Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

school > Exam 4 senior year > Flashcards

Exam 4 senior year Flashcards

1
Q

referred to as a unit, sum of the total of the changes that normally take place from brith to death

A

growth and development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

an increase of # and size of cells resulting in overall increase of size and weight of the whole or any any parts

A

growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

changes that are due to genetic inheritance

A

maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

referes to the predictable physiological, psysiological, psychosocial and cognitive chnges occuring over ones life span

A

development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cephalocaudal

A

head to toe

head developes first then trunk, and last the legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

proximodistal

A

near to far

from central axis of body to extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is development unique for each child

A

yes all grow at each individuals own pace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

is development interrelated

A

yes physiological, psychosocial, gognitice and moral aspects of development are affected by one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

is developemnt differentiated

A

yes, growth becomes more specific and skillful as a child grows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Erikson

A

psychosocial development, during each stage there is a crisis to be resolved and a virtue to be fained. according to erikson, failure to properly master each step leads to problems in the future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Piaget

A

Cognitive Development, process by which developing individuals become acquainted with the world and the objects it contains
(sensorimotor 0-2ys, preoperational (2-4), cognitive thought phase (4-7), concrete operational (7-11/12), formal operations ( 11/12 & older))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Kohlberg

A

Moral reasoning, moral development is based on cognitive development and consists of three major levels
preconventional level
conventional level
post conventional level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

wernickes area

A

reason and process language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do we hear

A

hear at the primary auditory cortex to wenickies area to Brocas to primary motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fowler

A

Spiritual development, 7 stages that are closely associated with cognitive and psycnosocial development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

group of 2 or more people birth or adopted or marriage in the same home

A

Family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Developmental theory (Duval)

A

8 stages starting at beginning family ending with families in later years, this theory assesses a families current stage and ability to accomplish the tasks of that particular stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Family stress theory

A

examines how families deal with normative and nonnormative stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Family systems theory

A

views family as a system where all family members interace interdependently with one another. emphasizes family elements and the processes existing within and between families and their various enviornments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

stage 1 of developmental theory

A

marriage and independent home

make decisions about parenthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

stage 2 of developmental theory

A

families with infants

parent infant attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

stage 3 of developmental theory

A

families with preschoolers

socialize children, parent/child adjust to seperation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

stage 4 of developmental theory

A

families with school children

child est peer relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

stage 5 of developmental theory

A

families with teenagers

increase autonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

stage 6 of developmental theory

A

families as launching centers

renegotiate marital relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

stage 7 of developmental theory

A

middle age families
deal with disbilities and death, regain relationships with grandparents/in laws
bridging the gap, grandparenting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

stage 8 of developmental theory

A

aging families

shift from work to retirement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

married couple with biolgical children

A

traditional (nuclear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

married couple with biological and step/adopted/foster children

A

nuclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

mother or father with child or children

A

single parent from divorce death or unmarried woman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

joint custody

A

bi-nuclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

mother and or father with children are divoreced and remary (now have step children)

A

reconstitued or step family (brady bunch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

grandmother/father, mother/father, children

A

extended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

multiple mates

A

polygamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

share a common property, share child rearing

A

communal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

authoritarian (dictatorial)

A

child can be very dependent, low self esteem, akward in society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

permissive or laissez faire

A

rearely punished, kids control parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

authoritative or democratic

A

rules for a reason, coundries are realistic and explained, well balanced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

native americans

A
  • issues with alcoholism, pverty, poor health/hygine, smoking, skin ca, maternal morbidity is higher
  • family, spirits, nature are important
  • herbal/natural remedies, rituals for safe delivery/baby
  • wont braid hair when pregnant
  • home birth/midwife, only women allowed
  • breast feed, recovery is quick after child birth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

white americans

A
  • technology based, father involvement
  • future orientation
  • L&D hospital, MD in charge
  • postpartum is stressful mult roles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

arab americans

A
  • the more intrusive the procedure the more confidnet they feel
  • having children will increase status of parents, wont tell about past Hx
  • present day thinking
  • L&D only women, very vocal, dont want help
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Hispanic americans

A
  • traditions, father has last say
  • issues lack of health care, prenatal care
  • miscarriage rate high, heavy babies, hot/cold, dont do renantal bc of hot/cold
  • colestrum is seen as dirty, avoid moonlight, sleep on backs (bad bc decrease cirulation to fetus)
  • present day oriented
  • Muneco: braided cord placed under breast, modest, usually only women
  • cuarentena: 40 days after birth restricted :baths, foods, sex
  • baby usually not circumsized
  • believe in umbillical binders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

black americans

A

moms lead families, family is important

  • considered a state of wellness
  • present and future orienteation
  • cravings of gravies and hot sauce, PICA
  • dont reach over head, dont want pictures taken
  • L&D many women involved
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Filipino American

A
  • family, eye contact are important
  • shampoo hair, keeps baby clean
  • no sex or it will harm baby
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

asian american

A
  • balance
  • quiet, prefer female MD or midwifes, natural births, modest
  • avoid bathing, esp perineal area
  • no chores for 30 days-3 months, Viet wont touch babies head, no praise or eye contact keep evil spirits away
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

orthodox judaism

A

religion, koiser, sundown friday to sundown sunday dont do anything

  • hospitalization during sabbath: writing and electrical cant be done, koisher diet
  • L&D fully covered, no pysical contact during labor
  • naming ceremony, circum done by Rhabi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Tribal african women

A

female circum (preadolecence) may have scar tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what to do when cultural beliefs bary from practices

A

dont judge, safety is #1, compromise if able

49
Q

process by whilch children acquire the beliefs, values, behaviors of a given society in order to function within that group

A

socialization

50
Q

what is the #1 influence on health

A

socioeconomic status

51
Q

pais

A

latin for child

52
Q

goal of pediatric nursing

A

assit the child to reach adulthood in the best state of physical, emotional and social development that is poosible for him/her to achieve

53
Q

what is key in pediatrics

A

promotion and prevention

54
Q

in the middle ages up to 1800 children were considered infants until when

A

they were 6, then they were put to work, children died bc lack of hygine, illness/injury

55
Q

baby farms

A

90-100 death rate

56
Q

work laws for children came into effect

A

1800’s

57
Q

Father of Peds

A

Abraham Jacobi, 1853, childrens aid society formed in NY

58
Q

Lillian Wald

A

1st full time RN, henry street settlement NY

59
Q

Whilte house conference on children

A

started in 1909 by FDR, held every 10 years

60
Q

Childrens bureau

A

1912, first study on infant mortality

61
Q

fair labor standards

A

1938

62
Q

WIC

A

1974

63
Q

FMLA

A

1993, 12 weeks unpaid leave, to care for NB/adopteve child

64
Q

childhood mortality that is unintentional

A

males more likely, south west due to being outside and the extreme heat and being more darring

65
Q

the prevalence of specific illness in the population at a particular time

A

morbidity

66
Q

childhood mortaility

A

under one airway issues

1-19 MVC #1

67
Q

Major developmental task for the early adult is

A

form an intense lasting relationship or a commitment to another person, cause, an institution or a creative effort

68
Q

if a child does not achieve the exptected pschosocial developmental task, what specific characteristics would you see in this person as an adult?

A

lack of est vocation, prejudices against others, emotional distance in all relationships, dependency on parents, partner or both

69
Q

erikson stage for early adult

A

intimacy vs isolation

70
Q

Piaget stage for adult

A

formal operations stage, wisdom and experience begin to develop

71
Q

major developmental tasks for adult

A

mutual love and respect between 2 people

72
Q

desired basic strength of adult

A

love

73
Q

erikson stage for middle adult

A

generatively vs self absorbtion stagnation (30-65 yr)
strengths: production and care
significant relationships are within the workplace, the community and the family.

74
Q

Major developmental task for the middle adult

A

achieve the life goals est for oneself while also considering the welfare of future generations

75
Q

late adult hood

A

integrity vs despair
65-death
basic strenth: wisdom

76
Q

major developmental tasks for late adulthood

A

review ones life and derive meaning from both positive and negative events, while achieving a positive sense of self

77
Q

Adolescent

A

12-18
Identity vs. Role confusion
Formal operations stage (piaget)
Post-conventional stage (Kohlberg)
primary and secondary sex characteristics
rapid growth=increase nutritional requirements
#1 cause of death=MVC
dont lecture, ensure privacy, show concern, open ended ?’s, start with less sensitive information first

78
Q

School age

A

6-12
Ugly duckling
Industry vs. inferiority
Conventional level (Kohlberg)
concrete operational stage (piaget)
starts with shedding of first deciduous tooth ends at puberty with getting permanent teeth
growth is slow and steady, girls faster than boys
weight 4.506.5 lbs /yr, height 2 inches /yr
perfectionist, may steal, makes common use of tools
Good boy/girl, obey law bc its the law
team play, rules and rituals
peer group provides security as they gain independence from parents
clubs, bullying, teasing, relationships with family are important, lie/cheat/steal
safety/injury prevention: proper use of seatbelts, educate about drugs
spiritual development: concrete terms, heaven vs hell

79
Q

cognitive development: concrete operational stage charachertistics

A

classification
conservation
reversibility
seviation

80
Q

ability to recoginze that actions can move in reverse order

A

reversibility

81
Q

the ability to order objects with respect to a common property

A

seviation

82
Q

certain aspects of a object can change but it still stays the same object

A

conservation

83
Q

group of objects put into categories

A

classification

84
Q

preschool

A

3-5 yrs
average weight gain 5lbs/yr, height 3 inches/yr
Initiative vs. guilt
origional and purposeful activities, exercise self control
ride tricycle, throws ball overhand, ties shoelaces
instrumental realistic orientation (kohlberg, moral)
intuitive thought phase (piaget, cognitive)
egocentrism, animisn, centration
vocab increases dramativally, imitate parents and siblings
questioning at its peak, “lives by rules”, talk alot
fears (monsters etc.), masturbation is normal, gender roles
spiritual ideas are concrete (know simple bible stories)
associative play (imitative, imaginative, dramatic)
Imaginary playmates (normal)
pseudo independence (think they can do it all)

85
Q

egocentrism

A

understand experiences only from their point of view

86
Q

animism

A

they believe that objects have conciousness (stars twinkle bc they are happy)

87
Q

centration

A

focusing on one aspect of a task and ignorning other aspects of the tasks (conservation)

88
Q

Toddler

A

12-36 months
Terrible twos
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Preconventional level Punishment and obedience orientation (stage 1 moral development)
Cognitive development: tertiary circular reactions and mental combinations
weight 4-6lbs/yr, height 3 inches/yr
squat, pot bellied, bow legged
walks without help, uses cup, rotates spoon, goes up and down stairs, drawing holds crayon with fingers rather than fist, jumps both feet
works to develop independnce and start to learn they can do some things on own
uses no even while agreeing to request, tolerates seperation from parent, security blanket, talks incessantly, gives 1st and last name, stage parallel play, no reguard for right and left
imitation and fantacy
limit setting, behavior modication, temper tantrums, toilet teaching

89
Q

infant

A

birth to 12 months
trust vs mistrust
preconventional morality (egocentric judgement
sensory motor stage (piaget) object permance
rapid growth 1-1 1/2 lbs per month, height 1/2-1”/month
anterior fontanel closes by 12-18 months
back to sleep, prone when playing
turn head from side to side one month
walks with one hand held 12 months
immunizations,

90
Q

Heb B

A

birth, one month, 6-18 months

91
Q

Rota

A

6-14 weeks, common in winter months

92
Q

Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP)

A

2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, 4-6 years

93
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)

A

not flu shot, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months 12 months

94
Q

Polio

A

2 months, 4 months, 6 months, boster at 4-6 years

95
Q

MMR

A

12-15 months, 4-6 years

96
Q

Varicella (chxpox)

A

12-18 months, booster 4-6 years

97
Q

pneumococcal (PCV)

A

2, 4, 6, 12 months

98
Q

inactivated influenza

A

6-23 months of age

99
Q

HPV

A

11-12 girls

100
Q

deciduous teeth for 1st 2 years of age

A

age of child in months -6= # of teeth

8 months -6= 2 teeth

101
Q

use of pacifier

A

not for 1st NB month

102
Q

thumb sucking peaks at

A

18-20 months

103
Q

S/sx of teething

A

fever, drooling, chew/suck on fingers/objects, irritable, fussy, diff. sleeping

104
Q

Nutrition for infant

A

breast mile for 6 months, no cows milk, no soild food until age 4-6 months (bc immature GI system), introduce one food at a time

105
Q

extrusion reflex

A

babies push food right out of the mouth, normal

106
Q

introduction to solid foods in order

A 
iron fortified infant cereal (5-6 months)
fruit juice
veggies
fruits
meats
egg yolks
table foods
107
Q

family day care

A

licensed, take care of children in their home, up to 5 children for part of a day

108
Q

center based care

A

commercial based, provide care for 6 or more children for 6 or more hours

109
Q

manner of thinking , behaving or reacting characteristic of an individual or the way in which a person deals with life

A

temperment

110
Q

fit of mother and child

A

degree of fit

111
Q

stranger fear

A

1st 6 months attached to caregivers, around 6 months start to fear strangers, this is normal

112
Q

separation anxiety

A

4-8 months begin to realize that the parent/caregiver can leave them
11-12 months able to anticiapte parent/caregiver getting ready to leave

113
Q

infant play

A

solitary play

114
Q

what is a major cause of death during infancy

A

injuries: aspiration, suffocation, MVC, falls, poisoning, burns, drowning

115
Q

when does the anterior fontanel close

A

12-18 months

116
Q

active immunity

A

if you have gotten it or a vaccine for it

117
Q

passive immunity

A

temporary transfer of immunity from mom to baby via placenta in 3rd trimester (lasts about 3 months)

118
Q

physiologic anorexia

A

child may eat large amounts of food one day and then not eat the next. due to imitation of another person refusing to eat, none apetizing food, plate is overwhelming

119
Q

how much food should a toddler get

A

one Tbsp of soild food for each year of age (serving size of 1/4-1/3 that of an adult)

school (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions