Exam 3 - brain tumor

Question 1

cause of primary brain tumor

Answer 1

unknown

uncontrolled proliferation of brain cells

Question 2

s/sx of metastatic brain tumor

Answer 2

s/sx r/t increased ICP
decrease coordination (weak, clumsy, fall)
HA
pupils change
speech difficulties
vomiting (with/without nausea)

Question 3

death r/t metastatic brain tumor occurs within __ years

Answer 3

2

Question 4

what occurs during a decompressive hemicraniotomy

Answer 4

cranium is removed
dura opened for space and edematous tissue

Question 5

most common site for aneurysm

Answer 5

circle of willis

Question 6

what is aneurysm

Answer 6

weakened artery wall bleeds into subarachnoid space of basal cisterns

Question 7

aneurysm s/sx

Answer 7

intensely painful HA
loss of consciousness
N/V
drowsiness
loss of balance
stiff neck
dilated pupils
photophobia
sudden blurred or doubled vision
ptosis
confusion, trouble with mental awareness
seizures

Question 8

what test is used to dx aneurysm

Answer 8

CT or CTA

Question 9

___ is the only treatment method for aneurysm

Answer 9

surgery

Question 10

what is a arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

Answer 10

when the arterial blood shunts into venous system without capillary network

Question 11

those with AVM are born with it but when is it typically discovered

Answer 11

15-30 y/o

Question 12

small AVM are more prone to ___

Answer 12

bleeding d/t more pressure

Question 13

s/sx of AVM

Answer 13

asymptomatic at first
after first bleed s/sx present at:
progress loss of neurological function
HA
N/V
seizures
loss of cosciousness

Question 14

what are the 3 most common inflammatory disorders of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 14

brain abscesses
meningitis
encephalitis

Question 15

inflammatory brain disorders are caused by…

Answer 15

bacteria
viruses
fungus
chemicals (contrast media)

Question 16

what is a brain abscess

Answer 16

pus within the brain tissue

Question 17

2 primary organisms r/t brain abscess

Answer 17

strep, staph

Question 18

s/sx of brain abscess

Answer 18

HA
fever
N/V
visual disturbances
hallucinations

similar to meningitis and encephalitis

Question 19

s/sx of increase ICP

Answer 19

drowsiness
confusion
seizures

Question 20

what is dx testing is used to dx brain abscess

Answer 20

CT
MRI

Question 21

primary treatment for brain abscess

Answer 21

antimicrobial
symptomatic treatment
may need drained if drug therapy is not effective

Question 22

complications of bacterial meningitis

Answer 22

CN V irritation (sensory loss)
CN VII inflammation (facial paresis)
CN VIII irritation (tinnitus, vertigo, deafness)
hemiparesis
dysphagia
hemianopsia (half blindness)

Question 23

CSF should be ___ not ___

Answer 23

clear; cloudy

Question 24

pt position for CSF aspiration

Answer 24

fetal

Question 25

pt position for bacterial meningitis pain relief

Answer 25

fetal

Question 26

HOB should be not be in ___ ___ after lumbar puncture

Answer 26

high fowlers; okay for HOB to be elevated some though

Question 27

precautions for bacterial meningitis

Answer 27

droplet and airborne

Question 28

when can a person dx with bacterial meningitis be taken off isolation

Answer 28

negative test neuro status is stable fever has subsided

Question 29

why does shivering need to be prevented with bacterial meningitis

Answer 29

shivering causes increase ICP

Question 30

health promotion measures for bacterial meningitis

Answer 30

flu, PNA vaccine meningococcal vaccine early txment of respiratory, ear infections prophylactic abx for those exposed

Question 31

prophylactic abx for those exposed to someone with bacterial meningitis

Answer 31

Rifampin

Question 32

Rifampin education

Answer 32

will turn bodily fluids orange

Question 33

most common causes of viral meningitis

Answer 33

enterovirus arbovirus HIV HSV

Question 34

how is viral meningitis spread

Answer 34

direct contact with respiratory secretions

Question 35

s/sx of viral meningitis

Answer 35

HA fever photophobia stiff neck moderate - high fever

Question 36

what kind of recovery is expected with viral meningitis

Answer 36

full recovery

Question 37

acute inflammation of the brain; serious, sometimes fatal

Answer 37

encephalitis

Question 38

encephalitis is caused by ___

Answer 38

viruses

Question 39

___ or ___ can transmit epidemic encephalitis

Answer 39

ticks; mosquitoes (west nile virus esp in Summer or early Fall)

Question 40

s/sx of encephalitis appear in __ to __ days

Answer 40

2-3 days

Question 41

non-epidemic encephalitis is caused by which viruses

Answer 41

measles mumps chickenpox HSV HIV

Question 42

what should be worn outdoors to be prevent encephalitis

Answer 42

DEET

Question 43

meds for encephalitis

Answer 43

Acyclovir (Zovirax) vidarabine (Vir-A) antiseizure drugs