Exam 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Agglutinate
A
To glue together
2
Q
Barium
A
Heavy metal used for contrast studies with radiography (x-rays)
3
Q
Baroreceptor
A
Monitor tissue for blood pressure
4
Q
Callus
A
Hard thickening of skin or bone
5
Q
Callous
A
To become hardened
6
Q
Cerumen
A
Earwax
7
Q
Ceruminolytic
A
Agent that dissolves earwax
8
Q
Colloid
A
Jelly-like mixture of particles in a liquid medium
9
Q
Collodion
A
Nitrocellulose solution in ether or alcohol (drug solvent or wound)
10
Q
Crystalluria
A
Crystals in the urine
11
Q
Dura mater
A
Tough, fibrous outer coat of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
12
Q
Indurated
A
Made hard
13
Q
Ebur
A
Ivory
14
Q
Eburination
A
To make hard and dense like ivory
15
Q
Glioma
A
Brain tumor composed of neuroglia cells
16
Q
Neuroglia
A
Cells that support and insulate nerve cells
17
Q
Gluten
A
Tough, viscous material left after wheat is washed to remove starch
18
Q
Hyalosis
A
A degenerative change in the vitreous humor
19
Q
Inspissatus
A
Thick
20
Q
Inspissated
A
To become thicker as if with dehydration
21
Q
Leptospirosis
A
Slender spiral bacteria that causes inflammation of the kidney
22
Q
Leptomeningitis
A
Inflammation of the pia mater or arachnoid membrane of the meninges surrounding the brain or spinal cord
23
Q
Osteomalacia
A
Softening of bone
24
Q
Mollis
A
Soft
25
Emollient
A soothing (feels soft) agent
26
Oleoresin
An oily plant sap that may cause contact allergy (capsaicin is an oleoresin from peppers used as a liniment)
27
Pachyderm
"Thick skin"
28
Pachymeningitis
Inflammation of the dura mater of the meninges
29
Petra
Rock hard
30
Petrous
Pertaining to the hard part of the temporal bone
31
Petrosal
Referring to the petrous temporal bone
32
Osteoporosis
Demineralization of bone
33
Scirrhous
Firm and fibrous
34
Sclera
Dense white outer covering of most of the eye
35
Spongiosis
Edema of the spongy layer of the skin
36
Cholesterol
A solid alcohol first discovered in gallstones
37
Stereoscopic
Pertaining to 3-dimensional vision
38
Viscous
Sticky, thick, and resistant to flow
39
Viscosity
Measuring the resistance to flow
40
Abducent
Drawing away from the midline; also the VI cranial nerve
41
Abduction
Drawing away from the midline
42
Adrenal
Next to the kidney
43
Adduction
Drawing toward the midline
44
Actinic
Relating to the chemical changes caused by radiant energy (sunlight)
45
Actinodermatitis
Skin inflammation caused by exposure to sunlight
46
Anatomy
Dissecting the body to study shape and structure (dissection for a positive reason)
47
Anterior
Placed in front of
48
Anterolateral
In front of and away from midline
49
Apocrine
A (pinched-off) portion of a cell is released with a secretory product
50
Aponeurosis
A sheet of fibrous tissue binding muscles together or muscle to bone
51
Cathode
Negatively charged electrode
52
Caudal
Of, at, or near the tail
53
Caudad
Toward the tail
54
Caudectomy
Surgical removal of the tail
55
Cranial
Relating to the skull
56
Craniotomy
Surgical incision into the skull
57
Decompose
To break down into various compartments
58
Dehydrate
To deplete of body water
59
Eccentric
Deviating from a circle
60
External
Outside
61
Ectoparasite
A parasite that lives on the outside of the body
62
Deflection
Deviation from expectation
63
Flexion
The act of bending a joint or limb
64
Inferolateral
Lower and away from the middle
65
Lateral
Situated at or on the side
66
Lateroabdominal
On the side of the abdomen
67
Levorotation
Counterclockwise rotation
68
Levothyroxine
Left-directed isomer of thyroid hormone (active form)
69
Medial
Relating to the middle
70
Median
A midline that divides the body into equal right and left halves
71
Occlude
To obstruct
72
Opisthotonus
A spasm of the body with the head and heels bent backward
73
Palmar
Relating to the palm of the hand
74
Pernasal
Performed through the nose
75
Peracute
Very rapid and violent
76
Percutaneous
Passed through the skin
77
Plantar
Relating to the sole of the foot
78
Plantigrade
Walking on the sole of the foot
79
Posterior
Relating to the caudal end of quadriceps and the dorsal area of primates
80
Posterolateral
Caudal (or dorsal) and away from the midline
81
Pronate
To turn the palmar surface down or back
82
Proximal
Nearer to a reference point
83
Irradiation
The use of ionizing radiation
84
Relapse
To regress after a partial recovery
85
Reflex
An automatic response or reaction
86
Regurgitation
Act of flowing backward
87
Retrograde
Reverting to an earlier or inferior condition
88
Rostrum
Nose (Beak area)
89
Rotary
Something that moves around an axis
90
Rotator
A muscle that aids in rotation a part of the body
91
Sagittal
A plane parallel to the median plane
92
Sinister
On the left side
93
Sinistromanual
Left-handed
94
Sternum
Breastbone
95
Sternomastoid
A structure that runs from the sternum to the base of the skull
96
Superior
In a higher location
97
Superjacent
Lying immediately above
98
Supinate
To turn the palmar surface up or forward
99
Transverse
Lying across
100
Treponema
A genus of spiral bacteria (one causes syphilis)
101
Ventral
Relating to the abdominal area
102
Ventrodorsal
Extending from the abdominal surface to the dorsal surface
103
Versicolor
Having a variety of colors or changing in color
104
Acromegaly
Large extremities
105
Acral
Referring to extremities (hands, feet)
106
Antebrachium
Forearm (elbow to wrist)
107
Antemortem
Before death
108
Anteroventral
Lower aspect of front
109
Antibiotic
Against microbes
110
Antisepsis
Against infection
111
Apicotomy
Incision into a pointed structure
112
Arhcencephalon
Primitive front and middle part of brain
113
Axilla
Armpit area
114
Basisphenoid
Relating to the body of the sphenoid bone
115
Basioccipital
Bone in the base of the skull in front of the foramen magnum
116
Bathypnea
Deep breathing
117
Cecal
Relating to saclike cavity with one opening; blind ended pouch
118
Centrifugal
Fleeing the center
119
Circumferential
A line around a closed circle
120
Circumcision
Circular incision to remove the prepuce (penile sheath)
121
Cortex
Outer layer of an organ
122
Bicuspid
Having two points (e.g. bicuspid teeth, bicuspid valves)
123
Tricuspid
Having three points
124
Decubital
Relating to a bedsore
125
Ectopic
An abnormal location for an organ or body part
126
Empyema
Pus in a body cavity, especially the chest
127
Endometrium
Glandular mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus
128
Epidural
On or over the dura mater of the spinal cord
129
Epidermis
Outermost part of skin
130
Epidemiology
Study of the cause, distribution, and control of diseases in groups of people
131
Epizootiology
Study of the cause, distribution, and control of diseases in groups of animals
132
Esophoria
Tendency for eyes to deviate inwardly
133
Exocytosis
Intracellular vesicles are secreted by fusion with the outer cell membrane
134
Exophthalmos
An abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
135
Extracorporeal
Located or occurring outside the body
136
Extravasation
Forcing blood or lymph out of vessels and into the surrounding tissue
137
Fundus
The portion of a hollow organ that is furthest from its opening (e.g. fundus of eye, fundus of the stomach)
138
Hypsodont
Teeth with high crowns and short roots
139
Inferolateral
Lower and to the side
140
Infraorbital
Located beneath the orbit of the eye
141
Infraspinatus
Muscle beneath the spin of the scapula (shoulder blade)
142
Inguinal
Referring to the groin
143
Intercostal
Between the ribs
144
Intercellular
Between cells
145
Intracerebral
Within the cerebrum (large glove of brain)
146
Intracellular
Within a cell
147
Juxtaposition
Located or placed side-by-side
148
Juxtaglomerulus
Near the glomerulus (kidney filter)
149
Locus
A place, a location
150
Locomotor
Relating to movement from one place to another
151
Macula lutea
A yellow spot on the retina that mediates the clearest, most detailed vision
152
Macula densa
A spot of dense cells near the glomerulus that secretes the hormone renin
153
Mediolateral
From the middle toward the side
154
Medulla
The inner core of an organ
155
Mesentery
Folds of peritoneum that connect organs to the dorsal, inner abdominal wall
156
Mesojejunum
Mesentery of the jejunum portion of the small intestines
157
Nidus
A nest
158
Nidus
A point of origination or accumulation
159
Tentorium
A membranous covering or partition
160
Sensorium
Sensory potion of the body
161
Parathyroid
By the thyroid (glands that control calcium balance)
162
Paresthesia
A skin sensation without any apparent cause
163
Periosteum
A dense fibrous covering of bone, except at the joints
164
Peribronchial
Surrounding a bronchus (lower airway in lungs)
165
Perineum
Area between the anus and genitals
166
Poples
Hollow of the knee
167
Popliteal
The hollow back part of the knee area
168
Postprandial
After eating
169
Postoperative
After surgery
170
Postpartum
After birth
171
Premaxillary
In front of the maxillary bones
172
Prognosis
A prediction of the probable course or outcome of disease
173
Prosodemic
Disease that is transmitted from person to person
174
Hemostasis
The stoppage of bleeding
175
Hypostatic
The settling of blood in a lower aspect of an organ due to poor blood flow
176
Astigmatism
Unequal curvature of the cornea that prevents clear focus on one point on retina
177
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
178
Subarachnoid
Beneath the arachnoid membrane (web part) of the meninges of the spinal cord
179
Synapse
Junction in which a nerve impulse passes to another nerve, muscle, or gland
180
Ataxia
Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement
181
Chemotaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a chemical stimulus
182
Phototaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a light stimulus
183
Telecardiogram
An electrocardiogram obtained at a distance from the patient
184
Telemetry
Automatic measurement of data and transmission over distances by wire, radio, or other means
185
Telangiectasis
Chronic dilation of a group of capillaries causing small dark red blotches on the skin
186
Topology
Anatomic structure of a specific area or part of the body
187
Transection
To divide or cut transversely
188
Abdomen
The cavity between thoracic and pelvic cavities
189
Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint
190
Arthrocentesis
Puncture and aspiration of joint fluid
191
Articulate
United by joints
192
Auricle
Ear or ear-like appendage
193
Auricular
Pertaining to the ear
194
Blepharospasm
Twitch in eyelid
195
Blepharoptosis
Droopy upper eyelid
196
Buccal
Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
197
Calcaneus
Heel bone
198
Caput
Head of a structure
199
Capoitulum
Small head or rounded articular process of bone
200
Carpus
Wrist
201
Celiotomy
Incision into the abdomen
202
Encephalitis
Inflammation inside skull
203
Cerebellospinal
From the cerebellum (small globe on back of brain) to the spinal cord
204
Cerebrum
Main portion (large globe) of the brain
205
Cervicofacial
Pertaining to neck and face
206
Cervix
Neck-like entrance to the uterus
207
Cheilitis
Chapped or inflamed lips
208
Chiropractor
Person who attempts to heal by manipulation of the spine and other body parts
209
Chierology
Signing for the deaf
210
Superciliary
Above the eyelashes - Eyebrow
211
Corpuscle
"Little body" - a blood cell or globular structure such as nerve pressure receptors
212
Corpse
A dead body
213
Crus
Leg from knee to ankle
214
Antecubital
Pertaining to in front of (distal to) the elbow
215
Dentoalveolar
Pertaining to the teeth and their sockets
216
Facioplasty
Plastic surgery on the face
217
Femur
Thigh bone
218
Frontotemporal
Pertaining to forehead and temples of the skull
219
Hypoglossal
Under the tongue (12th cranial nerve)
220
Glossopharyngeal
Pertaining to the tongue and throat (9th cranial nerve)
221
Glottis
Opening of upper larynx (just behind base of tongue)
222
Epiglottis
Thin cartilage at base of tongue and above the larynx that flaps over the larynx during swallowing
223
Hepatoma
Benign tumor of the liver
224
Hepatotoxic
Poisonous to the liver
225
Labial
Pertaining to lips
226
Laparotomy
Surgical incision through the flank
227
Laparoscopy
Examination of the interior of the abdomen with a scope (usually fiberoptic)
228
Latissiumus dorsi
Broadest muscle of the back
229
Leiopathy
Disease of the spleen
230
Lingual
Referring to the tongue
231
Longissimus muscles
Long muscles along spine
232
Lumbar
Pertaining to the loins
233
Lumbosacral
Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae
234
Manipulate
To handle
235
Melosalgia
Pain in the lower limbs
236
Meloplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the cheek
237
Myelin
A white fatty material that covers nerves with fast conduction of impulses
238
Myelogenous
Produces in the bone marrow
239
Myelogram
Radiograph of the spinal cord after administering surrounding contrast media
240
Neural
Pertaining to nerves
241
Neurohypophysis
Posterior part of pituitary that consists of nerve cells from the base of the brain
242
Notochord
Rod-like structure that forms the spinal column
243
Odontectomy
Tooth extraction
244
Omalgia
Shoulder pain
245
Omphalitis
Inflammation of the umbilicus (navel)
246
Onychophagia
Nail chewing
247
Onychectomy
Declaw
248
Oropharync
Mouth and throat
249
Palpebral
Pertaining to eyelids
250
Pancreatectomy
Surgical removal of the pancreas
251
Pectoral
Pertaining to the breast
252
Pellagra
Rough skin from niacin (B vitamin) deficiency
253
Peritoneum
Lining of the abdomen and abdominal organs
254
Peroneal
Pertaining to the fibula
255
Pharyngeal
Pertaining to the throat
256
Pharyngitis
Sore throat
257
Phrenic
Pertaining to the diaphragm
258
Phrenospasm
Hiccups
259
Pineal gland
Pine cone shape
260
Pinealoma
Tumore of a pin cone-shaped gland of the brain
261
Pleural
Relating to the inner lining of the chest and outer lining of lungs
262
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the chest lining
263
Podiatrist
Specialist in foot problems
264
Podalgia
Pain in the foot
265
Proctoscopy
Examination of the anus and rectum with a scope
266
Proctologist
Medical specialist in the anus and rectum
267
Prosopoplegia
Facial paralysis
268
Pygostyle
Spinal tail of birds
269
Renal
Pertaining to the kidney
270
Rhinoplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the nose
271
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose
272
Sarcoma
Malignant tumor of flesh tissue (not from lining cells of the body, those are carinomas)
273
Scelalgia
Pain in the lower part of the leg
274
Psychosomatic
Mental or emotional problems that act as a physical problem
275
Somatotropin
Growth hormone
276
Thoracotomy
Surgical incision into the pleural cavity
277
Thoracolumbar
Pertaining to the junction of the chest and loin
278
Thymoma
Tumor of the thymus gland
279
Trachelorrhapy
Suture of torn or lacerated cervix
280
Trachelorrhapy
Suture of a torn or lacerated cervix
281
Tracheobronchitis
Inflammation of the windpipe and its branches
282
Uranoschisis
Cleft palate
283
Uvula
Little grape-like flesh that hangs from the soft palate in humans
284
Visceroparietal
Pertaining to soft internal organs and the abdominal wall
285
Ambulate
To walk
286
Ambulance
Vehicle to transport patients that cannot walk
287
Chondrosarcoma
Malignant tumor of cartilage
288
Cleidocranial
Pertaining to clavicle and head
289
Femoral condyle
Rounded projections on end of the thigh bone
290
Costochrondal
Pertaining to a rib and its cartilage
291
Coxofemoral
Pertaining to the hip and the thigh bone
292
Coxalgia
Pain in the hip
293
Craniotomy
Incision into the skull
294
Craniospinal
Pertaining to the skull and bones of the spine
295
Polydactyly
Excessive number of fingers or toes
296
DJD
Degenerative joint disease
297
Fibula
Smaller outer bone of leg below kneecap
298
Genioplasty
Reconstructive surgery on the chin
299
Genucubital
Pertaining to the knees and elbows
300
Brachygnathia
Short jawed
301
Ischium
Lower part of hip bone
302
Kinesiology
Study of the body's movement
303
Mandible
Lower jawbone
304
Maxilla
Upper jawbone
305
Ossification
Forming bone
306
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of the bones of a joint
307
Phalanx
Finger or toe bones
308
Rachiotome
Instrument for cutting the spine
309
Rhabdomyolysis
Breaking up of skeletal muscle
310
Sacrum
Triangular bone below lumbar vertebrae
311
Sacroiliac
Junction of the end of the spine and the hip bone
312
Scapula
Shovel-shaped bone (shoulder blade)
313
Pylorospasm
Involuntary contraction of the end of the stomach
314
Spasmolytic
Stopping an involuntary contraction
315
Cerebrospinal
Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord
316
Spondylopathy
Disease of the spine
317
Sternocostal
Pertaining to the breastbone and ribs
318
Syndesmorrhaphy
Suturing of a ligament
319
Talus
Highest of the ankle bones
320
Talotibial
Pertaining to the ankle and large lower leg bone
321
Tarsus
Ankle, bones in angle between tibia and metatarsals of foot
322
Tarsalgia
Pain in the ankle
323
Tendotome
An instrument used to cut a tendon
324
Tibia
Inner, larger bone below knee
325
Tibiotarsal
Junction between large shin bone and ankle
326
Tonometer
The instrument for measuring eye tension (pressure)
327
Ulna
Bone of forearm from elbow to little finger side of wrist
328
Alimentary
Concerned with nutrition
329
BM
Bowel movement
330
Borborygmus
Digestive Rumbling
331
Dyschezia
Difficulty in defecation
332
Hematochezia
(Red) blood in the feces
333
Colon
Lower intestine
334
Adipsia
Not drinking
335
Polydipsia
Excessive drinking
336
Duodenum
Upper small intestine about 12 finger widths long
337
Emetic
Causing vomiting
338
Emesis
Act of vomiting
339
Enteritis
Inflammation of the intestines
340
Esophagus
Food tube from pharynx to stomach
341
GI
Gastrointestinal
342
Gingival
Pertaining to the gums
343
Ileum
Last part of small intestines before the colon
344
Jejunum
Middle segment of small intestines
345
Masseter
Chewing muscle of the jaw
346
MCT
Medium chain triglyceride
347
Molar
Tooth that grinds like a millstone
348
Opsonin
Enticing to phagocytosis
349
Orexis
Appetite
350
Anorexia
Lack of appetite
351
Pepsin
Enzyme for digestive process
352
Dyspeptic
Discomfort following a meal
353
Postprandial
Following a meal
354
Ptyalin
An enzyme in saliva
355
Purgative
Causing the bowels to empty
356
Pylorus
Gate from stomach to duodenum
357
Pyloromyotomy
Cutting the muscle at the end of the stomach
358
Scatoscopy
Examining the feces for diagnostic evidence
359
Trismus
Spasm of the chewing muscles
360
Atrophy
Wasting away, as if from no nutrition
361
Hypertrophy
Excessive growth requiring excess nutrients
362
Villi
Surface protrusions that are like tufts of hair
363
BPH
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
364
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen
365
CRD
Chronic Renal Disease
366
CRF
Chronic Renal Failure
367
Nocturnal enuresis
Bed wetting
368
GFR
Glomerular Filtration Rate
369
IVP
Intravenous Pyelography
370
Nephropathy
Disease of the kidney
371
Pollakiuria
Abnormally frequent urination
372
Sp Gr
Specific Gravity
373
Spectrometer
Instrument that measures index of light reflection
374
UA
Urinalysis
375
Anuresis
Urine retention
376
Ureter
Urine tube from the kidney to the bladder
377
Ureterolith
A calculus (stone) in the ureter
378
Urethra
Urine tube from the bladder to the outside
379
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
380
Pyuria
Pus in the urine
381
UTI
Urinary Tract Infection
382
Vesicorenal
Pertaining to the kidney and urinary bladder
383
AED
Automated External Defibrillator
384
Angiogram
A radiograph after administering a contrast media in the vessel
385
Angiogenesis
Growing new blood vessels
386
Artery
A blood vessel that carries air (oxygenated blood)
387
Arterial
Pertaining to carrying of oxygenated blood
388
Atherosclerosis
Yellow plaques in arteries
389
AV
Atrioventricular
390
BP
Blood Pressure
391
Bradycardia
Slow heart beat
392
Cardiovascular
Pertaining to heart and blood vessels
393
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
394
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
395
CVP
Central Venous Pressure
396
ECG
Electrocardiogram
397
EKG
Electrocardiogram
398
HR
Heart Rate
399
Infarct
Necrosis of tissue from obstructed arterial supply
400
LA
Left Arm
401
LL
Left Leg
402
RA
Right Arm
403
RL
Right Leg
404
mm Hg
Millimeters of Mercury
405
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosis
406
Pulse
Palpable expansion and contraction of an artery
407
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
408
Arrhythmia
Lack of heart rhythm
409
RV
Right Ventricle
410
SA
Sinoatrial
411
Saphenous vein
Obvious vein above the heel or hock
412
Stethoscope
Instrument for listening to heart sounds
413
Tachycardia
Rapid heart beat
414
Venostasis
Stopping the glow of unoxygenated blood
415
Venipuncture
Sticking a needle in a vein
416
Intravenous
Inside a vein
417
Aerophagia
Swallowing air
418
Anaerobic
Grows without air
419
Aspiration
Breathing in of a foreign substance
420
Asthma
Constriction and obstruction of airways
421
Bronchodilator
Something that opens the small airways
422
Bronchi
Airway branches off the trachea
423
Acapnia
A deficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues
424
Capnophilic
Bacteria that grow best in carbon dioxide
425
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
426
Crepitation
Crackling sounds
427
Expectorate
To spit
428
Halitosis
Offensive odorous breath
429
Laryngoscope
Instrument to view the voice box
430
Laryngoplegia
Paralysis of the voice box
431
Nasolacrimal
Pertaining to the tear duct and nose
432
Anoxia
No oxygen
433
Hypoxia
Decreased oxygen
434
Apnea
No breathing
435
Dyspnea
Difficulty in breathing
436
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs with congestion
437
Cardiopulmonary
Pertaining to the heart and lungs
438
Rales
Fine crackle sounds in the lungs
439
Respiration
Act of breathing
440
Rhonchus
A continuous snoring sound in throat, trachea, or bronchi
441
Asphyxia
(Literally "lack of pulse") contemporary meaning is "suffocation"
442
Spirogram
Graph of respiratory movements
443
Stertorous
Snoring or similar to snoring
444
TB
Tuberculosis
445
Antitussive
Cough suppressant
446
Pertussis
Whooping cough (bacterial disease)
447
URI
Upper Respiratory Infection
448
Ventilate
To replace air in an enclosed space
