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AP World History > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the effect of the Silk Road

A

Diffusion of languages, diffusion of bronze metallurgy, diffusion of horse-based technologies, adoption of silk as a luxury item, spread of the art of making silk, religious adoption of silk, spread of Buddhism, spread of disease

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2
Q

What are examples of religious adoption of silk

A

Christians buying Islamic silk and a Persian trader named Ramisht commissioned a silk covering for the Kaaba

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3
Q

What did Chinese peasants begin to do once silk started becoming more popular

A

They abandoned agriculture and started manufacturing luxury goods

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4
Q

What happened in cities where Buddhist monasteries were built

A

They became places of learning and commerce

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5
Q

Why did the Jie people become Buddhist

A

Because their leader was converted by a monk from Central Asia

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6
Q

What happened when Buddhism spread to rich oasis towns

A

It became more focused on the material world

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7
Q

What form of Buddhist spread widely among the masses

A

Mahayana Buddhism

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8
Q

What is Mahayana Buddhism

A

A belief in the divinity of the Buddha

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9
Q

What happened when Buddhism spread to Samarkand

A

It incorporated Zoroastrian fire rituals

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10
Q

What happened when Buddhism spread to regions of India effected by Roman conquest

A

The Buddha appeared more Roman

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11
Q

How did disease contribute to Christianity and Buddhism

A

It made them more appealing

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12
Q

What happened to the Roman and Han empires

A

They were devastated by smallpox, measles, plague, and malaria

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13
Q

What happened along the Mediterranean Coast

A

It was wiped out by bubonic plague brought from India, Ethiopia, and Egypt

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14
Q

How did disease contribute to the seizure of America

A

Indigenous people were quickly wiped out by New World diseases

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15
Q

What did Malay sailors distribute to Madagascar

A

Bananas, coconuts, and taro

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16
Q

What did the sea trade routes cause people to develop

A

More efficient sails, schools, astronomical instruments, and compasses

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17
Q

Where did the sea trade routes transmit Christianity

A

Axum and Kerala

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18
Q

What did sea trade routes do in the India Ocean basin and Alexandria

A

Developed communities of Indian traders

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19
Q

What did the sea trade routes transmit to Southeast Asia

A

Hinduism, Buddhism, and South Asian political ideas

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20
Q

What did the Tang and Song dynasties encourage

A

Maritime trade

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21
Q

What was a consequence of the expansion of Islam

A

Development of a maritime culture around the Indian Ocean

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22
Q

What Indian customs were absorbed into Southeast Asia

A

Indian alphabets were used to make Southeast Asian languages and Indian artistic forms were incorporated into sculpture and architecture

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23
Q

What was a characteristic Southeast Asian rulers shared with Indian rulers

A

The assumption of the title of god-king

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24
Q

What is an example of the devotion to Hinduism and Buddhism of the Sailendra kingdom

A

The building of Borobudur

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25
Q

What is Borobudur

A

A mountain-shaped structure shaped like a path which represents the journey from ignorance to enlightenment

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26
Q

What is the Angkor Wat

A

Hindu architecture in the Angkor kingdom

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27
Q

What resulted from demand for East African goods

A

The development of a merchant class on the East African coast

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28
Q

Who settled in the Swahili civilization

A

Arab, Indian, and Persian merchants

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29
Q

What language contributed to Swahili most

A

Arabic

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30
Q

What resulted from the sand roads

A

Development of the Niger River Valley civilization and development of urban clusters

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31
Q

What allowed trade across the Sahara

A

The introduction of the camel

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32
Q

What were the two wealthiest kingdoms in West Africa

A

Ghana and Mali

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33
Q

What was a gender-related result of the growing West African economy

A

A caste system and gender roles developed and male slaves were present along with female slaves

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34
Q

Who facilitated the spread of the Black Death

A

The Mongols

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35
Q

What was the difference between the silk and sand trade routes

A

The silk roads were predominantly east-west routes

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36
Q

What region linked East Asia to the Mediterranean world

A

Central Asia

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37
Q

What was the purpose of Borobudur

A

A place to venerate and worship

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38
Q

Where did the western end of the Silk Road traverse through

A

Persia

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39
Q

What was the political structure of Swahili civilization similar to

A

Greek political structure

40
Q

What did the Xiongnu Empire do

A

Provided a model for later Turkic empires

41
Q

Who gained control of a China during the Song Dynasty

A

The Jurchen people

42
Q

What did the Mongols do to conquered people’s

A

Forced them to fight or become laborers

43
Q

What the Mongols use to collect taxes

A

Elaborate census-taking systems

44
Q

What made possible easier trade and communication in the Mongol Empire

A

Relay stations

45
Q

What was the name of the Mongol dynasty in China

A

The Yuan dynasty

46
Q

What did Mongols do to peasants in Persia

A

They pushed them off their lands

47
Q

What was an unforeseen consequence of Mongol policies in Russia

A

The creation of a new Russian state with Moscow as its capital

48
Q

What was a good effect of Mongol-facilitated trade

A

They provided a secure environment in which European merchants could travel to China

49
Q

What was a bad effect of Mongol-facilitated trade

A

The spread of the Black Death

50
Q

What was a benefit that arose from the Black Death

A

Workers who survived could demand higher wages

51
Q

What was the capital of the Yuan Dynasty

A

Beijing

52
Q

What was an effect of Turkic rule in China

A

The replacement of tea with yogurt thinned with water

53
Q

What was an effect of Mongol rule in China

A

A return to Confucian values among the Chinese

54
Q

What did Russian princes adopt from Mongols

A

Weapons, diplomatic rituals, court practices, taxation system, and military draft

55
Q

Who brought Islam to Morocco

A

The Almoravids

56
Q

When did the Almoravids come from

A

Southern Spain

57
Q

What Chinese practice took hold in the Muslim world

A

Diagnosis of disease by taking the pulse of patients

58
Q

What goods from the Middle East became popular in China

A

Carrots and lemons

59
Q

Who provided Islam’s first converts

A

Bedouin Arabs

60
Q

What religion were Mongols more lenient towards

A

Christianity

61
Q

Who were the three major carriers of Islam

A

Arabs, Persians, and Turks

62
Q

What lands did Turks transmit Islam to

A

India and Anatolia

63
Q

What provided resistance against the Christian conquest of southern Spain

A

The Almoravid Empire

64
Q

What was a difference between Confucians and Mongols

A

Mongols respected merchants and artisans more

65
Q

What caused Persian agriculture to dwindle

A

Mongol neglect of the irrigation system

66
Q

What industries flourished in Persia under the Mongols

A

The wine and silk industries

67
Q

What caused Russian crafts to dwindle

A

Skilled workers being sold into slavery or killed

68
Q

What did Mongols do to make trade easier

A

They provided financial backing for caravans, introduced standardized weights and measures, and gave tax breaks to merchants

69
Q

What were Central Asian horses bred for

A

Mobility and speed

70
Q

Why didn’t Mongol archers wear armor

A

Speed and mobility were essential to Mongols war strategy

71
Q

What was important about the Black Sea

A

It was important to commerce and trade between East Asian and Western Europe

72
Q

What was the most characteristic feature of pastoral societies

A

Their mobility

73
Q

What was the Mongol warrior’s primary weapon

A

The bow and arrow

74
Q

Where did the bubonic plague originate from

A

Central Asia

75
Q

Which gained the most from exchanges of ideas and technologies facilitated by the Mongol Empire

A

Europe

76
Q

What was the significant role the Mongols played in world history

A

They brought together the pastoral people’s of inner Eurasia and the agricultural civilizations of outer Eurasia

77
Q

From where did the bubonic plague enter Western Europe through Italian city-states

A

North Africa

78
Q

What was the most valuable resource of the Sahara

A

Salt

79
Q

What occurred as a result of disease transfer along the Silk Road

A

Europeans developed resistance/immunity to Eurasian diseases

80
Q

What civilization was most influenced by Bantu culture from 600-1400

A

Swahili

81
Q

What is a junk

A

A boat of Muslim design that was excellent for sailing the Indian Ocean

82
Q

What enhanced ancient patterns of exchange

A

The building of second wave civilizations

83
Q

What trade helped the kingdom of Srivijaya foster a developed bureaucracy

A

Spices

84
Q

How were the Turks similar to the Arabians

A

They converted to Islam and spread it through conquest

85
Q

How did the Mongols treat conquered people’s

A

The officials/bureaucrats were incorporated into their government

86
Q

How were religions treated in Mongol territory

A

The other faiths were kept around/tolerated

87
Q

What prevented Mongols from conquering Western Europe

A

Western Europe lacked pastureland for large scale horse grazing

88
Q

Which body of water was the mains means by which the Black Death came to Europe

A

The Mediterranean Sea

89
Q

How did women benefit from global commerce in the period of 600-1400

A

Women’s positions increased due to their producing a lot of trade goods

90
Q

What was a service provided to merchants by government

A

Protection on long journeys

91
Q

In what territory did Mongol culture change the most

A

Persia

92
Q

How did Mongol society change in the areas it conquered

A

Change was tied to if the Mongols were living in/away from conquered lands

93
Q

How did Buddhism change as it moved from region to region

A

It added regional gods/saints as Buddhist saints

94
Q

What characterized pastoral societies

A

They relied on animals, they lived with kinfolk, they offered women higher status, they were mobile, they occasionally banded together in tribal confederations or nomadic states

95
Q

What kinds of policies did the Mongols use to govern their empire

A

They set up a census to tax conquered people, they set up a bureaucracy, Chinese and Muslims were incorporated into the government, practiced religious tolerance

AP World History (7 decks)

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