Exam 4

Question 1

Which statement is supported by research on computers and academic learning?

Answer 1

Interactive screen media use is associated with academic progress

Question 2

Which situation best represents reciprocal teaching?

Answer 2

Nico, Tyler, and their teacher read a passage on ecosystems and take turns leading dialogues on it

Question 3

Mrs. Nixon guides the overall process of learning in her classroom, but no other distinction is made between adult and child contributors: All participate in joint endeavors and have the authority to define and resolve problems. Mrs. Nixon is using a ________ approach to instruction.

Answer 3

communities of learners

Question 4

Which statement about traditional vs constructivist classrooms is true?

Answer 4

Constructivist classrooms are associated with gains in critical thinking and more positive attitudes toward school

Question 5

When assessing students, Mrs. carter introduces purposeful teaching into the testing situation to find out what the child can attain with social support. Mrs. Carter is using ________

Answer 5

dynamic assessment

Question 6

Rosanna has the ability to discriminate complex inner feelings and to use them to guide her own behavior. According to Gardner, Rosanna has a strong _______ intelligence

Answer 6

intrapersonal

Question 7

Which of the following is not a research supported and effective treatment of children with ADHD

Answer 7

medication only

Question 8

McKenzie (9 years old) is trying to memorize the names of different explorers. If she is using organization as a memory strategy, she might ________

Answer 8

group explorers by country of origin

Question 9

When studying for a test on the planets, Peter remembers the phrase “My Very Energetic Mother Just Screamed Utter Nonsense.” Which memory strategy is he using?

Answer 9

elaboration

Question 10

Which statement about the impact of culture and schooling on concrete operational thought is accurate?

Answer 10

evidence indicates that specific cultural and school practices influence the ability to perform Piagetian tasks

Question 11

A child in the concrete operational stage will have the most trouble understanding _______

Answer 11

abstract ideas

Question 12

Mrs. Hartley asked her first graders to draw a map of their classroom using their memory. The students’ maps will probably ______________

Answer 12

include landmarks

Question 13

Nine-year-old Ryan thinks through a series of steps, and then mentally changes direction, returning to the starting point. Ryan is capable of ________

Answer 13

reversibility

Question 14

Which of the following children is most likely to have a sense of industry?

Answer 14

Thayer, who has a positive but realistic self-concept.

Question 15

As school-age children move into adolescence, self-concept is increasingly vested in feedback from ________.

Answer 15

close friends

Question 16

Mrs. Cybrig would like to help her low-effort daughter gain a sense of academic competence. Which of the following would you recommend to her?

Answer 16

Select tasks that challenge, but do not overwhelm, her daughter

Question 17

Which statement about children and diversity is true?

Answer 17

By the early school years, children associate power and privilege with white people

Question 18

Which statement about self-conscious emotions in middle childhood is true?

Answer 18

Pride motivates children to take on further challenges, whereas guilt prompts them to strive for self-improvement.

Question 19

Research confirms that an effective way to reduce prejudice is through _______.

Answer 19

intergroup contact in racially and ethnically diverse cooperative learning groups

Question 20

__________ are collectives that generate unique values and standards for behavior and a social structure of leaders and followers

Answer 20

peer groups

Question 21

Charles received many negative votes on peer acceptance self-reports from the children in his class. How would Charles be classified?

Answer 21

rejected

Question 22

Elementary school teachers tend to stereotype boys who display “masculine” behaviors as _________

Answer 22

lazy and troublesome

Question 23

T or F: Researchers are advocating for interventions that help families, teachers, and peers become more accepting of children’s gender-atypical interests and behaviors and that protect little children from harassment

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Which statement about coregulation is accurate?

Answer 24

Coregulation supports and protects children while preparing them for adolescence

Question 25

T or F: When siblings get along well, the older sibling’s academic and social competence does not tend to “rub off” on the younger sibling

Answer 25

False

Question 26

T or F: Children with the same sex parents do not differ from the children of heterosexual parents in mental health, quality of life, or peer relations

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The overriding factor for children in positive adjustment after divorce is __________.

Answer 27

effective parenting

Question 28

Define popular kids

Question 29

Define controversial kids

Question 30

What is process praise? What is person praise?

Answer 30

Person praise highlights a person’s inherent attributes or characteristics, while Process praise highlights the behavior and effort that goes into certain attributes or characteristics

Question 31

Based on information from the textbook, identify at least one response to the following: “Should parents try to promote children’s self-esteem by telling them they’re ‘smart’ or ‘wonderful’?”

Answer 31

Berk emphasizes that praise should focus on effort or specific achievements, so it would be better to say something like “You worked really hard! Im really proud of the effort you put in to this!”

Question 32

How could you change the person praise of “You are good at English you got an A on your last test” to be process praise instead?

Answer 32

“Your practice and engagement paid off! Super good work!”

Question 33

Identify two characteristics from Piaget’s cognitive development theory and describe how they change from early childhood to middle childhood

Answer 33

1) Reversibility - Piaget believed that in early childhood children can not reverse an operation, yet in middle childhood, they can go through a process from the beginning and then reverse it.
2) Egocentrism - Piaget believed that in early childhood, children cannot conceptualize the perspectives or feelings of anyone but themselves, yet in middle childhood, they begin to gain emotional understanding and can take the perspectives of others, initiating a rise in empathy.

Question 34

Identify two factors that contribute to childhood obesity and how they contribute

Answer 34

Heredity- obese children are likely to have at least one obese parent and identical twins are more likely than fraternal twins to share the disorder
TV and Food Habits - children who spend more hours watching TV are more likely to become obese, as well children whos family food habits are not nutrionally balanced

Question 35

What is one way, building from information in the textbook, that you would suggest to reduce prejudice?

Answer 35

fostering intergroup contact with cooperative activities with peers from diverse backgrounds