EXAM 3 WILDLIFE Flashcards
How do we manage wetlands for wildlife
preserve existing and reclaim altered wetlands
manipulate water levels and vegetation
flooding:
rating water levels to increase open water and deepen pool
attract water birds
drawdowns:
lowering water levels to encourage growth of moist soil plant succession
speed up plant succession
release nutrients
attract shorebirds and terrestrial life
why are wetlands important
wetlands are highly productive and biologically diverse systems that enhance water quality, control erosion, maintain stream flows, sequester carbon, and provide habitat
what is the definition of an exploiter
generalist species, often non-invasive, a nuisance wildlife species
example: raccoon
what is the definition of an adapter
an age or savannah species, backyard or forest park species
example: rabbits
what is the definition of an avoider
sensitive to human activities, larger interior species
example: geese
How does habitat change in the city for a hedgehog
increases hedgehog population due to the use of fertilizers
home ranges are far from roads
how does habitat change in the city for a salamander
decrease in density with a population increase
pollution in streams and habitat
how does habitat change in the city for a flying fox
camp formation from climate change
how does habitat change in the city for a cardinal
decrease of snags and woody debris for habitat
why are wildlife concerns common in urban environments and how do we mitigate these problems
increase to an assortment of pollutants
novel types of food
new infections for wildlife
what causes wildlife to be listen as endangered or threatened
habitat loss, fragmentation, degradation
overexploitation
climate change
invasive species or disease
what is captive breeding and how is it accomplished
terminology used to boost production of a species in captivity
what are some problems associated with captive breeding
surplus of a certain species
captive behavior
genetics- inbreeding
what causes the California condor and the black footed ferret to be endangered
black footed ferret:
disease spread in captivity, distemper and plague
california condor :
lead intoxication from ammunition, habitat loss
What is CITES and what is is designed todo
Convention of International Trade of Endangered Species
I- no trade permitted
II- trade regulated, not likely to become extinct
III- countries list of native species within their boarder
Endangered Species Act
Goals:
self sustaining wild populations
maintain species integrity
listing criteria
protect curtail habitat
develop recovery plans
