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PSY352P > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Faking or exaggerating symptoms for a secondary gain (e.g., financial benefits) is known as:

A

Malingering

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2
Q

________________ was a DSM-IV disorder that was dropped from the DSM-5.

A

Somatization disorder

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3
Q

A patient reports losing all feeling in his left arm with no apparent medical explanation. What diagnosis is most likely to apply:

A

conversion disorder

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4
Q

What is the major characteristic that distinguishes Illness Anxiety Disorder and Somatic Symptom Disorder?

A

The presence of physical symptoms.

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5
Q

The ability to engage in activities without conscious awareness (e.g., driving without paying conscious attention at all times) is know as?

A

dissociation

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6
Q

The increase in Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) that coincided with the publication and popularity of the book Sybil (and later the movie) is consistent with which perspective about the origins of DID?

A

Socio-cognitive view

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7
Q

Cognitive neuroscience research on memory function in DID is consistent with the idea that:

A

the identities in DID are NOT distinct

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8
Q

A person wanders off from his family and starts up a new life in a new town. This person is most likely to be diagnosed with:

A

Dissociative fugue

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9
Q

What are the domains typically considered in the definition of personality disorders?

A

Cognition (ways of perceiving self/others)
Affectivity (range, intensity, lability)
Interpersonal functioning
Impulse control

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10
Q

The majority of people with a personality disorder are diagnosed with _______________ personality disorder.

A

more than one

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11
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by a lack of desire for close interpersonal relationships?

A

Schizoid personality disorder

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12
Q

Someone highly concerned with details, rules, schedules, and doing things “the right way” is most likely to be diagnosed with which personality disorder?

A

Obsessive Compulsive personality disorder

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13
Q

Psychopathy has the most in common with which of the following personality disorders?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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14
Q

Which personality disorder is best characterized by unstable interpersonal relationships, emotional lability, and identity confusion?

A

Borderline personality disorder

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15
Q

What are the major components of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)?

A

Mindfulness/acceptance
Distress tolerance (becoming better at tolerating distress)
Emotion regulation
Interpersonal effectiveness

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16
Q

The experience of distress due to the strong belief that they were born the wrong sex and thus have a strong desire to be of the opposite sex is known as:

A

gender dysphoria

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17
Q

Gender identity conversion treatment is an effective evidence-based treatment for gender dysphoria.

A

FALSE

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18
Q

Male-to-female reassignment eliminates male problems, such as prostate cancer and an inability to bear children

A

FALSE

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19
Q

There is a reduction in _________________ among people who receive gender-affirming reassignment surgery.

A

mental health treatment and hospitalizations following a suicide

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20
Q

Mild performance anxiety during sexual activity in healthy adults has what impact on sexual arousal?

A

It increases sexual arousal.

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21
Q

The practice of observing, in order to become sexually aroused, an unsuspecting person undressing or naked is referred to as:

A

voyeurism

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22
Q

physical symptoms or complaints not fully explained by a medical condition or biological explanation

A

somatic symptom disorders

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23
Q

create or fabricate symptoms with no secondary gain

A

factitious disorder

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24
Q

CBT is useful for ____________ about somatic symptoms but does not _______________

A

reducing distress, tend to reduce the somatic symptoms

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25
Q

fears or beliefs of having a serious disease based on a misinterpretation of bodily symptoms

A

hypochondriasis

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26
Q

preoccupied they have a serious illness when somatic symptoms are NOT present (or very mild)

A

illness anxiety disorder

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27
Q

symptoms/deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that suggest a neurological condition without a neurological cause

A

conversion disorder

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28
Q

Conversion disorder is often in response to _________________

A

life stress or trauma

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29
Q

Partial paralysis, pseudoseizures, and “hysterical” blindness (partial blindness) are examples of

A

conversion disorder

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30
Q

“glove anesthesia”

A

numbness in hand with parts that are covered in gloves

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31
Q

conversion symptoms tend to disappear within _________ but can last __________

A

2 weeks, for years

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32
Q

psychodynamic theories for etiology of conversion disorder?

A

primary role of unconcious
symptoms are resolving inner conflict

ex. urge to harm somebody, person wakes up with numb arm resolves conflict (person may not be aware of inner conflict)

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33
Q

the mind’s ability to engage in activities outside of conscious awareness

A

dissociation

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34
Q

daydreaming, missing parts of conversations, driving without paying conscious attention, automatic behaviors

A

dissociation

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35
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder was formerly known as _______________

A

Multiple Personality Disorder

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36
Q

Sharp increase of cases of _____________ after the publication of “Sybil” in 1973

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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37
Q

Child defends against trauma by dissociating is consistent with the _________ view of the origin of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A

traumagenic

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38
Q

Sociocognitive view of the origin of DID states that DID is iatrogenic (_______________________)

A

treatment creates diagnosis

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39
Q

Labeling a patient as DID may suggest a _______________

A

poorer outcome

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40
Q

inability to recall important personal information that cannot be explained by ordinary forgetfulness

A

dissociative amnesia

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41
Q

sudden unexpected travel from home or one’s customary place of work with an inability to recall one’s past

A

Dissociative Fugue subtype

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42
Q

confusion about personal identity or assumption of a new identity

A

Dissociative Fugue subtype

43
Q

General Personality Disorder is an ____________ pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from expectations of the individual’s culture.

A

enduring
stable onset in childhood or adolescence

44
Q

rates of personality disorders are relatively ________

A

low

45
Q

so rare that DSM-5 contemplated removing:

A

Paranoid PD (2%)
Histrionic PD (2%)
Schizoid PD (1%?)
Dependent PD (0.5%)

46
Q

Personality Disorder Clusters
Cluster A: Odd Eccentric

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

47
Q

Personality Disorder Clusters
Cluster B: Dramatic/Erratic

A

Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic
Antisocial

48
Q

Personality Disorder Clusters
Cluster C: Anxious/Fearful

A

Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive-Compulsive

49
Q

___________ tends to be a little bit more grounded in reality than delusional disorder

A

Paranoid PD

50
Q

controversy over inclusion of Schizoid PD in DSM because….

A

does not affect functioning, people with schizoid PD are happy

51
Q

Treatment for __________ emphasizes social skill training

A

schizoid PD

52
Q

Odd beliefs (ex. believe they have special powers)
Eccentric speech
Eccentric behavior and appearance
Social anxiety

A

Schizotypal PD
‘Mild’ schizophrenia-spectrum symptoms

53
Q

Fearful of criticism, rejection, disapproval, embarrassment, reluctant to enter relationships but DESIRE RELATIONSHIPS

A

Avoidant PD

54
Q

Main difference between people with Social Anxiety Disorder and Avoidant PD:

A

feelings of low self-worth, incompetence

55
Q

Psychopathy (sociopathy) describes __________, not a __________

A

personality traits
diagnosis

56
Q

DSM-5 antisocial personality disorder overlaps with ___________

A

psychopathy

57
Q

lack of response to punishment and do not learn from punishment signals

A

psychopathy

58
Q

levels of testosterone may play a role in ___________

A

psychopathy

59
Q

reduced orbital frontal function

A

among psychopaths

60
Q

a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others

A

antisocial personality disorder

61
Q

“it is virtually impossible to achieve collaboration with an ________ patient in ordinary dyadic therapy”

A

antisocial

62
Q

tendency to view other people negatively is the social perception in ___________

A

borderline personality disorder

63
Q

complex, multifaceted treatment for borderline personality disorder, includes group and individual interventions and extensive therapist support

A

Dialectical Behavior Therapy

64
Q

Dialectical Behavior Therapy is NEVER about…..

A

controlling thoughts

65
Q

_________ is a person’s inherent sense of being male or female (distinct from sexual orientation)

A

Gender identity

66
Q

Exceedingly challenging to gain access to ______________

A

gender affirming treatments

67
Q

sexually attracted to non-living items (can’t be aroused in absence of them)

A

fetishism

68
Q

exposing genitals to unsuspecting strangers

A

exhibitionism

69
Q

sexual arousal in inflicting pain

A

sexual sadism

70
Q

sexual arousal in suffering pain

A

sexual masochism

71
Q

sexual attraction to children

A

pedophilia

72
Q

Two forms of psychodynamic treatment of borderline personality disorder, called ___________ and _____________, have shown positive results.

A

transference-focused therapy, mentalization therapy

73
Q

___________________ places emphasis on the relationship with the therapist and on the powerful feelings that clients with borderline personality disorder sometimes develop toward their therapists. The therapist helps clients consider parallels between their response to the therapist and their experiences in other relationships, as a way of helping clients understand and manage their relationships in a healthier manner

A

Transference-focused therapy

74
Q

Because many people with borderline personality disorder tend to respond quickly and impulsively to emotions, _______________ focuses on helping clients to be more reflective about their own feelings and those of other people, to avoid acting automatically without thinking when emotions or interpersonal stressors occur

A

mentalization therapy

75
Q

Marsha Linehan developed ___________ to treat borderline personality disorder, and it is considered the best validated approach.

A

dialectical behavior therapy

76
Q

Strong need to be the center of attention
Inappropriate sexually seductive behavior
Rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions
Use of physical appearance to draw attention to self
Speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail
Exaggerated, theatrical emotional expression
Being overly suggestible
Misreading relationships as more intimate than they are

A

histrionic personality disorder

77
Q

Sexual desire, often associated with sexually arousing fantasies or thoughts

A

Sexual interest

78
Q

Self-perceptions of sexual excitement

A

Subjective arousal

79
Q

Changes in blood flow to genitalia, which can be measured by penile or vaginal plethysmography

A

Biological arousal

80
Q

Post-orgasm phase; for men further erection is not possible during a refractory period

A

Resolution

81
Q

defined by ejaculation that occurs too quickly

A

premature ejaculation

82
Q

persistent difficulty in ejaculating

A

delayed ejaculation disorder

83
Q

most prevalent sexual dysfunction in males

A

premature ejaculation

84
Q

least common sexual dysfunction in men

A

delayed ejaculation disorder

85
Q

Consistent with what Bill experienced in the Clinical Case, DSM-5 defines “premature” as less than __ minute after the penis is inserted. This was chosen based on cross-national studies showing that the median time to ejaculation is __ minutes after penis insertion

A

1, 5

86
Q

refers to deficient or absent sexual fantasies and urges

A

Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

87
Q

failure to attain or maintain an erection through completion of the sexual activity

A

erectile disorder

88
Q

persistent absence or reduced intensity of orgasm after sexual excitement

A

Female orgasmic disorder

89
Q

persistent deficits in sexual interest, biological arousal, or subjective arousal

A

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder

90
Q

The focus of sexual desire and urges in ______________ is on touching an unsuspecting person. The person with this disorder may rub his penis against a woman’s thighs or buttocks or fondle her breasts or genitals. These attacks typically occur in places such as a crowded bus or sidewalk that provide an easy means of escape.

A

frotteuristic disorder

91
Q

Although some men experience recurrent pain during sex, very few men seek treatment for it. For this reason, the DSM-5 criteria focus on women for ________________

A

genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

92
Q

_________ refers to sexual relations between close relatives for whom marriage is forbidden.

A

Incest

93
Q

Incest is listed as a subtype of ____________.

A

pedophilic disorder

94
Q

The core feature of the _____________ is recurrent sexual attraction to unusual objects or activities, lasting at least 6 months

A

paraphilic disorders

95
Q

________________ involves a disconcerting and disruptive sense of detachment from one’s self or surroundings.

A

Depersonalization/derealization disorder

96
Q

______________ is defined by a sense of being detached from one’s self (e.g., being an observer outside one’s body)

A

Depersonalization

97
Q

____________ is defined by a sense of detachment from one’s surroundings, such that the surroundings seem unreal.

A

Derealization

98
Q

The DSM-5 includes three major dissociative disorders:

A

depersonalization/derealization disorder, dissociative amnesia, and dissociative identity disorder (formerly known as multiple personality disorder).

99
Q

In tests of ___________, researchers might ask a person to remember words. In tests of ____________, researchers determine if the word lists have subtler effects on performance.

A

explicit memory, implicit memory

100
Q

The information we store or remember unconsciously is called _____________, while the information we memorize consciously is known as ______________.

A

implicit memory, explicit memory

101
Q

The sociocognitive model, then, implies that DID could be ____________ (created within treatment) in that the person often learns to role-play these symptoms within treatment.

A

iatrogenic

102
Q

Grandiose view of one’s importance
Preoccupation with one’s success, brilliance, beauty
Belief that one is special and can be understood only by other high-status people
Extreme need for admiration
Strong sense of entitlement
Tendency to exploit others
Lack of empathy
Envy of others
Arrogant behavior or attitudes

A

Narcissistic personality disorder

103
Q

As adults, people with ________________ show irresponsible behaviors, such as working inconsistently, breaking laws, being irritable and physically aggressive, defaulting on debts, being reckless and impulsive, and neglecting to plan ahead.

A

antisocial personality disorder

PSY352P (7 decks)

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