract using a contrast dye and either a CT scan or X-ray

A

urogram

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15
Q

IV contrast contradictions

A

diabetes
elevated BUN or creatinine
pregnancy
HX of contrast reactions

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16
Q

calculus (stones) cause what?

A

blood in the urine (hematuria) and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin

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17
Q

detailed pictures of the upper urinary tract, including the ureters and kidneys. determines the exact location of the calculi within the collecting system

A

retrograde pyelography

18
Q

formed by major calyces
lies within the hilum

A

renal pelvis

19
Q

moderate reaction to IV contrast symptoms

A

nausea
vomiting
wheezing
hypertension

20
Q

possibly cause of obstruction of the ureter and exam to show obstruction

A

hydronephrosis
intravenous urography (IVU)

21
Q

oblique view degrees of rotation

A

30 degrees

22
Q

ureter bladder junction

A

located where the ureter (the tube that drains urine from the kidney) meets the bladder, known as ureterovesical junction (UVJ)

23
Q

outer covering of kidneys

A

renal capsule

24
Q

outer layer of renal tissue of kidneys

A

renal cortex

25
Q

inner layer of renal tissue of kidneys (renal pyramids)

A

renal medulla

26
Q

extensions of cortex between renal pyramids

A

renal columns

27
Q

essential microscopic component of kidney
functional part of kidney

A

nephron

28
Q

what type of catheters are used for exams?

A
  • intermittent catheters
  • indwelling (foley) catheters
29
Q

remain in the bladder for extended periods, used for continuous bladder drainage

A

indwelling (foley) catheters

30
Q

used for one-time bladder emptying and inserted through the urethra

A

intermittent catheters

31
Q

“through the skin”
refers to a procedure that accesses internal organs or tissues through a needle puncture in the skin, rather than through an incision

A

percutaneous

32
Q

when two ureters coming from a single kidney. these two ureters can drain independently into the bladder or connect and drain as a single ureter into the bladder. can occur in one or both kidneys

A

system duplication

33
Q

childhood tumor, nephroblastoma

A

wilm’s tumor

34
Q

the spread of pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, or cancer cells, through the bloodstream

A

hematogenous dissemination

35
Q

a deep fissure in the medial border of the kidney that allows for the entry and exit of nerves, vessels, lymphatics, and ureters

A

renal hilum

36
Q

anatomy of the kidney (6 questions)

A
37
Q

radiographic images of certain exams. what does each exam look like on x-rays?

A
38
Q

a lower urinary tract infection that involves the bladder and or the urethra

A

cystitis

39
Q

which IV contrast has more adverse reactions?

A

ionic contrast media

40
Q

gauges of needles? what is small or large?

A

the bigger the number (gauge), the smaller the needle (diameter)

41
Q

PPE’s for venipuncture

A

gloves, mask, and safety glasses

42
Q

venipuncture safety

A

the 5 rights of medication administration
- right patient
- right medication
- right route
- right amount
- right time

1532 A&P (7 decks)

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