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Pharmacology > Exam 4 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 4 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanide
Decrease hepatic glucose production; increase insulin sensitivity
First line

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2
Q

Glyburide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

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3
Q

Glipizide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

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4
Q

Glimepiride

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

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5
Q

Repaglinide

A

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

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6
Q

Nateglinide

A

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

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7
Q

Acarbose

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

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8
Q

Miglitol

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

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9
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

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10
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

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11
Q

Alogliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

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12
Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

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13
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

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14
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

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15
Q

Canagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

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16
Q

Dapagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

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17
Q

Empagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

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18
Q

Ertugliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

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19
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile acid sequestrant

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20
Q

Bromocriptine (quick release)

A

Dopamine-2 agonist

Increase insulin sensitivity

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21
Q

Exenatide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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22
Q

Exenatide ER

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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23
Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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24
Q

Lixisenatide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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25
Q

Dulaglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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26
Q

Semaglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

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27
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin mimetic

Decrease glucagon, increase satiety

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28
Q

Ethinyl estradiol

A

Estrogen

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29
Q

Mestranol

A

Estrogen

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30
Q

Norgestrel

A

Progestin

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31
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

Progestin

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32
Q

Norethindrone

A

Progestin (can be used in HRT)

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33
Q

Ethynodiol

A

Progestin

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34
Q

Norgestimate

A

Progestin

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35
Q

Desogestrel

A

Progestin

36
Q

Drospirenone

A

Progestin (synthetic) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

37
Q

Ethinyl estradiol + norelgesttromin

A

Transdermal patch; estrogen + progestin combo

38
Q

Ethinyl estradiol + etonogestrel

A

Intravaginal ring; estrogen + progestin combo

39
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

Progesterone-only IUD (Skyla q3 yrs, Liletta q4 yrs, Mirena/Kyleena q5 yrs)

40
Q

Etonogestrel

A

Progesterone only subdermal implant

41
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Progestin for HRT or progesterone only injection (IM/SC) (Depo-Provera q 3 months)

42
Q

Mifepristone

A

Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (postcoital contraception)

43
Q

Estradiol

A

Estrogen used in HRT

44
Q

Progesterone

A

Progestin used in HRT

45
Q

Prometrium

A

Progesterone (oral)

46
Q

Raloxifene

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

47
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

48
Q

Bazedoxifene

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

49
Q

Anastrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

50
Q

Letrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

51
Q

Exemestane

A

Aromatase inhibitor (irreversible, steroidal)

52
Q

Fulvestrant

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator (SERD)

53
Q

Testosterone

A

Principal androgen

Used in HRT

54
Q

Depo-testosterone

A

IM HRT

55
Q

Androderm patch

A

Transdermal HRT

56
Q

Androgel

A

Topical HRT

57
Q

Testim

A

Topical HRT

58
Q

Axiron

A

Topical HRT

59
Q

Vogelxo

A

Topical HRT

60
Q

Methyltestosterone

A

Oral synthetic testosterone

61
Q

Oxandrolone

A

Anabolic androgen

62
Q

Oxymetholone

A

Anabolic androgen

63
Q

Finasteride

A

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

64
Q

Dutasteride

A

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

65
Q

Enzalutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

66
Q

Flutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

67
Q

Bicalutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

68
Q

Nilutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

69
Q

Abarelix

A

GnRH receptor antagonist

70
Q

Degarelix

A

GnRH receptor antagonist

71
Q

Leuprolide

A

GnRH receptor agonist

72
Q

Goserelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

73
Q

Histrelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

74
Q

Triptorelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

75
Q

Aspart

A

Rapid acting insulin

76
Q

Humulin-R

A

Short acting regular insulin (available as U100 or U500, diff. PK)

77
Q

Novolin-N

A

Intermediate acting NHP insulin

78
Q

Glargine

A

Long acting insulin (available as U100 or U300, diff. PK)

79
Q

Detemir

A

Long acting insulin

80
Q

Glulisine

A

Rapid acting insulin

81
Q

Lispro

A

Rapid acting insulin

82
Q

Novolin-R

A

Short acting regular insulin

83
Q

Afrezza

A

Inhaled rapid acting insulin

84
Q

Humulin-N

A

Intermediate acting NPH insulin

85
Q

Degludec

A

Ultra long acting insulin

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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