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Biomedical Terminnology > Exam 2 Flashcards > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Chorion

A

Skin
Ex. Outside (skin) of the placenta

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2
Q

Choroid

A

Skin-like
Ex. Brown vascular part of the eye between the sclera and retina

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3
Q

Chorioretinitis

A

Inflammation of the retina and its vascular bed

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4
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Blood platelet cell

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5
Q

Cytogenetics

A

Chromosome analysis of cells

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6
Q

Diaphragm

A

Partition
Muscular, fibrous wall, between chest and abdomen

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7
Q

Hymen

A

Membrane
Ex. Membrane partially obstructing the entrance to the vagina in virgins

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8
Q

Hymenoptera

A

Membrane winged insects

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9
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Membranous sheath of muscle

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10
Q

Mediastinum

A

Partition between right and left sides of chest

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11
Q

Membrana

A

Thin skin

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12
Q

Membrane

A

Thin pliable sheet of tissue

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13
Q

Membranous

A

Pertaining to a thin pliable sheet of tissue

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14
Q

Meninges

A

3 membranes encasing the brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the lining membranes of the brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

Meningoencephalitis

A

Inflammation of brain tissue and its lining membranes

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17
Q

Parietal

A

Bone that forms most of the skull wall

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18
Q

Emphaxis

A

A stoppage or obstruction

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19
Q

Pyknosis

A

Condensation of a cell’s nucleus

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20
Q

Septum

A

Dividing wall or partition in the nasal passages

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21
Q

Septal

A

Pertaining to a partition

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22
Q

Stroma

A

Supporting tissue for an organ

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23
Q

Geriatric

A

Referring to the elderly

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24
Q

Gerontology

A

Study of diseases of the elderly

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25
Q

Neonatal

A

First month after birth (humans)

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26
Q

Prenatal

A

Occurring before birth

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27
Q

Senility

A

Mental deterioration in old age

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28
Q

Pediatrics

A

Branch of medicine dealing with children until adolescence

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29
Q

Paleopathology

A

Study of disease in prehistoric times

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30
Q

Pseudocyesis

A

False pregnancy

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31
Q

Embryon

A

Embryo

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32
Q

Embryo

A

Developing baby, after the long axis is present until the major structure (recognizable feet) appear

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33
Q

Fetus

A

Developing baby after major structures (feet) are recognizable

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34
Q

Gestare

A

To bear

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35
Q

Gestation

A

Time of fertilization until birth

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36
Q

Gravid

A

Pregnant, full of fertilized birth

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37
Q

Primigravid

A

First pregnancy

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38
Q

Obstetrics

A

Branch of medicine dealing with women from fertilization to recovery from childbirth

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39
Q

Obstetrician

A

Specialist in pregnancy and its recovery

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40
Q

Primipara

A

First pregnancy

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41
Q

Multiparous

A

Releasing more than one egg at a time

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42
Q

Parturition

A

Act of giving birth

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43
Q

Post-partum

A

After giving birth

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44
Q

Sterility

A

Inability to produce offspring

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45
Q

Teratoma

A

A tumor that contains cells from all 4 embryonic layer

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46
Q

Teratogenic

A

Producing monsters (anomalies)

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47
Q

Toco

A

Birth

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48
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hormone that causes contraction of the uterus and letdown of milk

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49
Q

Tocolysis

A

Stopping the birth process

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50
Q

Uterus

A

Womb

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51
Q

Uteropexy

A

Tying down a moveable uterus

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52
Q

Uterotomy

A

Caesarian section, cutting open the uterus

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53
Q

Amoiba

A

Change

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54
Q

Amoeba

A

Protozoa that readily changes shape

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55
Q

Diverticulum

A

A pouch off of a hollow organ like the intestines

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56
Q

Metamorphosis

A

A developmental change in body form as in frogs and insects

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57
Q

Metaplasia

A

Transformation of one type of tissue into another type

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58
Q

Thyrotropic

A

Stimulating the thyroid gland

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59
Q

Mammotropic

A

Stimulating the mammary gland

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60
Q

Apoptosis

A

Falling off / Programmed normal death of cells

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61
Q

Cadaver

A

Dead body

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62
Q

Caries

A

Dry rot / Decay of teeth (or bone)

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63
Q

Gangriana

A

Gnawing

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64
Q

Gangrene

A

Death and decay of body tissue, usually from lack of blood supply

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65
Q

Mortality

A

Death rate

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66
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of cells from injury or disease

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67
Q

Necropsy

A

Examination and dissection of an animal’s body to determine the cause of death (Note: In humans, this is called an autopsy)

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68
Q

Sapros

A

Putrid

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69
Q

Saprophyte

A

An organism (bacteria or fungus) that lives on or in dead or decaying organic material

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70
Q

Sepsis

A

Putrefaction

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71
Q

Septic

A

Relating to disease-causing organisms

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72
Q

Septicemia

A

Disease-causing organisms in the bloodstream (blood poisoning)

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73
Q

Sequestrum

A

To put aside / a fragment of dead tissue displaced from its origin and healthy tissue (usually a bone fragment from an injury)

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74
Q

Tabes

A

Wasting

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75
Q

Diabetic tabes

A

Wasting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

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76
Q

Taphophilia

A

Love of funerals or graves

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77
Q

Taphophobia

A

Fear of graveyards

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78
Q

Zoe

A

Life

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79
Q

Azotemia

A

An excess of protein waste products (urea) in the bloodstream from kidney failure (literally “no life in bloodstream”)

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80
Q

Neonatal

A

Newly born

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81
Q

Neoplasm

A

New (uncontrolled) growth (cancer)

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82
Q

Oncology

A

Study of tumors

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83
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

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84
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of a long bone

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85
Q

Hypophysis

A

“Lower growth” (pituitary gland that grows off the base of the brain)

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86
Q

Neoplasm

A

New growth, newly formed

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87
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The contents of a cell outside the nucleus

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88
Q

Spore

A

A single cell reproductive body that is highly resistant to damage by drying and heat

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89
Q

Viviparous

A

Giving birth to live offspring (not eggs in shells)

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90
Q

Vivisection

A

Cutting into live animals

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91
Q

Annulus

A

Ring; forming a ring

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92
Q

Annuloplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the ring around a heart valve or an intervertebral disk

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93
Q

Bacilliform

A

Rod-like, cylinder with round ends (looks like bacteria)

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94
Q

Bacilluria

A

Rods (bacteria) in urine

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95
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic plants with rods (or spherical) shape

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96
Q

Bacterin

A

Vaccine made of dead or weakened bacteria

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97
Q

Cestode

A

Tapeworms; flat, belt-like worms

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98
Q

Chlamys

A

Cloak

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99
Q

Chlamydia

A

A bacteria that grows cloaked inside cells, protected from most antibiotics

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100
Q

Cingulum

A

Girdle

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101
Q

Cingulotomy

A

Cutting into the cingulate gyrus, center for pain interpretation and girdle for corpus callosum

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102
Q

Endyma

A

Upper garment

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103
Q

Ependyma

A

Lining (coat) of the ventricles of the brain and canal in spinal cord

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104
Q

Fascia

A

Band, Bundle
Sheets of fibrous tissue that bundle layers of other tissues

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105
Q

Monile

A

Necklace

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106
Q

Monilethrix

A

Inherited brittle hair with constrictions in shaft; beaded hair

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107
Q

Moniliform

A

Appearance like string of beads

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108
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Shield like gland in front of upper trachea

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109
Q

Thyroxine

A

Secretion of the thyroid gland

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110
Q

Tunica

A

Coat

111
Q

Tunica Olbuginea

A

White membrane fibrous capsule, especially of the testis

112
Q

Vulva

A

Wrapper
Visible external female genitalia which is like a wrapper during mating

113
Q

Zoster

A

Girdle

114
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Virus that causes inflammation of nerves which project around the body or face like a girdle or half a girdle (“shingles”)

115
Q

Amnios

A

Lamb

116
Q

Amnion

A

A thin tough, fluid filled sac that encloses the embryo or fetus

117
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Sticking a needle into the amnion to retrieve a fluid and cell sample

118
Q

Bous

A

Ox

119
Q

Buphthalmos

A

Ox-like enlargement of the eye

120
Q

Carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor with projection like a crab’s legs

121
Q

Canine teeth

A

Flesh tearing pointed teeth, prominent in dogs

122
Q

Coccyx

A

The small triangular bone at the base of the spine in humans and tailless apes

123
Q

Caracos

A

Crow

124
Q

Coracoid process

A

A long curved bony projection from the neck of the shoulder blade shaped like a crow’s beak

125
Q

Coronoid

A

Bone processes that resemble a crow’s beak

126
Q

Entomology

A

Study of insects

127
Q

Cauda equina

A

Bunch of nerve fibers at the end of the spinal cord that appears like a horse’s tail

128
Q

Formalin

A

A 37% solution of formaldehyde in water

129
Q

Formaldehyde

A

The gas phase of a fixative and antibacterial agent used to prepare carcasses for anatomy specimens

130
Q

Hippocampus

A

A portion of the brain shaped like a sea horse

131
Q

Lagos

A

Hare

132
Q

Lagophthalmia

A

Failure of the eyelid to close (rabbit were believed to sleep with their eyes open)

133
Q

Lagomorph

A

Rabbits and hares

134
Q

Lupus

A

Wolf

135
Q

Lupus erythematosus

A

Autoimmune disease that causes red scaly skin patches on nose and cheeks

136
Q

Myocardium

A

Heart muscle

137
Q

Myostisis

A

Inflammation of muscle

138
Q

Pediculosis

A

Louse infestation

139
Q

Psittacosis

A

Respiratory disease of parrots and parrot-like birds that can be transmitted to humans

140
Q

Pulicosis

A

Flea infestation

141
Q

Vaccine

A

A suspension of killed or attenuated microorganisms for the prevention, reduction, or treatment of infectious disease

142
Q

Vaccination

A

The administration of a vaccine

143
Q

Zoonosis

A

Disease transmittable from animals to humans under natural conditions

144
Q

Acinus

A

Cluster of grapes

145
Q

Acinar

A

Pertaining to the granular appearance of certain organs like the pancreas

146
Q

Adenitis

A

Inflammation of a gland

147
Q

Adenoma

A

Benign tumor of a gland

148
Q

Arboreal

A

Resembling or living in trees

149
Q

Arborization

A

Branching like a tree (such as occurs with nerve fibers)

150
Q

Botyromycosis

A

Granulomatous masses produced in a wound infected with staphylococcus bacteria

151
Q

Cannula

A

Small reed-like hollow tube, instrument

152
Q

Staphylococcus

A

Common round bacteria that bunches like berries

153
Q

Dendrite

A

Long branches within a nerve fiber and produced by a nerve cell body

154
Q

Dendritic

A

Pertaining to dendrites

155
Q

Gland

A

Group of tissues that form a mass, some like an acorn

156
Q

Glandular

A

Relating to glands

157
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Giant cell with large nucleus in bone marrow that produces platelets

158
Q

Lenticular

A

Referring to a lens

159
Q

Lichenified

A

Skin sore that becomes thickened, fissured, and bark-like

160
Q

Miliart

A

Small round, like a millet seed

161
Q

Nux vomica

A

“Quakers buttons” nuts, source of strychnine poison, used in homeopathy

162
Q

Nucleolus

A

Dense organelle inside the nucleus of cells

163
Q

Aphakia

A

Absence of lens of eye

164
Q

Phacoscope

A

Instrument to view the lens of the eye

165
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Green colored plant pigment

166
Q

Dermatophyte

A

Ringworm (skin fungus/plant)

167
Q

Phytopathology

A

Study of plant diseases

168
Q

Ramus of mandible

A

Branch of mandible that turns upward to joint of the jaw

169
Q

Rhizotomy

A

Surgical incision of a cranial or spinal nerve root

170
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Small bone embedded in a tendon

171
Q

Spermatocyte

A

Male reproductive cell (seed) for uniting with an ova

172
Q

Spermatozoa

A

Male reproductive cells

173
Q

Sporozoa

A

Parasitic protozoa with microscopic seed-like appearance

174
Q

Sporotrichosis

A

A fungus that grows under the skin and produces spores that appear like microscopic seeds

175
Q

Staphylococci

A

Round bacteria that bunch in group like grapes

176
Q

Staphylotoxin

A

Poison produced by staphylococci bacteria

177
Q

Urticaria

A

Development of hives in the skin

178
Q

Xylene

A

Aromatic hydrocarbon from wood tar

179
Q

Xylose

A

Monosaccharide from methylcellose

180
Q

Anthrax

A

Bacterial disease that often causes a black skin sore in humans

181
Q

Anthracosis

A

Lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust

182
Q

Calcification

A

Process of hardening due to depostion of calcium

183
Q

Carbuncle

A

Skin “boil” that used to be commonly caused by anthrax

184
Q

Chrysotherapy

A

Treatment with gold to alter the immune response to diseases

185
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Lung disease caused by inhalation of mineral or metallic dust, especially asbestos or silica

186
Q

Ecology

A

Study of relationships between organisms and their environment

187
Q

Electrocardiograph

A

A measurement of the voltages produced by contraction of the heart

188
Q

Geophagia

A

Eating dirt

189
Q

Geophillic

A

Preferring to reside in dirt

190
Q

Heliosis

A

Sunstroke

191
Q

Lithotomy

A

Removal of a stone from the urinary tract

192
Q

Metalloproteinase

A

Enzyme that degrades a protein combined with a metal

193
Q

Pelodera

A

A parasitic larvae that normally lives in mud and wet straw

194
Q

Pluminbism

A

Chronic lead poisoning

195
Q

Psammoma

A

Tumor containing sand-like material

196
Q

Silicosis

A

Lung disease caused by a stone dust

197
Q

Thiobarbiturate

A

Sulfur-containing drug used for short-term anesthesia

198
Q

Acute

A

Short-lived, severe, sudden

199
Q

Chronic

A

Of long duration

200
Q

Crepuscular

A

Active at twilight

201
Q

Circadian

A

“Around the day”, occurring over 24 hours

202
Q

Diurnal

A

Occurring or active during the daylight

203
Q

Menopause

A

End of monthly uterine wall lining replacement

204
Q

Menorrhea

A

Monthly flow resulting from replacement of uterine lining

205
Q

Nocturia

A

Urinating at night

206
Q

Nocturnal

A

Active at night

207
Q

Nyctalopia

A

Difficulty in seeing at night

208
Q

Temporal bone

A

Thinnest portion of skull, an area ancients in war tried to deliver a blow and end the lifetime of an opponent

209
Q

Alveoli

A

Small air sacs in lungs (or tooth sockets)

210
Q

Alveolar process

A

Ridge on upper and lower jaws that contain the dental alveoli (tooth sockets)

211
Q

Antrum

A

Partially closed cavity or chamber in bone (or the entrance to that pylorus of the stomach)

212
Q

Atrium

A

Upper chambers of the heart that receive blood before entering ventricles and being pumped out

213
Q

Cavernous

A

Filled with cavities, porous

214
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit capable of independent functioning

215
Q

Cellulitis

A

Spreading inflammation of tissue

216
Q

Cellulose

A

Complex carbohydrates in cell wall of plants

217
Q

Coelom

A

Body cavity forms abdominal and thoracic cavities

218
Q

Spermatocele

A

Cyst of epididymitis containing sperm

219
Q

Colposcope

A

Scope to visualize the vagina and cervix

220
Q

Colpoplasty

A

Reconstructive surgery of the vagina

221
Q

Cyst

A

A sac lined with epithelium and containing a fluid or semisolid material

222
Q

Cystic

A

Relating to a bladder

223
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

224
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Area of the retina that collects the clearest vision

225
Q

Gastric

A

Relating to the stomach

226
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines

227
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach

228
Q

Lacuna

A

Small depression (space where a bone forming cell is located in bone)

229
Q

Sinus

A

Depression or cavity on the surface of an organ

230
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of a sinus

231
Q

Sinusoid

A

Venous cavity that carries blood to an organ

232
Q

Striated

A

Having striped, grooves, or ridges

233
Q

Sulcus

A

Deep groove between organs or between gyri of the brain

234
Q

Sulciform

A

Having a groove

235
Q

Tectospinal

A

Form the roof of the midbrain to the spinal cord

236
Q

Tectospinal

A

From the roof of the midbrain to the spinal cord

237
Q

Integument

A

Covering (generally meaning skin)

238
Q

Vagina

A

Canal for sexual intercourse and birth canal

239
Q

Vaginate

A

To inclose in a sheath

240
Q

Vaginoplasty

A

Reconstructive surgery on the vagina

241
Q

Ventral

A

Relating to the lower aspects of the body

242
Q

Ventricle

A

Lower, larger, belly-like part of the heart

243
Q

Vestibular

A

Acting as an entry way (related to balance… vestibular part of the ear)

244
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Blood vessel between aorta and pulmonary artery which allows blood to bypass the lungs in the fetus

245
Q

Fenestrated

A

Having openings, windows

246
Q

Fenestral

A

A small opening

247
Q

Fistulous withers

A

Draining tract to the surface of the skin at withers (infection with brucellosis)

248
Q

Foramen

A

An opening (in bone)

249
Q

Aortic hiatus

A

Opening in diaphragm for the aorta to pass from the heart to the abdomen

250
Q

Acoustic meatus

A

Opening in skull for nerves of hearing and the facial nerve

251
Q

Nasal meatus

A

3 passages through the nasal cavity

252
Q

Malocclusion

A

Failure to shut properly (faulty contact between upper and lower teeth when jaw is closed)

253
Q

Operculum

A

A lid of flap (found on some parasite eggs)

254
Q

Os of uterus

A

Opening from cervix to the uterine body

255
Q

External os

A

Opening from cervix to vagina

256
Q

Ostomy

A

Creation of an artificial external excretory opening (colostomy, ileostomy)

257
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Open duct (channel) between the aorta and pulmonary artery that normally closes at birth

258
Q

Pons

A

Band of nerve fibers that link the lower (primitive) aspects of brain with the upper part of the brain, through the pons to the cerebellum (lower part of the brain)

259
Q

Porous

A

Having openings, leaky

260
Q

Salpingitis

A

Inflammation of a tube (fallopian or auditory)

261
Q

Salpingocele

A

Hernia of a fallopian tube

262
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Cavities off the nasal cavity linked by mucous tissues (maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoidal)

263
Q

Sinusoid

A

Venous cavity that delivers blood to some organs

264
Q

Stomach

A

“Mouth” of abdominal digestive tract

265
Q

Anastomosis

A

Surgically joining the “mouths” of two open tubes (intestines)

266
Q

Syringe

A

A plastic or glass tube with a plunger to administer drugs

267
Q

Syringomyelia

A

Disease caused change in the spinal cord that causes tubes of fluid to replace nerve tracts

268
Q

Trematode

A

Flat parasites with suckers (originally believed to be holes), also called flukes

269
Q

Atresia

A

No openings

270
Q

Tuboabdominal

A

Relating to the follopian tube and the abdomen

271
Q

Typhlectomy

A

Removal of the cecum

272
Q

Typhlitis

A

Inflammation of the cecum

273
Q

Valve

A

Membranous door-like structures in veins or arteries that prevent the backflow of blood

Biomedical Terminnology (5 decks)

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