EXAM 4: Pelvis

Question 1

What can you not filter efficiently with a damaged liver?

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

What happens when blood cant be efficiently filtered

Answer 2

Blood backs up
First at the hepatic portal vein
The backs up to the extremes of GI tract: Esophagus to anus
This leads to portal hy[ertension

Question 3

What is portal hypertension?

Answer 3

• Increase pressure on walls, blood vessels
  Esophageal varices
  Hemorrhoids
  Spider veins

Question 4

What is the general function of the urinary system?

Answer 4

• Filter waste products in blood
• Convert wastes to urine
• Conduct urine out of body

Question 5

What are the components of the urinary system?

Answer 5

• 2 kidneys
• 2 ureters
• 1 urinary bladder
• 1 urethra

Question 6

Nephrons

Answer 6

• Site of urine formation
• Functional Filtration unit of the kidney

Question 7

Where is the fibrous capsule?

Answer 7

• Connective tissue on the external kidney

Question 8

Does the kidney have a hilum?

Answer 8

Yes! Consists of the renal vein and artery and the ureter

Question 9

What are the internal structures of the kidney?

Answer 9

1. Renal Cortex
2. Renal Medulla
3. Pyramids
4. Renal Pelvis

Question 10

What is included in the renal medulla?

Answer 10

• Pyramids
• Major and minor Calyxes

Question 11

How does urine get from the minor calyx to the ureter?

Answer 11

• Minor calyx merges into major calyx; merges into renal pelvis; then urine drains into ureter

Question 12

How does blood supply get to the kidney

Answer 12

• Enters through renal artery (through hilum to) arcuate artery in contact with nephron
• From arcuate artery to the arcuate vein to renal vein then out

Question 13

Ureters

Answer 13

Muscular tubes
- Connects kidney to bladder

Question 14

What is the bladder

Answer 14

Storage container for urine

Question 15

Does the bladder have rugae

Answer 15

Yes!

Question 16

Urethra

Answer 16

• Originates at bladder
• Conducts urine out of body
• Internal urethral sphincter (invol)
• External urethral sphincter (vol)

Question 17

Differences between male and female urethras

Answer 17

Female:
Shorter
Only passageway for urine

Male:
Longer then female
Passageway for sperm and urine

Question 18

What are the parts of the pubic bone

Answer 18

1. Pubic Tubercle
2. Pubic Symphysis
3. Pubic Arch

Question 19

Pubic Tubrcle

Answer 19

point of attachment for the inguinal ligament

Question 19

Pubic Symphysis

Answer 19

• What lets bones separate during birth
• Cartilaginous joint

Question 20

Pubic Arch

Answer 20

• differentiate male/female pelvis
• Wider on female

Question 21

Inguinal ligament

Answer 21

runs through the ASIS on pubic tubercle
- Separates pelvis from the lower limb
- Spermatic cord runs through in males

Question 22

Pelvic Brim

Answer 22

• ## Continuous oval