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Assessment > Exam 4: Anus, Rectum, Prostate > Flashcards

Exam 4: Anus, Rectum, Prostate Flashcards

1
Q

A decrease in stool frequency, with difficult passing of very hard, day stools

A

Constipation

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2
Q

Painful longitudinal tear in tissue (in the superficial mucosa at the anal margin)

A

Fissure

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3
Q

Flabby papules if skin or mucous membrane in the anal region caused by a varicose vein of the hemorrhoidal plexus

A

Hemorrhoid

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4
Q

Blood in the stool

A

Melena

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5
Q

Itching or burning senstation in the skin

A

Pruritis

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6
Q

Excessive fat in the stool as in gastrointestinal malabsorption of fat

A

Steatorrhea

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7
Q

Set of 3 semilunar transverse folds that cross one half the circumference of the rectal lumen

A

Valves of Houston

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8
Q

Set of 3 semilunar transverse folds that cross one half the circumference of the rectal lumen
They support the weight of the fecal matter and prevent it from urging toward the anus
These, along with the rectal ampulla, allow gas through without the fecal matter

A

Valves of Houston

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9
Q

The sphincter that controls bowel movements (muscle)

A

Internal sphincter

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10
Q

The outlet of the anal canal contains..

A

Skin
No hair or sebaceous glands
Nerves
Internal & external sphincters

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11
Q

Holds in stool but still allows you to pass gas
Feces are stored here until expelled out anal canal
Comes right before the anal canal

A

Rectal ampulla

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12
Q

Holds in stool but still allows you to pass gas
Feces are stored here until expelled out anal canal
Comes right before the anal canal

A

Rectal ampulla

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13
Q

Between the rectum and symphysis pubis

Surrounds bladder neck and urethra

A

Prostate gland

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14
Q

The prostate gland contains ducts where 2 seminal vesicles create a sugary fluid that..

A

Keeps sperm viable/alive

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15
Q

The prostate gland contains ducts where 2 seminal vesicles create a sugary fluid that..

A

Keeps sperm viable/alive

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16
Q

Same as the bartholin’s gland in females

Creates mucus that lines the urethra for easy passage out for the sperm

A

Bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands

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17
Q

Same as the bartholin’s gland in females

Creates mucus that lines the urethra for easy passage out for the sperm

A

Bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands

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18
Q

When should you get a sigmoidoscopy

A

Every 5 years after the age of 50

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19
Q

When should you get a colonoscopy

A

Every 10 years after the age of 50

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20
Q

These look for polyps that might be cancerous

A

Scopes (sigmoidoscopy & colonoscopy)

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21
Q

Hypertrophy of the prostate can occur with hormone imbalance causing a ____
This might make you have to pee at night and is very hard to catheterize

A

Benign adenomas

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22
Q

This diet can increase risk for prostate cancer

A

High fatty red meats

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23
Q

This tests for colon and prostate cancer

A

DRE (digital rectum exam)

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24
Q

This tests your stool, put on gloves, palpate rectum, make a finger print of stool and look for hidden blood which is a sign of colon cancer

A

Fecal occult blood test

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25
Q

How often should you have a DRE and fecal occult blood test

A

Every year after 50

26
Q

How often should you get a PSA test to look for prostate cancer

A

Every year after age 50, black should start at age 45

27
Q

Colorectal cancer, like prostate and colon cancer, are more common in..

A

African Americans

28
Q

Unless the stool is already impacted (solid immobile feces that can develop from constipation) these can help move the stool along

A

Enemas and stool softeners

29
Q

Bright red blood in the stool could mean..

A

Hemorrhoids

30
Q

Painful longitudinal tear/crack in tissue (in the superficial mucosa at the anal margin)
From larger bowel movements after not moving a lot

A

Fissure

31
Q

Bright red blood in the stool could mean..

A

Hemorrhoids

32
Q

Tunneling of the rectum

A

Fistula

33
Q

A guaiac test container is used for..

A

Occult blood test sample

34
Q

How often should you check for skin irritation and breakdown

A

Every single shift

35
Q

What position should patients be in for a rectal exam

A

Males: left lateral decubitus
Females: lithotomy if also getting a vaginal exam, if not then left lateral decubitus as well

36
Q

Report rectal/anus abnormalities according to a..

A

Clock face

37
Q

How do you correctly palpate the anus

A

Never go in at a straight angle, always curve finger in

38
Q

You should always refer this to a physician

A

Enlargements

39
Q

The surface of the prostate should feel

A

Smooth and muscular

40
Q

The shape of the prostate

A

Heart shaped

41
Q

The consistency of the prostate

A

Elastic and rubbery

42
Q

The mobility of the prostate

A

Slightly movable

43
Q

The sensitivity of the prostate

A

Non-tender

44
Q

Darker black stool could mean

A

Hidden blood

45
Q

Might end up with a false positive occult blood test if..

A

They have had fatty red meats

46
Q

How many positive occult blood tests do you need to confirm before you can say there is hidden blood

A

3

47
Q

2nd leading cancer killer in the US

A

Colorectal

48
Q

Cancer of the colon or rectum beginning as non-cancerous polyps

A

Colorectal cancer

49
Q

CRC (colorectal cancer) screenings

A 
FOBT
Flexible sigmoidoscopy
Combo of FOBT and flexible sigmoid
Colonoscopy
Double contract barium enema
50
Q

In the sacral area, abnormal skin growth, a lot of people are born with these, usually surgery is done, sometimes they grow back, contains hair

A

Pilonidal cyst or sinus

51
Q

When the rectum folds out on itself, occurs a lot after giving birth

A

Rectal prolapse

52
Q

Flabby papules if skin or mucous membrane in the anal region caused by a dilated varicose vein of the hemorrhoidal plexus
Internal and external
Occurs form straining to have a bowel movement
Th

A

Hemorrhoid

53
Q

Tunneling of the rectum to another body part

A

Anorectal fistula

54
Q

When the rectum folds out on itself, occurs a lot after giving birth

A

Rectal prolapse

55
Q

A pocket of infection can occur on inner or outer rectum

A

Abscess

56
Q

Patient has been constipated for a while, stool becomes hard, dry, fixed and cant come out on its own

A

Fecal impaction

57
Q

Carcinoma means..

A

Cancerous

58
Q

Have urea, very achy, generalized weakness in abdominal area, pain fever, chills

A

Prostatitis

59
Q

When the stool is fatty

A

Steatorrhea

60
Q

Pain with having a bowel movement

A

Dyschezia

Assessment (11 decks)

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