CN I Olfactory

Question 1

Olfactory nerves are often described as an extension of what system?

Answer 1

Central nerve system

Question 2

The primary olfactory neurons are what type of neurons?

Answer 2

Bipolar

Question 3

Where are primary olfactory neurons located?

Answer 3

In olfactory epithelium or mucosa on the superior nasal concha and the adjacent part of the ethmoidal perpendicular plate

Question 4

What is below the perpendicular plate?

Answer 4

Septal cartilage

Question 5

What is the superficial end of the olfactory neuron that slightly extends beyond the surface of the epithelium?

Answer 5

Olfactory vesicle

Question 6

Each olfactory vesicle is attached by many of these

Answer 6

Olfactory cilia

Question 7

What is the function of olfactory cilia?

Answer 7

Detect odorant

Question 8

This is 15-20 bundles of nerve fibers of olfactory neurons

Answer 8

Fila olfactoria

Question 9

The fila olfactoria passes through what opening of bone?

Answer 9

Cribriform plate of ethmoid

Question 10

What are the secondary olfactory neurons that the fila olfactoria synapse with?

Answer 10

Mainly mitral cells and some tufted cells in the olfactory bulb

Question 11

How long do we keep olfactory receptor neurons for?

Answer 11

They are continually replaced

Question 12

List the layers of the laminar structure beginning at the surface working inward

Answer 12

Olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer, granule cell layer, and nerve fibers tract

Question 13

This layer consists of unmyelinated axons of the olfactory neurons

Answer 13

Olfactory nerve layer

Question 14

This layer has a thin sheet of glomeruli where the incoming olfactory axons divide and synapse on terminal dendrites of secondary neurons

Answer 14

Glomerular layer

Question 15

Name some secondary olfactory neurons in the glomerular layer

Answer 15

Mitral, tufted, and periglomerular cells

Question 16

This layer contains the principal and secondary dendrites of mitral and tufted cells

Answer 16

External plexiform layer

Question 17

In the mitral layer, each cell sends a single principle dendrite to where?

Answer 17

Glomerulus

Question 18

In the mitral layer, each cell sends a secondary dendrites to where?

Answer 18

External plexiform layer and a single axon to the olfactory tract

Question 19

The mitral layer contains a few granule cells bodies which form this

Answer 19

Nucleus of termination

Question 20

This layer contains axons, recurrent and deep collaterals of mitral cells, tufted cells, and granule cell bodies

Answer 20

Internal plexiform layer

Question 21

This layer is extended into the olfactory tract as scattered medium-sized multipolar neurons

Answer 21

Granule cell layer

Question 22

The multipolar neurons of the granule cell layer constitute what?

Answer 22

Anterior olfactory nucleus

Question 23

The olfactory tract extends to the anterior olfactory nucleus to form this

Answer 23

Olfactory trigone

Question 24

What does the trigone split into?

Answer 24

Medial and lateral olfactory striae

Question 25

What are the principal neurons in the olfactory bulb?

Answer 25

Mitral and tufted cells

Question 26

Which two cells make up the main intrinsic neuron in the bulb?

Answer 26

Periglomerular and granule cells

Question 27

These cells distribute their axons laterally and terminate within extraglomerular regions

Answer 27

Periglomerular cells

Question 28

These cells have no axon, ramify and terminate in the external plexiform layer, and have a powerful inhibitory influence on the output neurons of the bulb

Answer 28

Granule cells

Question 29

Once the medial striae cross the median plane in the anterior commissure, where does it end?

Answer 29

Subcallosal area

Question 30

What does the subcallosal area consist of?

Answer 30

Parolfactory and paraterminal area

Question 31

The subcallosal area is connected with the parahippocampal gyrus by way of what?

Answer 31

Cingular gyrus

Question 32

The lateral striae continues into this gyrus

Answer 32

Gyrus semilunaris

Question 33

What area does the lateral striae end?

Answer 33

Entorhinal area

Question 34

What does the lateral striae pass on its way to the entorhinal area?

Answer 34

The parahippocampal gyrus, amigdaloid body, uncut, and piriform area on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe

Question 35

What brodmann area is the uncut?

Answer 35

Brodmann area 34

Question 36

The olfactory brain

Answer 36

Uncus

Question 37

The uncus is connected with the visceral brain through this

Answer 37

Fornix

Question 38

Describe the olfactory fibers as a whole

Answer 38

They are minute and devoid of any covering

Question 39

Damage to any part of the olfactory system may result in what?

Answer 39

Hyposmia or anosmia