Exam 3 - Disaster/terrorism

Question 1

what are some forms of terrorism

Answer 1

biological agents
chemical agents
radiologic/nuclear explosive devices

Question 2

examples of bioterrorism

Answer 2

anthrax
plague
tularemia
smallpox
botulism

Question 3

how are anthrax, plague, and tularemia treated

Answer 3

abx

Question 4

anthrax is treated with which specific abx and for how long

Answer 4

ciprofloxacin x60 days

Question 5

where does the plague come from

Answer 5

mice

Question 6

drug group of choice for the plague

Answer 6

-mycins

Question 7

what occurs with botulism

Answer 7

inhibits acetylcholine release, inhibiting system synapse causing flaccid paralysis

ptosis, diplopia, muscle weakness, and death

Question 8

what are some chemical agents of terrorism

Answer 8

sarin
phogene
mustard gas

Question 9

sarin can cause death with in ___ of exposure

Answer 9

minutes

paralyzes respiratory muscles

Question 10

how does sarin enter the body

Answer 10

eyes and skin

Question 11

sara antidote

Answer 11

atropine, praliodoxime chloride

may require multiple doses

Question 12

mustard gas characteristics

Answer 12

yellow to brown in color
garlic-like odor

irritates eyes, causes skin burns, blisters

Question 13

cyanide has what type of smell

Answer 13

almond; evacuate ASAP

Question 14

radiologic dispersal devices (RRDs; “dirty bombs”) main danger

Answer 14

explosion

Question 15

what are decontamination tents

Answer 15

victims are rinsed off prior to treatment

Question 16

injuries r/t explosive devices

Answer 16

blast
crust
penetrating

damage to lungs, middle ear, GI tract

Question 17

examples of internal disaster

Answer 17

fire
explosion
loss of critical utilities (water, computer system)

Question 18

examples of external disaster

Answer 18

earthquake
act of terrorism
tornados
hurricanes

Question 19

how do nurses play a role in disaster management before it occurs

Answer 19

help develop response plans
–security needs
–communication needs
–training
–staffing needs
–resources/supplies

Question 20

role of the hospital incident commander

Answer 20

assume overall leadership for implementing the emergency plan

Question 21

role of the medical command physician

Answer 21

physician who decides the number, acuity, and resource needs of pts

Question 22

role of the triage offier

Answer 22

rapidly evals each pt to determine priorities for treatment

Question 23

role of the community relations officer

Answer 23

liaison between healthcare facility and media

Question 24

how long should dirty water be boiled before use

Answer 24

10 minutes

may need to add 10 drops of bleach for every gallon of drinking water

Question 25

manmade or natural event or disaster that overwhelms community’s ability to respond with existing resources

Answer 25

mass casualty incident (MCI)

Question 26

triage of casualties in an MCI is conducted in < __ ___

Answer 26

15 seconds

Question 27

MCI triage: red (class I)

Answer 27

emergent attention

ie: airway obstruction, shock

Question 28

MCI triage: yellow (class II)

Answer 28

can wait a short time for care
neurologically intact, can follow commands

ie: open fracture with a pulse

Question 29

MCI triage: green (glass III)

Answer 29

non-urgent or “walking wounded”
treatment can be delayed 2-4 hours

closed fractures, sprains, strains, abrasions

Question 30

MCI triage: black (class IIIV)

Answer 30

expected to die or dead

ie: mass head trauma, extensive full thickness skin burns, high cervical SCI needing mechanical ventilation

Question 31

if a pt is not breathing during MCI, you open the airway and they start breathing, what do you tag them as

Answer 31

red

Question 32

what is the IES-R questionnaire

Answer 32

assess survivor response after a disaster

22 questions; self-administered
10th grade reading level - must assess pt comprehension