Exam 4 Flashcards
What best describes the spread colony of the Spanish Empire in the Americas
It centered on farming and mining operations
What was associated with the Great Dying
The Little Ice Age
What is the Little Ice Age
A period of cooling that occurred after the medieval period
What is true of the plantation/ecomienda system in Latin America
It relied on a steady supply of slave labor
What country settled along the Mississippi River during the early modern period
The French
What describes European’s attitudes towards empire building
They were enlightening barbarians with their society
What characterizes Akbar the Great
He brought the Hindu and Muslim populations together
One of the driving forces behind the European desire for gold was
Mercantilism
What describes the fate of the Siberian’s people under Russian rule
They were assimilated into Russian society
What is marked by the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans
The beginning of an age of Muslim dominance in Eurasia
What country still had tribal peoples living in it during the early modern period
Australia
What event was most disruptive to European society in the 14th and 15th centuries
The Hundred Years War
What describes the roles of women in Inca and Aztec societies
They were in separate but equal spheres of society compared to men
What marked a period in European history where more emphasis was placed on art and expression
The Renaissance
How were the Aztecs and Incas similar
Both started as outsiders who conquered a region
What was the main form of society present in North America in the 15th century
Hunting and gathering
What set the European colonies in America apart from colonies in the rest of the world
Reliance on slave labor
The creation of what two empires had the greatest on Central Asia
The Russian and Chinese empires
What best describes Ottoman rule over Southeastern Europe
They were accommodating of the native Christians
What was the common trait shared by Ming and Ottoman dynasties
Both featured strong, organized bureaucracies
What set the Russian Empire apart from European empires
It both established and expanded itself at the same time
What was untouched by prominent trade routes in Afro-Eurasia
Japan
Europe’s many different countries represent
A deeply fragmented society
What was included in Constantinople’s defensive design?
High roads surrounded by the sea
The rise of what blocked direct commercial contact between Europe and China
The Ottoman Empire
How was Islam introduced into Southeast Asia and West Africa
By traveling merchants
How were Ottoman troops able to overcome the defenses of Constantinople
Gaining access to the sea surrounding the walls
How did the Chinese state resolve the problem created by a growing population and land scarcity
It made more intensive use of available land
What was a concept of a web that linked many of the people’s of the world in the fifteenth century
Empire
Where did the Ottoman Empire extend its control during the 16th century
North Africa
Why would the fall of Constantinople to Ottoman forces have been memorialized by Christians and Muslims as a significant event
Constantinople represented the historical capital and center of Eastern Roman Christian civilization
How did the Inca Empire’s treatment of conquered peoples differ from that of the Aztec Empire
The Aztec Empire demanded tribute and used prisoners of war as human sacrifices, whereas the Inca Empire created a bureaucracy, encouraged cultural assimilation, incorporated people in lower levels of bureaucracy, and practiced religious tolerance
What features differentiated the four Islamic empires in the fifteenth century
The Mughal Empire was in India, the Songhay Empire was in North Africa, the Safavid Empire endorses Shia Islam, the Ottoman Empire has to deal with a Christian population, the Mughal Empire has to deal with a Hindu population, the Songhay Empire blended Islam with local faiths
Who would Russia come into direct conflict with as it spread into the Blacj Sea
The Ottomans
As Russia spread to Siberia, it encroached on what lands
The lands of the Manchuria dynasty
Where did Russia become a prominent power during the 18th century
The Baltic Sea
What characterized the colonial economy of the Spanish Empire
It was based on commercial agriculture and mining
What describes slavery in Latin America
Large-scale importation of new slaves continued into the nineteenth a century
What reflects mercantilism
Accumulating precious metals
During which century did Russia experience its most extensive territorial expansion
The 17th century
What did the Europeans Christians refer to the people of the Pacific Northwest as
Affluent hunters and gatherers
What did the Igbo and Iroquois lack
A larger state system
Who rebuilt much of Genghis Khan’s empire?
Tamerlane
What country did Tamerlane fail to conquer
China
Who were the Fulbre
African nomadic cattle herders who travelled alongside settled societies
Who supported the sea voyages of the Chinese
Emperor Yongle
Who participated in grand Chinese voyages which almost bankrupted the economy
Zheng He
How did Zheng He’s voyages differ from European voyages to America
Zheng He did not seek to conquer, but rather to expand the trade system
What was the Rennaisance
A resurgence of Greco-Roman art and philosophy
Who did the Mexica claim descent from
Toltec
What city was the capital of the Aztec Empire
Tenochtitlan
What is the encomienda system
A system in which Spanish settlers were given control over territory and allowed to extract wealth and labor as the saw fit
What is the repartimiento system
A system with more direct government control
What is the hacienda system
A system in which Spanish officials were given large lands and paid piots small wages to work their land
Why did the Russians conquer Siberia
To gain access to furs
What is the devshirme system
A system in the Ottoman Empire where Christian families had to turn over their first born son to be converted to Islam and raised by the state
