Exam 4 - Nephro Flashcards
kidneys produce urine through these 3 process
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
the leading cause of chronic kidney disease
glomerulonephritis
primary glomerulonephritis can be ___ or ___
immunologic; idopathic
examples of causes of primary glomerulonephritis
acute/chronic glomerulonephritis
nephrotic syndrome
examples of causes of secondary glomerulonephritis
diabetic nephropathy
lupus nephritis
glomerulonephritis has an increase in ___, ___, and ___
hematuria
proteinuria
edema
decreasing GFR leads to ___ and ___
azotemia; HTN
increased aldosterone leads to ___ and ___ retention
salt; water
GFR range for dialysis to be considered
10-15
what can cause post infectious glomerulonephritis
strep or viral infections
often involves children but can affects adults
post infectious glomerulonephritis may resolve in __ to __ days
10-14 days
s/sx of post infectious glomerulonephritis
abrupt onset
hematuria
proteinuria
salt + water retention
brown, cola colored urine
HTN
edema (hands, upper extremities)
fatigue
anorexia
N/V
less apparent in older adults
what is anti-glomerular basement glomerulonephritis (anti GBM)
severe glomerular injury without specific cause
progresses to renal failure within months
s/sx of anti GBM
weakness
N/V
abdominal or flank pain
hx of URI
hematuria
proteinuria
edema
oliguria (ominous sign)
mild-life threatening pulmonary hemorrhage
Goodpasture’s syndrome
what is Goodpasture’s syndrome
antibodies have built up in the area and produces protein
attacks its own membrane
nephrotic syndrome is a group of ___ ___ as opposed to a specific disorder
clinical findings
nephrotic syndrome will have a massive amount of which 4 things
proteinuria
hypoalbuminermia
hyperlipidemia
edema
most common complication of nephrotic syndrome
thromboemboli
nephrotic syndrome diet
low fat
low cholesterol
1-2 G Na restriction
meds for nephrotic syndrome
ACE-I (reduce protein loss)
anticoags
diuretics
statins
chronic glomerulonephritis is typically the result of…
anti-GBM
lupus nephritis
diabetic nephropathy
is chronic glomerulonephritis alway able to be identified
No
slow, progressive destruction of the glomeruli and a gradual decline in renal function
chronic glomerulonephritis
goal of chronic glomerulonephritis
preserve renal function