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Exam 4 Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The splanchnic component of the autonomic nervous system innervates all of the following except:

  • viscera
  • glands
  • blood vessels
  • striated muscle
A

Striated muscle (should be non-striated)

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2
Q

There are at least two neurons which interpose between the central to somatic effectors. True or False

A

False (central to visceral effectors)

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3
Q

Axons of the primary neurons of the autonomic nervous system are usually unmyelinated and pass to the peripheral ganglia. True or False

A

False (myelinated)

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4
Q

The disproportion between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons is lesser in the parasympathetic system than in the sympathetic system. True or False

A

True

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5
Q

The disproportion between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system is 1:___

A

1: 15-20

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6
Q

Which of the following has the largest disproportion between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons?

  • somatic efferent nervous system
  • sympathetic nervous system
  • parasympathetic nervous system
  • branchial efferent nervous system
A

Sympathetic nervous system

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7
Q

The visceral afferent paths resemble somatic efferent paths. True or False

A

False (resemble somatic afferent)

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8
Q

The parasympathetic preganglionic efferent fibers emerge through all of the following except:

  • oculomotor nerve
  • trigeminal nerve
  • vagus
  • second sacral nerve
A

Trigeminal nerve

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9
Q

The sympathetic preganglionic efferent fibers appear through all thoracic and first, second, and/or third lumbar spinal nerves which is known as ___ outflow.

A

Thoracolumbar

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10
Q

What nerves are included in the sympathetic preganglionic efferent fibers outflow?

A

T1-L2 or L3

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11
Q

The enteric nervous system contains all of the following reflex pathways except:

  • striated muscular contractions
  • digestive enzyme secretion
  • peristalsis reflex
  • blood flow
A

Striated muscular contraction

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12
Q

All of the following carries myelinated preganglionic parasympathetic axons except:

  • facial nerve
  • accessory cranial nerve
  • third sacral spinal nerve
  • trigeminal nerve
A

Trigeminal nerve

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13
Q

Name the myelinated preganglionic parasympathetic nerves

A 
Oculomotor
Facial
Accessory cranial neve
Vagal
S2, S3, S4
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14
Q

All of the following are peripheral ganglia of the cranial part of the parasympathetic system except:

  • otic ganglion
  • genicular ganglion
  • submandibular ganglion
  • ciliary ganglion
A

Genicular ganglion

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15
Q

Name the four peripheral ganglia of the parasympathetic system

A

Otic
Pterygopalatine
Submandibular
Ciliary

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16
Q

Name the nerve which carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the constrictor pupillae.

A

Short ciliary N

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17
Q

Name the nerve which carries facial preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the main facial trunk

A

Chorda Tympani of facial nerve

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18
Q

Which of the following nerves mainly carries the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the main facial nerve trunk to the parotid gland?

  • posterior auricular nerve
  • lacrimal nerve
  • greater petrosal nerve
  • nerve to stapedius
A

Lacrimal nerve (glossopharyngeal from inferior salivatory nucleus)

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19
Q

Name the branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve which carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

A

Tympanic nerve

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20
Q

Which of the following ganglia is not a peripheral ganglion for the cranial parasympathetic nerve?

  • Genicular ganglion
  • Submandibular ganglion
  • Otic ganglion
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion
A

Genicular ganglion

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21
Q

The pulmonary branch of the vagus is a bronchiodilator. True or False

A

False

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22
Q

The pelvic splanchnic nerve supply vasodilator fibers to all of the following except:

  • corpora cavernosa
  • corpus spongiosum
  • glans of the penis
  • prepuce
A

Glans of the penis

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23
Q

Name the branch of the facial nerve which carries the preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to control small glands in the nasal cavity, palates, and nasal sinuses above the oral cavity.

A

Greater Petrosal N of Facial

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24
Q

Name the branch of the facial nerve which carries the preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to control the salivary glands and lingual glands below the oral cavity.

A

Chorda tympani of Facial

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25
Name the branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve which carries the parasympathetic efferent fibers to the parotid gland.
Tympanic nerve of Glossopharyngeal
26
The disproportion or ratio of the sympathetic nervous system between the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers is ___
1: 196
27
The sympathetic nervous system innervates all of the following except: - sweat glands - ciliary body - arrectores pilorum - constrictor pupillae
Constrictor pupillae
28
Name the spinal cord segments where the somata of the preganglionic sympathetic fibers arise
T1-L2 or L3
29
What is the size in diameter of the axons of the white ramus communicants?
1.5 - 4 microns
30
Name the spinal cord segments of the outflow of the sympathetic nervous system
Thoracolumbar outflow
31
How many white rami communicans arise from the thoracic spinal nerve?
14 pairs of spinal cord
32
The sympathetic preganglionic fibers pass in the ventral spinal root as myelinated fibers. True or False
True
33
To reach a sympathetic ganglion, the preganglionic sympathetic fibers behave as the following except: - they synapse in the nearest ganglion - they transverse the nearest ganglion to reach the celiac ganglion to synapse - they transverse the nearest ganglion and ascend or descend in the sympathetic chain to reach another ganglion for synapse - they transverse the sympathetic chain ganglia and reach the effector organs to synapse
The last answer!
34
The postganglionic sympathetic fibers return to the spinal nerves through the white/gray rami communicans
Gray rami communicans
35
Most peripheral nerves contain postganglionic parasympathetic fibers. True or False
False (sympathetic)
36
Peripheral autonomic activity is integrated at the brainstem which includes all of the following except: - limbic system - thalamus - hypophysis - hypothalamus
Hypophysis
37
The internal carotid plexus communicates laterally with all of the following except: - pterygopalatine ganglion - tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal - ciliary ganglion - abducent nerve
Ciliary ganglion
38
Name the four structures the internal carotid plexus communicates with
Pterygopalatine ganglion Tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal Abducent nerve Trigeminal nerve
39
Name the nerve which sends vasomotor rami to the hypophysis cerebri
Internal carotid plexus
40
Name the artery on which the right and left sympathetic system connect each other in the cranial cavity
Anterior communicating artery of Anterior cerebral artery
41
Name the sympathetic nerve which supplies the carotid body and pharyngeal plexus
Laryngopharyngeal branches
42
The largest sympathetic cardiac nerve arises from the ___ ganglion
Middle cervical ganglion
43
Name the sympathetic nerve which supplies the otic ganglion and the genicular ganglion
Internal carotid plexus
44
Name the ganglia which sends branches to enclose the vertebral artery
Middle cervical ganglion
45
Name the spinal cord segments which send the preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the head and neck
Upper 3 or 5 thoracic nerves
46
Name the sympathetic nerve which loops the first part of the subclavian artery
Ansa subclavia (loops both R and L)
47
The thoracic sympathetic trunk passes through the ___ to become the lumbar sympathetic trunk.
Crus of the diaphragm
48
The thoracic sympathetic trunk passes through or posterior to the following structures except: - medial arcuate ligament - right crus of diaphragm - lateral arcuate ligament - left crus of diaphragm
Lateral arcuate ligament
49
The thoracic sympathetic trunk passes dorsal to the ___ to become the lumbar sympathetic trunk
Medial arcuate ligament
50
The greater splanchnic nerve is formed by branches from the T5 to T9 or T10 ganglia. True or False
True
51
Name the thoracic sympathetic ganglia which form the lesser splanchnic nerve
T9 & T10
52
The lowest splanchnic nerve enters the abdominal cavity through the ___
Crus of diaphragm
53
How many lumbar sympathetic ganglia are in the human body on each side?
4 interconnected ganglia
54
All of the following are correct description about the lumbar sympathetic ganglia and trunk except: - located in the extraperitoneal space - located anterolateral to the lumbar vertebra - located along the lateral margin of the psoas major - superiorly it is posterior to the medial arcuate ligament
Located along the lateral margin of the psoas major (should be medial)
55
The first lumbar splanchnic nerve joins the following plexuses except: - celiac plexus - intermesenteric plexus - renal plexus - superior hypogastric plexus
Superior hypogastric plexus
56
Name the nerve which joins the hypogastric nerve from the lumbar sympathetic chain ganglia.
Fourth lumbar splanchnic nerve
57
Name the artery on which the lower lumbar splanchnic nerves form a plexus. - common iliac artery - internal iliac artery - external iliac artery - obturator nerve
Common iliac artery
58
The pelvic sympathetic trunk locates medial to the ventral sacral foramina. True or False
False (anterior sacral foramina)
59
Which of the following is not a correct description of the pelvic sympathetic trunk with its ganglia? - it sends grey rami communicants to the sacral and coccygeal spinal nerves - it lies laterally to the ventral sacral foramina - it has 4 or 5 interconnected ganglia - inferiorly the R or L trunk converge to the ganglion impar
It lies laterally to the ventral sacral foramina (should be medially)
60
The ganglion impar is the part of the parasympathetic nervous system. True or False
False (sympathetic)
61
The heart receives the sympathetic fibers from the
T1- T5
62
The segmental sympathetic nerves to kidney are
T10 - L1
63
Name the two interconnected ganglionated plexuses in the enteric nervous system.
Myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus | Submucous plexus
64
The submucous plexus extends from ___ to the ___
Stomach to the internal anal sphincter
65
The submucous plexus is between what layers
Mucus muscularis and internal circular muscle layer
66
What do the enteric sensory neurons monitor?
Intestinal wall tension and intestinal contents

PNS (23 decks)

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