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PNS > Exam 4 Study Guide of the Eye > Flashcards

Exam 4 Study Guide of the Eye Flashcards

1
Q

The range of the visible wavelength is

A

400-700 nm

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2
Q

They can respond to

A

Varying luminance
sensitivity of form
movement
distance

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3
Q

The functions or modalities of an eye include

A 
Sensitivity to minute changes in luminosity
Dark-adapted scotopic vision
Discrimination of form
Discrimination of movement
Color in light-adapted photopic vision
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4
Q

The paired eyes can perform

A

Panoramic vision
Binocular vision
Stereoscopic vision

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5
Q

The lateral walls of the two orbits diverge at approximately ___ degrees

A

90

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6
Q

Name the mucous membrane which lines the inner surface of the eyelids

A

Palpebral conjunctiva

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7
Q

Name the fibrous tissues extends from the orbital margin to the eyelids to protect the orbital contents

A

Orbital septum

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8
Q

Name the bones which forms the superior wall or roof of the orbit

A

Orbital part of the frontal bone

Lesser wing of sphenoid

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9
Q

All of the following form the medial wall of the orbit except:

  • ethmoid bone
  • lacrimal bone
  • sphenoid bone
  • palatine bone
A

Palatine bone

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10
Q

Name the four bones which form the medial wall of the orbit

A

Ethmoid, lacrimal, sphenoid, frontal

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11
Q

Name the features which is located between the lateral and inferior orbital walls

A

Inferior orbital fissure

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12
Q

The apex of the orbit is in the ___ of ___ bone

A

Optic canal of sphenoid bone

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13
Q

Name the bones which form the base of the orbital margin

A

Frontal, zygomatic, maxillary

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14
Q

The periorbita is continuous with the dura mater through the ___ and ___

A

Optic canal and superior orbital fissure

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15
Q

Name the the transparent structures which is attached to the anterior surface of the eyeball

A

Bulbar conjunctiva

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16
Q

The conjunctival sac is the space bounded by the ___ and ___

A

Palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

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17
Q

The palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi is in the connective tissue between the ___ and ___

A

Tarsi and skin of eyelids

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18
Q

The tarsal glands are located in the superior and inferior ___

A

tarsi

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19
Q

The ciliary glands are located in the margin of ___

A

Eyelids

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20
Q

Name the enzyme which is bactericidal in the lacrimal fluid

A

Lysozyme

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21
Q

The orbital and palpebral parts of the lacrimal gland are divided by

A

The tendon of the levator palpebrae superioris

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22
Q

Name the entire pathway of the parasympathetic secretomotor nerve from the cranial nucleus to the lacrimal gland

A

Superior salivatory nucleus, Facial n, Genicular ganglion, Greater petrosal n, Zygomatic n of maxillary, Zygomaticotemporal, Lacrimal n of ophthalmic, Lacrimal gland

23
Q

Name the entire pathway of the sympathetic postsynaptic motor nerve to the lacrimal gland

A

Superior cervical ganglion, Internal carotid n, Internal carotid plexus, Deep petrosal n, N of the pterygoid canal, Pterygopalatine ganglion, Zygomatic n of maxillary, Zygomaticotemporal, Lacrimal n of ophthalmic, Lacrimal gland

24
Q

Name the structure which conveys the lacrimal fluid from the lacrimal sac to the inferior nasal meatus

A

Lacrimal ducts

25
Q

The outer fibrous layer of the eyeball consists of ___ and ___

A

Sclera and cornea

26
Q

Name the structure which covers the anterior one sixth of the eyeball

A

Cornea

27
Q

The vascular layer of the eyeball is called

A

Uvea or uveal tract

28
Q

The vascular layer of the eyeball consists of what 3 structures

A

Choroid, ciliary body, and iris

29
Q

Within the choroid, larger vessels are located internally. true or false

A

True

30
Q

Name the innermost layer of the choroid

A

Choricocapillaris

31
Q

The ciliary body is connected anteriorly with ___ and posteriorly with ___

A

Iris

Choroid

32
Q

The anterior chamber of the eye is the space between the ___ anteriorly and ___ posteriorly

A

Cornea

Iris and pupil

33
Q

Sympathetic responses to the pupil are faster than the parasympathetic responses. true or false

A

False

34
Q

Name the single layer of cells that reinforce the light-absorbing property of the choroid in reducing the scattering of light in the eyeball

A

Pigment cell layer

35
Q

Name 2 features on the fundus of the eyeball

A

Optic disc and Fovea centralis

36
Q

The optic disc is sensitive to color. true or false

A

False (insensitive to light)

37
Q

Name the feature that is specialized for acuity of vision

A

Fovea centralis of macula lutea

38
Q

The functional optic part of the retina terminates anteriorly along the

A

Ora serrata

39
Q

Name the main artery that supplies the retina

A

Central artery of the retina of ophthalmic artery

40
Q

Name the refractive media of the eyeball which pass through the light waves to the retina in order

A

Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, and retina

41
Q

The cornea is innervated by the ___

A

Long ciliary ganglion of Nasociliary N

42
Q

Name two veins through which the aqueous humor is drained through the limbal plexus

A

Vorticose and anterior ciliary vein

43
Q

The lens of the eye is anchored by the ___ to the ciliary body

A

Zonular fibers

44
Q

Name the nerve which causes the near vision with the ciliary muscle constriction

A

Short ciliary n, parasympathetic

45
Q

Name two main arteries which supply the eye

A

Ophthalmic A of Internal carotid A

Maxillary A of External carotid A

46
Q

The central vein of the retina drains into the ___ or ___

A

Cavernous sinus or subophthalmic vein

47
Q

The aqueous humor drains directly into the:

  • sclera venous sinus
  • limbal plexus
  • vorticose veins
  • anterior ciliary veins
A

Sclera venous sinus

48
Q

The retinal detachment usually results from the fluid accumulation between ___ and ___ layers of the retina

A

Neural and pigment cell layers

49
Q

The papilledema results from increases intracranial pressure through the subarachnoid space around the optic nerve. True or False

A

True

50
Q

Horner syndrome results from interruption of

A

Cervical sympathetic trunk

51
Q

The Horner syndrome includes all the following except:

  • miosis
  • ptosis
  • vasodilation
  • hydrosis
A

Hydrosis (should be anhydrosis)

52
Q

The paralysis of the superior tarsal muscle may cause

A

Ptosis

53
Q

The glaucoma is caused by decrease drainage of aqueous humor through

A

Sclera venous sinus

PNS (23 decks)

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