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Anatomy Lecture > EXAM 3: Lower Limb > Flashcards

EXAM 3: Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvic Girdle Function

A
  • Supports organs in pelvis
  • Connects axial and appendicular skeleton
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2
Q

Pelvic Girdle Bones

A

Os Coxae (Hip bone)
1. Illium
2. Ishium
3. Pubis/Pubis bone
Sacrum

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3
Q

Acetabulum

A
  • Point of Fusion
  • Where head of femur connects
  • On Os coxae bone
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4
Q

Ilium

A
  • Part of Pelvic Girdle
  • Has Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
  • Where aorta splits
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5
Q

Ischium

A
  • Part of the Pelvic Girdle
  • Has Ischial Tuberosity (sit spine)
  • Most inferior
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6
Q

Movements of the Hip

A
  1. Circumduction
  2. Adduction
  3. Abduction
  4. Hyperextend
  5. Extend
    Flex
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7
Q

Ligaments in the hip joint

A
  1. Iliofemoral
  2. Ischiofemoral
  3. Pubofemoral
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8
Q

What does the Iliofemoral ligament connect and its location?

A

Ilium to femur
anterior and superior

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9
Q

What does the Ischiofemoral ligament connect and its location?

A

Ischium to femur
Posterior

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10
Q

What does the Pubofemoral ligament connect and its location?

A

Pubis to femur
Anterior Inferior

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11
Q

The acetabulum is the what of the hip?

A

Glenoid Cavity

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12
Q

Proximal Structures of the femur

A

Head
Greater Trochanter
Lesser Trochanter
Gluteal Tuberosity

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13
Q

Distal structures of the femur

A
  • Medial/Lateral condyles (posterior, joint forming)
  • Medial/Lateral epicondyles (lig/tendon attatchment)
  • Patellar Surface
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14
Q

Nerves of the Lower Limb

A

Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic
Tibial
Common Fibular
Inferior Gluteal

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15
Q

What part is the “leg”

A

between ankle and knee (Calf/shin)

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16
Q

Proximal Tibia Structures and functions

A

-Medial and Lateral Condyles (articulates with femur–> Knee Joint)
- Tibial Tuberosity (Articulates with head of fibula)

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17
Q

Distal Tibia Structures and function

A
  • Medial Malleolus (Articulates with fibula and talus)
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18
Q

Where is the weight when standing?

A

On tibia and then into the ankle

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19
Q

Does the fibula articulate with the femur?

A

Nope!

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20
Q

Proximal Fibular Structures and functions

A

Head of Fibula (articulates with tibia)

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21
Q

Distal Fibular Structures and function

A

Lateral malleolus (articulates with tibia and tallus)

22
Q

What are the bony connections of the knee joint?

A
  • Medial and Lateral Condyles of Femur
  • Medial and Lateral Condyles of Tibia
23
Q

What is the functions of mensici?

A
  1. Absorbs shock
  2. Prevents side to side movements when walking
  3. Allows for flexion and extension
24
Q

Anterior Knee Joint Ligament

A

Patellar Ligament- Continuation of quads tendon

25
Q

What directional term describes the patellar ligament?

A

Anterior

26
Q

Medial and lateral knee joint ligaments and functions

A

Medial: Tibial Collateral Ligament
Lateral: Fibular Collateral Ligament
Function: Prevents adduction/abduction

27
Q

What directional term describes the Fibular Collateral ligament?

A

Lateral

28
Q

What directional term describes the Tibial Collateral ligament?

A

Medial

29
Q

Posterior Knee joint ligament and function

A
  • Arcuate Popliteal
  • Oblique Popliteal
    Function: Prevent hyperextension
30
Q

What directional term describes the Arcuate popliteal ligament?

A

Posterior

31
Q

What directional term describes the Oblique Popliteal ligament?

A

Posterior

32
Q

Deep Knee Ligament and function

A
  • Anterior Cruciate ligament
  • Posterior Cruciate ligament
    Function: Prevent anterior/posterior movement
33
Q

What directional term Anterior Cruciate ligament describes the ligament?

A

Deep

34
Q

What directional term Posterior Cruciate ligament describes the ligament?

A

Deep

35
Q

Which side of the knee is more vulnerable to horizontal blows?

A

Lateral side because it is less protected

36
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

Lateral Blow to the knee where a specific three structures are hurt.
1. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (weaker then PCL)
2. Tibial Collateral Ligament
3. Medial Menisicus

37
Q

What are the names of the tarsals?

A
  • Calcaneus
  • Talus
  • Navicular
  • Cuboid
  • Cuneiform: Medial, Lateral and intermediate
38
Q

What are the movments of the ankle

A

Eversion (Away)
Inversion( Towards)
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion

39
Q

What cutaneous spot does the Femoral Nerve let you feel?

A

Anterior thigh

40
Q

What cutaneous spot does the Obturator Nerve let you feel?

A

Medial Thigh

41
Q

What cutaneous spot does the Tibial Nerve let you feel?

A

Plantar surface of foot

42
Q

What cutaneous spot does the Common Fibular Nerve let you feel?

A

Dorsal surface of foot

43
Q

Cutaneous: Anterior Thigh
Nerve?

A

Femoral Nerve

44
Q

Cutaneous: Medial Thigh
Nerve?

A

Obturator Nerve

45
Q

Cutaneous: Planter surface of foot
Nerve?

A

Tibial Nerve

46
Q

Cutaneous: Dorsal surface of foot
Nerve?

A

Common Fibular Nerve

47
Q

Similarities and Differences between Pelvic and Pectoral Girdle

A

Sim:
Connects axial to app skeleton
Diff:
Pelvic supports organs in pelvis

48
Q

Similarities and Differences between Hip/Shoulder

A

Sim:
Flex, extend, hyperextend, adduct, abduct, circumduction

Diff:
GH: Mobile, can elevate and depress
Hip: Stable, three strong ligaments, head locks to acetabulum

49
Q

Similarities and Differences between Elbow and Knee

A

Sim:
Flex and extend
Ligaments (colateral) prevents add/abd
Diff:
UL: can’t hyper extend bc the bones
LL: can’t hyper extend bc posterior ligament

50
Q

Similarities and Differences between Proximal Humerus and Femur

A

Sim:
Head
Tuberosity
Greater/Lesser
- Tubercule
- Trochanter

Diff:
Femur head is more prominant

51
Q

Similarities and Differences between Distal Humerus and Femur

A

Sim:
Medial and Lateral Epicondyles
Condyles:
- LL: Medial and Lateral condyles
- UL: Trochlea and Capitulum

52
Q

Similarities and Differences between ankle and Wrist

A

Sim:
Phanalges (14)
Metatarsals and carpals
Short bones

Diff:
Carpals (8)
Tarsals (7)

Anatomy Lecture (15 decks)

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