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M/S 3 > Exam 3 - brain tumor > Flashcards

Exam 3 - brain tumor Flashcards

1
Q

cause of primary brain tumor

A

unknown

uncontrolled proliferation of brain cells

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2
Q

s/sx of metastatic brain tumor

A

s/sx r/t increased ICP
decrease coordination (weak, clumsy, fall)
HA
pupils change
speech difficulties
vomiting (with/without nausea)

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3
Q

death r/t metastatic brain tumor occurs within __ years

A

2

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4
Q

what occurs during a decompressive hemicraniotomy

A

cranium is removed
dura opened for space and edematous tissue

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5
Q

most common site for aneurysm

A

circle of willis

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6
Q

what is aneurysm

A

weakened artery wall bleeds into subarachnoid space of basal cisterns

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7
Q

aneurysm s/sx

A

intensely painful HA
loss of consciousness
N/V
drowsiness
loss of balance
stiff neck
dilated pupils
photophobia
sudden blurred or doubled vision
ptosis
confusion, trouble with mental awareness
seizures

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8
Q

what test is used to dx aneurysm

A

CT or CTA

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9
Q

___ is the only treatment method for aneurysm

A

surgery

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10
Q

what is a arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

A

when the arterial blood shunts into venous system without capillary network

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11
Q

those with AVM are born with it but when is it typically discovered

A

15-30 y/o

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12
Q

small AVM are more prone to ___

A

bleeding d/t more pressure

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13
Q

s/sx of AVM

A

asymptomatic at first
after first bleed s/sx present at:
progress loss of neurological function
HA
N/V
seizures
loss of cosciousness

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14
Q

what are the 3 most common inflammatory disorders of the brain and spinal cord

A

brain abscesses
meningitis
encephalitis

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15
Q

inflammatory brain disorders are caused by…

A

bacteria
viruses
fungus
chemicals (contrast media)

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16
Q

what is a brain abscess

A

pus within the brain tissue

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17
Q

2 primary organisms r/t brain abscess

A

strep, staph

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18
Q

s/sx of brain abscess

A

HA
fever
N/V
visual disturbances
hallucinations

similar to meningitis and encephalitis

19
Q

s/sx of increase ICP

A

drowsiness
confusion
seizures

20
Q

what is dx testing is used to dx brain abscess

A

CT
MRI

21
Q

primary treatment for brain abscess

A

antimicrobial
symptomatic treatment
may need drained if drug therapy is not effective

22
Q

complications of bacterial meningitis

A

CN V irritation (sensory loss)
CN VII inflammation (facial paresis)
CN VIII irritation (tinnitus, vertigo, deafness)
hemiparesis
dysphagia
hemianopsia (half blindness)

23
Q

CSF should be ___ not ___

A

clear; cloudy

24
Q

pt position for CSF aspiration

A

fetal

25
Q

pt position for bacterial meningitis pain relief

A

fetal

26
Q

HOB should be not be in ___ ___ after lumbar puncture

A

high fowlers; okay for HOB to be elevated some though

27
Q

precautions for bacterial meningitis

A

droplet and airborne

28
Q

when can a person dx with bacterial meningitis be taken off isolation

A

negative test
neuro status is stable
fever has subsided

29
Q

why does shivering need to be prevented with bacterial meningitis

A

shivering causes increase ICP

30
Q

health promotion measures for bacterial meningitis

A

flu, PNA vaccine
meningococcal vaccine
early txment of respiratory, ear infections
prophylactic abx for those exposed

31
Q

prophylactic abx for those exposed to someone with bacterial meningitis

A

Rifampin

32
Q

Rifampin education

A

will turn bodily fluids orange

33
Q

most common causes of viral meningitis

A

enterovirus
arbovirus
HIV
HSV

34
Q

how is viral meningitis spread

A

direct contact with respiratory secretions

35
Q

s/sx of viral meningitis

A

HA
fever
photophobia
stiff neck
moderate - high fever

36
Q

what kind of recovery is expected with viral meningitis

A

full recovery

37
Q

acute inflammation of the brain; serious, sometimes fatal

A

encephalitis

38
Q

encephalitis is caused by ___

A

viruses

39
Q

___ or ___ can transmit epidemic encephalitis

A

ticks; mosquitoes (west nile virus esp in Summer or early Fall)

40
Q

s/sx of encephalitis appear in __ to __ days

A

2-3 days

41
Q

non-epidemic encephalitis is caused by which viruses

A

measles
mumps
chickenpox
HSV
HIV

42
Q

what should be worn outdoors to be prevent encephalitis

A

DEET

43
Q

meds for encephalitis

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)
vidarabine (Vir-A)
antiseizure drugs

M/S 3 (17 decks)

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