Exam 4

Question 1

which blood group system is associated with resistance to malaria?

Answer 1

duffy (fy^a, fy^b)

Question 2

which antibodies are considered cold agglutinins?

Answer 2

I M N P1

Question 3

which autoantibody specificity is associated with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria and what test is discussed in lecture is used to detect it?

Answer 3

autoanti-p

donath landsteiner

Question 4

which antigens are destroyed by enzymes?

Answer 4

M N S fy^a fy^b

Question 5

which antigens are enhanced by enzymes?

Answer 5

Ii Jk^a P1 Rh (not d) lewis

Question 6

which procedure might help to distiguish between and anti-fy^a and an anti-Jk^a?

Answer 6

fiacin treated panel enhances Jk^a and destroys fy^a

Question 7

which blood group is produced in the tissues?

Answer 7

Lewis

Question 8

What is the McLeod phenotype?

Answer 8

absence of kx antigens

Question 9

which of the antibodies from the other blood group systems discussed for this exam require the antiglobulin test (AHG) for in vitro detection?

Answer 9

Kell
Duffy
Kidd
MN (all phases)
Ss
Lutheran

Question 10

what is the rarest phenotype of the Lutheran system?

Answer 10

Lu (a- b-)

Question 11

which antigen X-linked?

Answer 11

xga

Question 12

which antibody is often found in patients with infectious mono, lyphoproliferative disease, and cold agglutinins?

Answer 12

anti-i

Question 13

which antibodies are known for causing delayed HTR

Answer 13

kidd

Question 14

fy (a-b-) is found primarily in what type of population?

Answer 14

African American

Question 15

which antigen is found primarily in south central and north american indians and asians?

Answer 15

Di^a (diego)

Question 16

which blood group systems are known for showing dosage?

Answer 16

MNS

Question 17

what is the most common antibody seen in the BB besides ABO and Rh antibodies?

Answer 17

anti-K

Question 18

which blood group antigen increases in strength as a newborn grows older?

Answer 18

anti-i

Question 19

can a patient with blood grous Ss be immunized by genotypes SS, Ss, or ss?

Answer 19

no, because they have both

Question 20

can a patient with blood grous Ss be immunized by genotypes SS, Ss, or ss?

Answer 20

no, because they have both

Question 21

which antigens are actually WBC antigens that are expressed in variable degrees on red blood cells and can cause confusing reactions in serological tests?

Answer 21

bg

Question 22

which antigens are well developed at birth, susceptible to enzymes, and generally saline reactive?

Answer 22

MN

Question 23

name 3 most common antibodies that most likely to react at 37 degrees C?

Answer 23

anti-D anti-E anti-K

Question 24

what is the most practial manner for preventing transmission of malaria by blood transfusion?

Answer 24

dont accept blood from people who have been to malarial endemic area

Question 25

list the reason a prospective donor might be permanently rejected for donation of blood products

Answer 25

``` AIDs HEP Men having sex with men -IV drug users -stroke -tegason ```

Question 26

can unused autologous be placed in the general supply and used for another patient other than who it was intended for?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

list the reasons a prospective donor might be temporarily deffered and for how long

Answer 27

- given birth within the last 6 weeks - jail - vaccines - fever - STD - lyme disease - acutane - transfusion

Question 28

can unused autologous be placed in the general supply and used for another patient other than who it was intended for?

Answer 28

no

Question 29

what are the two terms used to refer to AHG that contains both anti-complement and anti-IgG?

Answer 29

polyspecific or broad spectrum

Question 30

a transfusion that replaces approximately a patients blood volume within a 24 hour period is called what kind of transfusion?

Answer 30

massive transfusion

Question 31

when a physician signs an order for uncrossmatched blood and accepts full responsibility for the transfusion of suck products this is referred to as what?

Answer 31

emergency release

Question 32

why are homozygous cells used for "ruling out"?

Answer 32

incase your dealing with an antibody that shows dosage

Question 33

why should a patients serum/plasma for compatibility testing be stored?

Answer 33

concerns with original testing. having to redo the test | transfusion reaction..HTR

Question 34

leukocyte antibodies are usually responsible for what type of transfusion reaction?

Answer 34

febrile

Question 35

which blood bank test detects in vitro sensitization?

Answer 35

IAT

Question 36

how is the shelf life for blood determined?

Answer 36

has to have 70% viability after transfusion

Question 37

what is the purpose of the albumin/liss portion of an antibody screen or crossmatch?

Answer 37

to help detect IgG

Question 38

a positive DAT would give you what kind of information on the patient?

Answer 38

RBCs are coated with gamma and or beta globulins

Question 39

a patient that has had multiple transfusions is most likely to have what type of transfusion reaction?

Answer 39

febrile

Question 40

what doe CPDA stand for

Answer 40

citrate, phosphate, dextrose, adinine

Question 41

what is the shelf life of a unit of blood with CPDA-1 as the anticoagulant?

Answer 41

35 days

Question 42

incomplete anitbodies are ususally Ig?

Answer 42

IgG

Question 43

how often should a new recipient sample be collected if a series of transfusions are to be administered over a period of several days?

Answer 43

3 days

Question 44

incomplete anitbodies are ususally Ig?

Answer 44

IgG

Question 45

what does it mean to perform a major crossmatch?

Answer 45

recipient plasma with donor cells

Question 46

cells are "washed" how many times in an antibody screen?

Answer 46

3

Question 47

what is the purpose of "washing" cells?

Answer 47

to prevent neutrilization of AHG by globulins

Question 48

what is therapeutic phlebotomy and why is it used?

Answer 48

remove blood from patient with a certain condition

Question 49

give 2 diseases or conditions where therapeutic phlebotomy may be used?

Answer 49

polycythemia vera, porphyrias, hemocromitosis

Question 50

what type of transfusion is it when a recipient serves as her/his own donor?

Answer 50

autologous

Question 51

what is the 3 in 3 out rule? why is it used?

Answer 51

pick three negative and 3 positive | used to confirm identity of a specific antibody

Question 52

why is an antibody screen done?

Answer 52

to detect certain antibodies

Question 53

when is an antibody screen done?

Answer 53

prior to tranfusing

Question 54

what are the stages of an antibody screen?

Answer 54

IM 37 AHG check cells

Question 55

what happens if the antibody screen is positive?

Answer 55

run a panel

Question 56

why is there a control in an antibody screen?

Answer 56

control detects whether or not its in vivo

Question 57

what does TRALI stand for?

Answer 57

transfusion related acute lung injury

Question 58

what is TRALI?

Answer 58

reaction to leukocyte antibodies in plasma that cause the plasma to leak into the lungs. *leading cause of transfusion related deaths.

Question 59

what is a directed or specific donation?

Answer 59

intended for a specific recipient

Question 60

anti-Dia

Answer 60

diego

Question 61

Anti-Sc2

Answer 61

Sienna

Question 62

Anti Xga

Answer 62

xg

Question 63

Anti-Ge3

Answer 63

gerbich

Question 64

Anti-Ch3

Answer 64

chido/rodgers

Question 65

Anti-Ge3

Answer 65

gerbich

Question 66

if you do an antibody panel and all cells are positive, including the control, what should be the first thing you should think of may be causing the problem?

Answer 66

warm or cold auto antibody

Question 67

what is the preferred storage temp for RBCs?

Answer 67

1-6 degrees C