Exam 4 - Sedative/Hypnotics/Anxiety (Watts/Ott) Flashcards
Definition of Sedative
calms anxiety
decreases excitement/activity
does NOT produce drowsiness or impair performance
Definition of Hypnotic
induces sleep!!
implies restful/refreshing sleep
Definition of Anxiolytic
Anti-anxiety
relieves anxiety w/out sleep or sedation
(*not all anxiolytics are sedatives….)
Definition of Narcotic
actually means “sleep producing”
noooow refers to opioids or illegal drugs
Reticular Formation:
regulates ________ and ___________
sleep-wake transitions
and
synchronization of EEG
Reticular Formation:
intricate system composed of __________ in what is otherwise _______
loosely clustered neurons
white matter
3 stages of Sleep
Wakefulness
Slow-wave sleep (NREM)
Paradoxic sleep (REM)
what are the stages of NREM Sleep
stage 1: dozing
stage 2: unequivocal sleeo
stage 3: voltage increase/frequency decrease
stage 4: delta waves
NREM Sleep Stages:
what is stage 1?
dozing
NREM Sleep Stages:
what is stage 2?
unequivocal sleep (asleep but easily awaken)
NREM Sleep Stages:
what is stage 3?
voltage increase/frequency decrease
NREM Sleep Stages:
what is stage 4?
delta waves
what are the GABA receptor subtypes
alpha 1
alpha 2
alpha 3
alpha 5
what GABA receptor subtype is most prevalent (~50%)
alpha 1
GABA alpha 1 receptors used to be known as _____ receptors
BZ1
GABA alpha 2, 3, 5 receptors used to be known as _____ receptors
BZ2
where are GABA alpha 1 receptors found
ubiquitous (anywhere in da brain)
where are GABA alpha 2 receptors found
cortex; limbic system; spinal cord
where are GABA alpha 3 receptors found
cortex; limbic system; spinal cord
where are GABA alpha 5 receptors found
Hippocampus
GABA alpha 1 receptor has roles in what?
sedation
anti-convulsion
amnesia
addiction
GABA alpha 2 receptor has roles in what?
anxiolytic
muscle relax
GABA alpha 3 receptor has roles in what?
muscle relaxation
GABA alpha 5 receptor has roles in what?
muscle relaxation
amnesia