EXAM 4!!! Flashcards
Which of the following is correctly described as a hypophysiotropic hormone?
GnRH
A protein made in the Sertoli cells and secreted into the seminiferous tubule to bind testosterone?
androgen binding protein (ABP)
Which of the following is a mechanism for increasing heat production when core body temp falls?
increase in shivering
the main difference between the modes of action of peptide hormones and steroid hormones
peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface whereas steroid hormones bind to intracellular receptors
which of the following steroids is synthesized first from a cholesterol molecule
testosterone
The SRY gene protein
is normally coded for by a gene that is present on the Y chromosome
Which of the following could be considered the physiological function(s) of parathyroid hormone?
it directly increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
which of the following digestive enzyme is most functional in a very ACIDIC environment?
pepsin
which of the following products of digestion and absorption would most likely enter the system….?
chylomicrons
A menstrual cycle associated with painful menses is termed
dysmenorrhea
The network of nerve cells that lies between the circular and longitudinal muscles of gastro….. is called a:
myenteric plexus
Calcitonin is an important regulatory hormone whose synthesis and release is stimulated primarily by:
elevated plasma calcium levels
The epididymis draining each testis in the male leads to the vas defers
true
which of the following metabolic changes would most likely occur after an increase in plasma cortisol levels?
increased protein catabolism
the neural and hormonal control of the gastrointestinal system is subdivided into several phases. The phase…..cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion is the
intestinal phase
The ability to produce progesterone in the luteal phase of a menstrual cycle is a pregnancy to occur….. granulosa cells of the corpus luteum into progesterone-secreting cells is…?
LOOK UP
Which of the following is most responsible for the normal onset of puberty in both males and females
an increase in pulsatile release of hypothalamic GnRH
The sphincter of Odi is a ring of smooth muscle located in which of the following areas:
where the common duct from the liver and pancreas enters the duodenum
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the regulation of the gastric function
Pacemaker cells in the gastric wall produce peristaltic waves in the stomach
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the transport of hormones
steroid and thyroid hormones are primarily transported dissolved in
An absence of adequate thyroid hormones during FETAL DEVELOPMENT leads to
cretinism
Which of the following would be the MOST LIKELY diagnosis in a 16 year old female with decrease in food intake?
anorexia nervosa
Which of the following would most likely decrease the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet
. increased sympathetic input to the islet cell
the lipoproteins that function to transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver is:
HDL
which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormones stimulate
it stimulates the release of insulin-like growth factor I from the liver
Which of the following would be accurately described as a form of INSENSIBLE water-loss?
water lost through the respiratory tract during expiration
Which of the following BEST describes the composition of SEMEN in ejaculation
prostate gland secretions/ seminal vesicle gland secretions/ sperm cells
Pernicious anemia would most likely be caused by which
surgical removal of part of the stomach
Which of the following is an examples of a LONG neural reflex pathway
LOOK UP?
Which of the following is most likely to contribute to the development of ulcers in the stomach and duodenum?
H Pylori
The undifferentiated germ cells in the testes of the newborn male are called
spermatogonia
Which of the following is most likely a characteristic of fat-soluble vitamins?
their absorption is facilitated by the presence of bile salts in the lumen of the gut
Some amino acids absorbed in the small intestine from food are deaminated…production. These carbohydrate-like intermediates are called
a-ketoacids
The sloughing of endometrial tissue at the end of a normal menstrual cycle where no pregnancy occurs is due to
increase in plasma estrogen
The urine pregnancy test that can be purchased and determines pregnancy because hormone (LH) present in the urine:
false
the stomach is a complex organ that has many cell types secreting several different hormones ACID known as:
parietal cells
The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle
occurs during the same time as the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
The net result of oogenesis is that each primary oocyte can produce only one vinus ovum, but….can produce four viable spermatozoa
true
one major difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2 is
plasma insulin is typically present in normal or above normal levels in type2
During the first 5 or 6 days of a normal menstrual cycle the follicle selected for ovulation receptors are found on its thecal cells:
FSH/LH
The pancreatic islet cells responsible for the secretion of insulin are the
beta cells
The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary includes
vasopressin and ocytocin
The primary SOURCE of the estradiol 17B found in the plasma of adult females
adrenal medulla
In adult males who have undergone a vasectomy does not affect the function of the:
leydig cells
Erectile dysfunction is very common in males over 60 years of age. ….Action among these drugs is dilation of the penile arteries through the release of:
nitric oxide
In the embryological differentiation of a normal FEMALE:
female genitalia form in the absence of endrogen stimulation
Which of the following is an important part of intestinal-mediated immunity
Peyers patches
Regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones
amine hormones are generated by cleaving a pro-hormone into an active hormone
Which of the following would most likely contribute to the maintenance of adequate blood
hepatic gluconeogenesis
Sweating promotes heat loss from the body by the process of
evaporation
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?
they are both inflammatory bowel diseases
Which of the following is the most important function of saliva
moisten and lubricate food for swallowing
The protein-digesting enzyme that is normally released from gastric glands in the stomach is which of the following
pepsin
Which of the following statements regarding the measurement of the energy of metabolism is FALSE
basal metabolic rate is independent of age, sex, and body size
An example of LONG-loop negative feedback would be
inhibition of TRH release by TH
If the adrenal glands were removed from a patient, his plasma cortisol levels would……response to the _______secretion of _____by the ______
LOOK UP
Which of the following is NOT true of Cushing’s syndrome
hypotension occurs as consequence of the disease
The binding of insulin to its receptrs on the cell membranes muscle endiposse cells…uptake…the following mechanisms?
secondary active transport
Fever is an elevation in body temperature due to chemical messengers…. Called:
endogenous pyrogens
In the absensce of thyroid hormone, epinephrine stimulation…..epinephrine causes a much more substantial……called:
permissive….look up??
Which one of the following vitamins requires intrinsic factor from the stomach
B12
during the fetal life in the normal XX female, most of the oogonia in the fetus
LOOK UP
Which of the following could cause SECONDARY HYPERSECRETION of ed…?
a CRH-releasing tumor
EXCESS secretion of pituitary growth hormone prior to puberty can lead to
giantism
